1, futures, usually refers to futures contracts, is a contract. A standardized contract made by a futures exchange to deliver a certain amount of subject matter at a specific time and place in the future. This subject matter, also known as the underlying asset, can be a commodity, such as copper or crude oil, a financial instrument, such as foreign exchange and bonds, or a financial indicator, such as three-month interbank offered rate or stock index. Futures trading is an inevitable product of the development of market economy to a certain stage.

2. Stock trading refers to the buying and selling of issued and listed stocks between stock investors at market prices. The place where shares are publicly transferred is the stock exchange first. At present, there are only two exchanges in Chinese mainland, namely Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange.