My graduation thesis is about the relationship between e-commerce and logistics

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Without logistics, the development of e-commerce will be restricted.

E-commerce will promote the development and improvement of logistics

Logistics includes transportation, storage, loading and unloading, packaging, circulation processing, distribution and information.

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E-commerce logistics

Abstract: Since 1998, an e-commerce boom has emerged in our country. Many domestic companies have registered e-commerce companies, and the normal economy has been disrupted. It wasn't until last year that the e-commerce boom passed, and people actually turned their attention to logistics. It should be said that logistics has great potential in our country. According to incomplete statistics, from 1992 to 1998, the development of my country's logistics has led the country. The working capital has saved about 800 billion yuan, and my country's logistics costs now account for as much as 20% of GDP, while in developed countries it is only about 10%. The era calls for the emergence of electronic logistics.

Keywords: e-commerce logistics information flow business flow capital flow electronic logistics third-party logistics fourth-party logistics

1. Logistics generation in e-commerce

The invention of the Internet is the greatest social and technological achievement in the past 30 years. It is changing people's lives and will also lead to changes and leaps in the business field. Internet-based e-commerce can be said to be a new bright spot in the 21st century economy, but for now, this bright spot has not yet shined brightly, and may be just a target model for economic development. Undoubtedly, e-commerce is a new business tool in the 21st century. It will act like a lever to leverage traditional and emerging industries, promote the evolution of traditional industries and the development of emerging industries. In this process, the modern logistics and delivery industry will become the The fulcrum of the lever.

2. The relationship between e-commerce and logistics and the importance of logistics

The relationship between e-commerce and professional logistics is like the relationship between enterprises and banks. However, because e-commerce companies are easier to establish and have lower operating costs than traditional companies, their competition will become more intense. It is estimated that they will develop into integration with logistics, forming a company that has both e-commerce and logistics. As now, there is both cooperation and competition among various companies. The scale of the monopoly enterprise will further expand. Its monopoly is not only in a certain industry, but also in business in a certain region, which creates a business monopoly.

Its importance comes from the following aspects:

(1) Logistics - guarantee for realizing e-commerce

1. Logistics guarantees production

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Whether under traditional trade methods or under e-commerce, production is the foundation of commodity circulation, and the smooth progress of production requires the support of various logistics activities. The whole process of production starts with the purchase of raw materials, which requires corresponding supply logistics activities to ensure that the purchased materials are in place. Otherwise, production will be difficult to carry out. Between the various production processes, the logistics process of raw materials and semi-finished products is also required. , the so-called production logistics, to achieve production mobility; the recovery of some residual materials and reusable materials requires the so-called recycling logistics; the processing of waste requires waste logistics. It can be seen that the entire production process is actually a series of logistics activities. Rationalized and modern logistics ensure the efficient progress of modern production by reducing expenses, optimizing inventory structure, reducing capital occupation, and shortening production cycles. On the contrary, without modern logistics, production will be difficult to proceed smoothly. No matter how convenient a trade form e-commerce is, it will still be useless.

2. Logistics serves business flow

In business flow activities, the ownership of goods is transferred from the supplier to the demander from the moment the purchase and sale contract is signed, and the entity of the goods It didn't move because of it. In the traditional transaction process, except for non-physical delivery futures transactions, general business flows must be accompanied by corresponding logistics activities, that is, according to the needs of the demander (buyer), the physical goods are transferred from the supplier (seller) in an appropriate manner. , the channel is transferred to the demand side (buyer). Under e-commerce, consumers complete the delivery process of commodity ownership by clicking online to shop, that is, the business flow process. But e-commerce activities are not over. Business activities will not end until goods and services are truly transferred to consumers.

In the entire e-commerce transaction process, logistics actually appears as a follower and service provider of business flow.

Without modern logistics, no matter how easy business flow activities are, they will still be reduced to a piece of paper.

