Securities practitioners, cadres at or above the division level of state organs and servicemen are not allowed to participate in stock trading, but they can open fund accounts and buy and sell funds and bonds.
Futures, whose English name is futures, is completely different from spot. Spot is actually a tradable commodity. Futures are mainly not commodities, but standardized tradable contracts based on some popular products such as cotton, soybeans and oil and financial assets such as stocks and bonds. Therefore, the subject matter can be commodities (such as gold, crude oil and agricultural products) or financial instruments.
The delivery date of futures can be one week later, one month later, three months later or even one year later.
A contract or agreement to buy or sell futures is called a futures contract. The place where futures are bought and sold is called the futures market. Investors can invest or speculate in futures.
The standardized contract made by the futures exchange stipulates that a certain quantity and quality of the subject matter will be delivered at a specific time and place in the future.
Futures commission: equivalent to the commission in the stock. For stocks, the expenses of stock trading include stamp duty, commission and transfer fees. Relatively speaking, the cost of engaging in futures trading is only the handling fee. Futures commission refers to the fees paid by futures traders according to a certain proportion of the total contract value after the transaction.
main feature
The commodity variety, trading unit, contract month, margin, quantity, quality, grade, delivery time and delivery place of futures contracts are all established and standardized, and the only variable is price. The standards of futures contracts are usually designed by futures exchanges and listed by national regulatory agencies.
Futures contracts are concluded under the organization of futures exchanges and have legal effect. Prices are generated through public bidding in the trading hall of the exchanges. Most foreign countries adopt public bidding, while our country adopts computer trading.
The performance of futures contracts is guaranteed by the exchange, and private transactions are not allowed.
Futures contracts can fulfill or cancel their contractual obligations through the settlement of spot or hedging transactions.
condition
Minimum fluctuation price: refers to the minimum fluctuation range of the unit price of futures contracts.
Maximum fluctuation limit of daily price: (also known as price limit) means that the trading price of futures contracts shall not be higher or lower than the prescribed price limit in a trading day, and the quotation exceeding this price limit will be deemed invalid and cannot be traded.
Delivery month of futures contract: refers to the delivery month stipulated in the contract.
Last trading day: refers to the last trading day when a futures contract is traded in the contract delivery month.
Futures contract trading unit "hand": Futures trading must be carried out in an integer multiple of "hand", and the number of commodities contracted in each hand of different trading varieties should be specified in the futures contract of that variety.
Transaction price of futures contract: it is the value-added tax price of benchmark delivery goods of futures contract delivered in benchmark delivery warehouse. Contract transaction prices include opening price, closing price and settlement price.
If the buyer of a futures contract holds the contract until the expiration date, he is obliged to purchase the subject matter corresponding to the futures contract; If the seller of a futures contract holds the contract until it expires, he is obliged to sell the subject matter corresponding to the futures contract (some futures contracts do not make physical delivery when they expire, but settle the difference, for example, the expiration of stock index futures means that the open futures contract is finally settled according to a certain average value of the spot index. Of course, traders of futures contracts can also choose to reverse the transaction before the contract expires to offset this obligation.
Transaction characteristics
bidirectional
One of the biggest differences between futures trading and stock market is that futures can be traded in both directions, and futures can be long or short. When the price rises, you can buy low and sell high, and when the price falls, you can sell high and buy low. Going long can make money, and shorting can also make money, so there is no bear market in futures. In a bear market, the stock market will be suppressed, while the futures market will remain unchanged and opportunities will still exist. )
low cost
Futures trading countries do not levy stamp duty and other taxes, and the only cost is the transaction fee. The procedures of the three domestic exchanges are about two ten thousandths or three ten thousandths, plus the additional fees of brokers, and the unilateral handling fee is less than one thousandth of the transaction amount. Low cost is the guarantee of success.
lever action
Leverage principle is the charm of futures investment. Futures market transactions do not need to pay all the funds, and domestic futures transactions only need to pay 5% margin to obtain future trading rights. Due to the use of margin, the original market has been enlarged ten times. Assuming that the daily limit of copper price closes on a certain day (the daily limit in futures is only 3% of the settlement price of the previous trading day), the operation is correct. The return on capital is as high as 60%(3%÷5%), which is six times the daily limit of the stock market. (You can make money only if you have the opportunity)