Long March-1 (code: CZ- 1/LM- 1) is a three-stage launch vehicle developed by China in the early 1970s, which was launched to launch China's first artificial earth satellite.

The first and second stages of Long March 1 adopt liquid fuel engines, and the third stage adopts solid fuel engines. The rocket was launched on1965; /kloc-0 was launched for the first time on April 24, 970, and successfully put Dongfanghong-1 into orbit; 197/kloc-0 was launched for the second time on March 3, and the scientific experimental satellite Shi Jian-1 was successfully put into orbit.

As the first generation launch vehicle developed by China, Long March-1 kicked off China's March into space, making China the fifth space power in the world to independently develop and launch artificial satellites.

Dongfanghong No.1 design

Dongfanghong-1 satellite consists of structure, temperature control, energy, Dongfanghong musical instrument, short-wave telemetry, tracking, antenna subsystem and attitude measurement. Its main task is to carry out satellite technology experiments to detect the density of ionosphere and atmosphere.

In order to ensure that Dongfanghong-1 satellite can enter the scheduled orbit, China trial-produced and installed a newly developed solid rocket in the third stage of Long March-1 rocket. Under the strong thrust of solid rocket, Dongfanghong-1 satellite entered the predetermined orbit according to the scheme design. It took only three years for China solid rocket to be successfully developed and launched.

Dongfanghong-1 satellite has a nearly spherical 72-sided body with a diameter of about 1m and a mass of 1.73kg. It adopts the spin attitude stabilization mode, with the rotation speed of 1.20 rpm, and its attitude is determined by the sun goniometer and infrared horizon.

Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Dongfanghong No.1