Inflation is higher than expected wealth, and wealth will be transferred from creditors to debtors.

For example, if a company lends money to a bank, the bank predicts that the inflation rate will not exceed 5% and lends money to a company at the interest rate of 5%. Later, it was actually proved that the inflation rate exceeded 6%, and A still completed the repayment at the interest rate of 5%, and A made a profit.