Since the beginning of the year, the number of illegal fund-raising cases in China has exploded, and cities in the province are also facing a severe situation. This year is the last year for the national, provincial and municipal levels to formulate the 20 1 1-20 15 Publicity and Education Work Plan for Preventing and Combating Illegal Fund Raising. What useful explorations have our city made in preventing and cracking down on illegal fund-raising crimes when the city officially launched the publicity month campaign against illegal fund-raising with the theme of "illegal fund-raising is not protected by law, and the risk of illegal fund-raising is at your own risk"?
Reporter: Preventing and cracking down on illegal fund-raising activities is related to economic development and social stability. Could you please introduce our work in this area?
Wang: In recent years, the folk work in our city has closely focused on the central work of the municipal party committee and the municipal government and the overall situation of the city's economic development. The starting point and end result of preventing and handling illegal fund-raising work is to maintain regional financial security and social stability. With colorful missionary activities and the creation of "three noes" as the carrier, it was curbed from the source and held the bottom line that no regional and systematic illegal fund-raising cases occurred. Taking strengthening risk investigation in key areas and cleaning up and rectifying advertising information suspected of illegal fund-raising as a breakthrough, we assisted other provinces and cities to do a good job in the aftermath of stakeholder cases, effectively eliminating social instability. Taking organizational construction as a breakthrough and consolidating the foundation of grassroots work as a starting point, we have achieved full coverage of urban and rural non-work and shifted the focus of work. Up to now, there have been no major cases of illegal fund-raising in the jurisdiction, and the non-work situation is stable. Ranked second in the province's non-comprehensive evaluation for two consecutive years.
Reporter: Illegal fund-raising has certain concealment. Please explain what illegal fund-raising is from a professional point of view. What are the characteristics and main manifestations of illegal fund-raising
Wang: Illegal fund-raising means that companies, enterprises, individuals or other organizations raise funds from the public or collectives through improper channels without approval and in violation of laws and regulations.
There are four main characteristics: 1, absorbing funds without the approval of relevant departments or borrowing legal business forms; 2. Publicize to the public through media, promotion meetings, leaflets, mobile phone messages, etc. 3. Promise to repay the principal and interest or pay the return in the form of money, kind, equity, etc. In a certain period of time; 4. Absorb funds from the public, that is, social unspecified objects.
Illegal fund-raising activities involve a wide range of contents and forms. Judging from the current crime situation, it mainly includes four categories: creditor's rights, equity, commodity marketing and production and operation. There are mainly the following forms:
1, illegally raising funds in the name of planting, breeding, project development, manor development, ecological and environmental protection investment, etc. 2. Illegal fund-raising in the name of issuing or disguised shares, bonds, lottery tickets, investment funds and other rights certificates or futures trading or pawn. 3. Illegal fund-raising by claiming shares and participating in dividends. 4. Illegally raise funds through membership cards, membership cards, seat cards, discount cards and consumer cards. 5. Illegal fund-raising by means of commodity sales and leaseback, repurchase and transfer, membership development, business alliance and "quick points method". 6, the use of private "societies", "societies" and other organizations or underground banks for illegal fund-raising. 7. The use of modern electronic network technology to build "electronic stores", "electronic department stores" and other "virtual" products to invest in entrusted operations, repurchase due and other illegal fund-raising activities. 8. Divide real estate, real estate and other assets equally, and illegally raise funds by selling their share disposal rights. 9. Illegal fund-raising in the form of signing commodity distribution contracts. 10, illegally raising funds in the form of pyramid schemes or secret series. 1 1. illegal fund-raising through the internet and other forms. 12, illegally raising funds in the form of "electronic gold investment".
Reporter: What are the common means of illegal fund-raising? How do ordinary people identify and prevent illegal fund-raising?
Wang: There are four common methods, 1, to promise high returns. In order to attract the broad masses to be deceived, criminals often fabricate the myth of "pie falling from the sky" and "getting rich overnight" and promise investors high returns by profiteering. In order to defraud more people to participate in fund-raising, illegal fund-raisers often promise to pay the principal and interest in full and on time at the initial stage of fund-raising, and then secretly transfer funds or abscond with money after the fund-raising reaches a certain scale, causing economic losses to fund-raising participants. 2. Fabricate false items. By registering legitimate companies or enterprises, criminals mostly fabricate false projects under the banner of responding to national industrial policies, supporting new rural construction and practicing "economic theory", promise high fixed income, and defraud public investment through registration contracts. Under the guise of entrusted financial management, some lawless elements deliberately confuse the concept of investment and financial management, confuse the public with new terms such as electronic gold, investment fund, online speculation and e-commerce, promise to stabilize high returns and deceive public investment. 3. Create momentum with false propaganda. In order to cheat the public's trust, criminals often spend a lot of money on publicity, by hiring celebrities to speak for them, publishing exclusive articles in famous newspapers, hiring people to distribute leaflets widely, and making social donations. , in order to increase publicity, create false momentum, cheat the public investment. Some lawless elements use cyberspace to build websites in different places or rent overseas servers to build websites. Some also spread false information through websites, blogs, forums and other online platforms and instant messaging tools such as QQ and MSN to defraud public investment. Once checked, the website will be closed quickly, and the following lines will abscond with money in the name of not operating according to the rules. 4. Deceive with affection. Criminals often use relatives, friends, fellow villagers and other relationships to lure the public to participate in investment with high returns. Some people involved in pyramid schemes, under the mental brainwashing or personal coercion of pyramid schemes, do not hesitate to use their family and geographical relations to attract relatives, friends, classmates or neighbors to join, so that participants spread rapidly and the scale of fund-raising continues to expand.