(2) Logistics is an important part of the concept of e-commerce

Since 1998, e-commerce has become a hot topic, especially those that have something to do with e-commerce. All companies that went public to raise funds were successful. And why has e-commerce slowly begun to cool down since last year? The most important thing is the bottleneck problem of logistics and distribution.

From the analysis of domestic e-commerce operations, my country’s e-commerce industry is not optimistic. The so-called e-commerce can actually only be said to be a regional e-commerce. For example, I am now in Ningbo. If you use e-commerce to purchase goods, if you buy local things, e-commerce may indeed be possible, and the effects and advantages may be reflected immediately; but imagine, if I buy Xinjiang goods, and not a lot, just a small Toy, can it be realized? If it can be realized, is it a real benefit? Are there any advantages? This is a logistics bottleneck problem.

Since e-commerce has cooled down, logistics has started to boom. As a young industry, logistics has great potential for development. National leaders have repeatedly emphasized that the development of the logistics industry is a new growth point for China's economy, and reducing logistics costs is also the third source of profit for enterprises. In addition, the development of the logistics industry is an aspect of the Tenth Five-Year Plan. In such a soft environment with government support, logistics will have greater room for development.

Whether it is viewed from the perspective of the proportion of my country's circulation costs in GDP or the amount of circulating funds occupied by circulation costs, the development of logistics is a brand-new challenge to our country.

(3) Logistics is the fundamental guarantee to realize the concept of "customer-centered"

From the original buying and selling to today's e-commerce, the biggest change is that e-commerce is not affected by time and place. restrictions. E-commerce can virtualize all goods sales into a large shopping mall, and you can buy any kind of goods in the world at any time and place. The emergence of e-commerce has facilitated end consumers to the greatest extent. They no longer have to go to crowded commercial streets to select the products they need one after another. Instead, they can complete their shopping process by just sitting at home and searching, viewing, and selecting on the Internet. But imagine that the goods they purchased have not been delivered for a long time, or the goods delivered by the merchant are not what they purchased. Will consumers still choose to shop online? The unsafety of online shopping has always been an important reason why e-commerce is difficult to promote. Whether it is B to B or B to C, as a consumer or customer, if I buy a product, can the product be delivered to me safely and quickly? This is the issue I am most concerned about, which requires solving issues such as logistics and distribution. In a word: The development of e-commerce requires logistics as the foundation, and logistics is the fundamental guarantee for realizing the "customer-centered" concept.

(4) E-commerce serves logistics informatization

E-commerce must be based on informatization. Without informatization, e-commerce will become water without a source and a tree without roots. . Logistics informatization manifests itself in the commercialization of logistics information, the digitization and coding of logistics information collection, the electronicization and computerization of logistics information processing, the standardization and real-time transmission of logistics information, and the digitization of logistics information storage. With the development of e-commerce, it will be widely used in my country's logistics industry. Informatization is the foundation of everything. Without the informatization of logistics, it is impossible for any advanced technical equipment to be applied in the field of logistics. The application of information technology and computer technology will completely change the face of my country's logistics industry.

Logistics is the ultimate guarantee for realizing the "customer-centered" concept in e-commerce. Without modern logistics technology, the shopping convenience that e-commerce brings to consumers is zero, and consumers will inevitably turn to them. If you think traditional shopping methods are safer, why is there any need for online shopping?

It can be seen from the above discussion that logistics is an important part of e-commerce. We must abandon the original concept of "emphasis on the electronicization of information flow, business flow and capital flow, while ignoring the electronicization of logistics", and vigorously develop modern logistics to further promote electronic logistics.

3. How to develop logistics in e-commerce?

The main reason why the logistics industry cannot meet the development of e-commerce at this stage is first of all the shortage of talents in logistics and distribution. Education and training in logistics and distribution abroad are very developed, forming a relatively reasonable education and training system for logistics and distribution talents. In contrast, my country's education in logistics and distribution is still relatively backward. Secondly, the institutional environment required for the development of logistics and distribution needs to be further deepened. The institutional environment mainly refers to the financing system, property rights transfer system, labor use system, market access or exit system, social security system, etc. When an enterprise improves its own logistics efficiency, it must involve the reallocation of various logistics resources within the enterprise and between the enterprise and the market. Since the above-mentioned system reforms have not yet been put in place, enterprises will be hindered from reallocating logistics resources based on economically rational principles.

How to develop logistics in e-commerce?

(1) The whole society’s understanding of e-commerce logistics must be improved. E-commerce and e-commerce logistics should be promoted together. E-commerce is a revolution in the commercial field, while e-commerce logistics is a revolution in the logistics field. It is necessary to change the past mentality of emphasizing business flow over logistics, elevate logistics to the status of competitive strategy, and put the development of social electronic logistics systems on the agenda.

(2) The state and enterprises must jointly participate in the establishment of an electronic logistics system.

The formation of an electronic logistics system for the whole society requires joint investment from the government and enterprises. The government must invest a lot of money in highways, railways, aviation, information networks, etc. to ensure the smooth flow of traffic and information and form a coverage The transportation network and information network of the whole society provide a good social environment for the development of e-commerce logistics.

(3) Combined with my country’s actual situation, learn from various aspects of experience. We can learn from the results of logistics management research in other countries, learn from countries with developed e-commerce logistics, encourage theoretical and practical circles to study the problems in e-commerce logistics, avoid detours, take shortcuts as much as possible, and speed up the development of e-commerce logistics in our country. .

(4) Strengthen the training of e-commerce logistics talents. E-commerce logistics talents are a kind of compound senior talents who understand both e-commerce and logistics; they understand both technology and management. On the one hand, e-commerce logistics talents can be introduced; on the other hand, potential talents can be sent out to study.

IV. The future prospects of logistics in e-commerce

E-commerce will be a business revolution that breaks regional and national boundaries and opens up a huge online business market. E-commerce logistics that ensures the operation of e-commerce will have great development. The development of e-commerce logistics is the need for Chinese enterprises to participate in international competition. It is an opportunity to shorten the gap between the logistics industry of developed countries and has good prospects.

(1) E-commerce logistics has broad development space in my country. Although my country's e-commerce started late, its development momentum is very good. The state and enterprises attach great importance to the development of e-commerce and have made great achievements in e-commerce. However, it is still almost blank in terms of e-commerce goods. The great development of e-commerce will inevitably lead to the great development of e-commerce logistics in our country. In addition, e-commerce trade has no borders. The Internet can enable two parties anywhere in the world to conclude transactions in an instant, but the speed of delivery of goods depends on the development of e-commerce logistics. The Forrester Research Institute of the United States pointed out in its "Controlling Business Logistics" report that if the global e-commerce trade volume reached 3.2 trillion US dollars in 2003. Online sellers will face "logistics chaos". In the next few years, e-commerce transaction volume will increase dozens of times, and e-commerce logistics volume will also increase at this rate.

(2) To give full play to the large-scale digital customization economy, e-commerce logistics must be developed. With the gradual formation of the buyer's market, the rapid development of electronic information technology and its widespread application in the business field, the large-scale digital customization economy is developing rapidly. The large-scale digital economy is a new form of industrial organization aimed at meeting customer needs. It fundamentally changes the organizational management form of enterprises, the relationship between manufacturers and consumers, the way of competition between competitors, and the division of labor and collaboration between enterprises. method is the mainstream form of industrial organization in the 21st century. In the mass customization economy, the focus of competition between enterprises is speed. The key to whether an enterprise can obtain a competitive advantage is whether it can shorten the time to provide products and services to customers. Therefore, enterprises must maintain smooth logistics, which requires enterprises to The control of its logistics is ensured internally and between its supply chain partners through information transmission systems and electronic logistics network systems. Therefore, e-commerce logistics not only provides distribution services for online transactions, but is also the core content of future corporate competitive strategies.

(3) The development of information technology and logistics technology provides the foundation for e-commerce logistics. my country's "golden projects" such as "Jinqiao", "Golden Card" and "Jinguan" provide a good foundation for the development of e-commerce logistics. In recent years, my country's traffic situation has been greatly improved. The development of highway network, railway network, shipping network and aviation network ensures the rapid transportation of logistics. In addition, the emergence of a large number of logistics companies, as well as advanced logistics theory and modern logistics technology will promote the development of e-commerce logistics systems.

(4) Vigorously develop value-added services of third-party logistics. With the continuous refinement of social division of labor and the continuous improvement of specialization, third-party logistics services will make greater breakthroughs in development form, speed and scope with the help of the development of e-commerce. As a strategic concept, the supply chain is also a product, and it is a value-added product. Its purpose is not only to reduce costs, but more importantly, to provide value-added services beyond user expectations, such as distribution, distribution and various types of value-added products. circulation and processing services, as well as other services provided according to customer needs. E-commerce involves the reengineering of enterprise processes and the reallocation of resources. Therefore, when analyzing the needs of logistics information systems, it is necessary to comprehensively consider many factors such as contracts, insurance, documents, languages, etc. Specifically, third-party logistics companies in the e-commerce environment should do the following: comprehensively apply electronic information technology, start from customer needs, redesign the third-party logistics process, focus on comprehensive integrated management, and pay attention to the organizational functions of intermodal transportation agents, Provide "all-round" enterprises with logistics process reengineering in the e-commerce environment, and provide suppliers and consumers with flexible and efficient logistics services.

Technological innovation content includes: technological innovation in logistics service projects, organizational structure, operating mechanism, service specification quality, etc., highlighting attractive new logistics service projects; commercialization of technological innovation of logistics system elements, and improving service activities through technological innovation efficiency, and achieve satisfactory returns; the synergy between technological innovation content and innovative activities enables the development of personnel quality, organizational structure, logistics process, and management level.

Conclusion

Although my country’s e-commerce started late, it is developing very well. If we can make good use of the "tracking and catching up" strategy, if we have a set of development policies that are both advanced and in line with my country's basic national conditions, if we can quickly activate the enterprises that are the main force in e-commerce, increase the publicity of enterprises' online transactions, and change the traditional By adopting business concepts, we will be able to gradually narrow the gap with advanced countries. To this end, feasible measures and powerful countermeasures must be formulated: to improve the entire nation's understanding of e-commerce. E-commerce is an inevitable trend in future business development and a profound change in the commercial field. In this regard, the entire nation must have a sense of urgency to attract more companies to go online, improve their competitiveness and improve their profitability through the Internet. Give full play to the demonstration effect and encourage more industries to participate. First of all, e-commerce should be actively promoted in some fields and departments suitable for the development of e-commerce, such as foreign trade, banking, securities, civil aviation, railway ticketing, hotel reservations, publishing and distribution and other industries. provide strong support and promote a virtuous cycle. Create a development environment and establish a security system. The development of e-commerce requires corresponding laws and regulations, corresponding technical standards and network access standards, corresponding bank financial support systems, etc. I believe that to ensure the standardized operation of e-commerce, these standards must be aligned with international standards. Strengthen talent training and establish a ladder-shaped team with high quality, reasonable structure and professional support. The government, enterprises and all sectors of society should pay attention to cultivating compound senior talents. On the one hand, they should pay attention to the introduction of a group of e-commerce talents, and on the other hand, they should prevent the outflow of e-commerce talents. Learn from the experience of other countries and follow our country’s development path. Actively participate in international dialogues and discussions, and promptly absorb the experiences and lessons of other countries in the international e-commerce framework to accelerate the development of my country's e-commerce.

References

Zhang Duo, "Current Status and Trends of E-Commerce Logistics Development", "E-Commerce Logistics", 2004.11.27

Chen Jun, " Research on the Current Situation of E-Commerce in China---Analysis of E-Logistics", 2005.2.16