To prevent illegal fund-raising, we should recognize the essence and harm of illegal fund-raising, improve our ability to identify and consciously resist all kinds of temptations. Identifying illegal fund-raising activities mainly depends on whether the subject qualification is legal and whether the fund-raising activities are approved by relevant departments; Whether to raise funds from unspecified social objects; Whether to promise returns, illegal fund-raising behavior generally has the characteristics of promising a certain proportion of fund-raising returns; Whether to cover up the nature of illegal fund-raising in legal form. Illegal fund-raising is illegal, and the funds and related interests invested by those who participate in illegal fund-raising are not protected by law. Therefore, when some units or individuals peddle high-interest deposits, stocks, bonds, funds and development projects with high return on investment, they must carefully identify and invest cautiously.
Reporter: What is the current situation of cracking down on and preventing illegal fund-raising?
Wang: In recent years, the international and domestic economic and financial situation is complicated and changeable, the uncertainties of China's economic development are increasing, illegal fund-raising activities are on the rise, major cases are frequent, and the means are constantly being refurbished, showing a trend of infiltration from a single industry and a single field to multiple industries and fields, spreading from some areas to the whole country, and developing from home to abroad. The situation of illegal fund-raising is still complicated and severe.
On the one hand, due to the tight market liquidity, some domestic enterprises have difficulties in operating and the original capital chain is broken, and some illegal fund-raising cases may continue to be exposed. On the other hand, private capital is abundant and investment impulse is strong. In the upsurge of investment and financing in various places, the potential risks of illegal fund-raising have intensified. Some key industries, such as private equity investment and guarantee industry, have already had problems. For example, private lending in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, guarantee industry in Zhengzhou, Henan, Erdos real estate, Tianjin private equity fund, etc., have seriously affected the local social stability and financial order stability, and their risks are not only regional, but even likely to spread. Second, it involves many industries, including planting, breeding, forestry, real estate, hydropower, mining, commerce, logistics, chemical industry, manufacturing, finance, tourism, medicine, food, education, medical care and other industries. Third, most of the fund-raising subjects have legal status, organized behavior, intelligent means, networked means, and innovative forms of fund-raising, which are extremely deceptive. Fourth, the number of cases in which intermediaries participate in illegal fund-raising has increased, which has become an important promoter of illegal fund-raising activities. Major cases mainly occur in financing intermediaries such as private equity investment, real estate and guarantee. Fifth, the number of illegal fund-raising cases caused by private lending has increased.
Recently, illegal fund-raising activities are even more varied. First, in the name of pretending to be a private bank, the state supports private capital to initiate the policy of setting up financial institutions, falsely claiming that it has obtained or is applying for a private bank license, and selling original shares or absorbing deposits in the name of fictitious private banks. Second, non-financing guarantee enterprises illegally raise funds in the name of carrying out guarantee business, which mainly includes two aspects: one is to sell false wealth management products, and the other is that fictitious borrowers illegally absorb funds in the name of providing loan guarantees. Third, under the banner of overseas investment and high-tech development, fake or fictional internationally renowned companies set up websites and publish information on online sales of overseas funds, original shares, overseas listing and high-tech development. Fictitious stock listing appreciation prospects or promises high expected returns, tricking people into remitting funds into designated personal accounts, then closing the website and absconding with the money. Fourth, under the banner of "providing for the aged", there are two prominent forms: one is to lure the elderly to "invest in the partnership" in the name of investing in apartments for the aged and jointly providing for the aged in different places, with high returns and providing old-age services as bait; The second is to induce the elderly to invest by holding so-called health talks, free physical examinations, free travel, and distributing small gifts. The fifth is to illegally raise funds in the name of repurchasing collectibles at high prices. Using so-called collectibles such as worthless or low-priced commemorative coins, commemorative banknotes and stamps as tools, claiming that there is huge room for appreciation, promising to buy them back at a high price after the appointed time, luring people to buy them, and then absconding with the money. Sixth, illegal fund-raising in the name of P2P. That is, applying the innovative concept of Internet finance, building a so-called P2P peer-to-peer lending platform, taking high interest rates as bait, absorbing public funds by fictional borrowers and the use of funds, publishing false bidding information and other means, suddenly closing websites or absconding with money. Reporter: What are the main reasons why illegal fund-raising cases have a great impact on society? Wang: First, a strong profit-seeking mentality. Participants generally have an impetuous mentality of getting rich, dreaming of making money quickly and getting rich overnight. This mentality caters to the propaganda of "high return" and "Qian Shengqian interest rolling" advocated by criminals. Compared with going into business and investing in stocks, it is obviously more profitable. In addition, the early investment has paid off, the desire is inflated, the vigilance is relaxed, the mind is hot, and the awareness of prevention is reduced. They are willing to join the fund-raising army at the risk of losing money. The second is crazy blind obedience psychology. Some fund-raising participants are not rich, just seeing others make profits, or being encouraged, blindly following, or even borrowing money to participate, pinning their future on illusory promises of getting rich. The third is lucky speculation. Those who participate in fund-raising generally do not take the initiative to report the case. What's more, they even complained about the suspect, demanding that the public security organ release the suspect and let him continue to run the company, dreaming that he could return the fund-raising money as soon as possible. Some people have been cheated once, knowing that it is fraud, or holding a little luck, hoping that they are not the "last stick."
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