The concept of government-invested engineering projects The concept of "government-invested engineering projects" is a brand-new concept gradually developed with the reform of my country's economic system and political system. So far, not only does it not have an accurate definition in academic terms, but also in There are also few provisions in our country's laws and regulations.

In practice, "government investment projects" are also called "public financial investment projects" or "national construction projects".

The so-called "public financial investment projects" in a broad sense are projects constructed by "the government, in order to realize its functions, invest part of the centralized fiscal funds into all aspects of the social reproduction process"; in a narrow sense, they are projects constructed by "the government in order to ensure social reproduction"

For the smooth progress of the project, funds will be invested in the reproduction of fixed assets and working capital according to the minimum limit.

"Public financial investment projects" are generally also called "fiscal infrastructure capital investment projects", which refer to "projects approved by government functional departments and invested or partially invested by various types of fiscal infrastructure funds. Finance

Funds for capital construction include: 1. Capital construction funds within the fiscal budget; 2. Funds used for capital construction projects from other expenditures within the fiscal budget; 3. Funds included in the special funds for fiscal budget management for capital construction projects;

4. Funds used for capital construction projects in extra-budgetary funds; 5. Other fiscal capital construction funds. "The so-called "national construction projects" refer to "mainly investment or financing of state-owned assets (that is, holding a controlling or dominant position).

"Basic construction projects and technological transformation projects." Based on the above concepts, some scholars and functional departments define "government investment projects" as "government investment projects to promote the development of the national economy or regional economy and meet the needs of social welfare."

"Fixed asset investment projects with fiscal funds as the source of funds", or "investment projects with governments at all levels as the main body of construction" mainly include: investment projects with internal and external budgetary funds (including government bond funds); national sovereign foreign debt funds.

Projects; projects using various special construction funds; other government investment projects stipulated by laws, regulations and the people's government at the same level. Although the above two definitions have revealed the main connotation of "government investment projects", they are not systematic and accurate enough.

The author believes that: the so-called government investment projects refer to administrative and public projects that are led by the government, aimed at meeting the needs of the public, with public property and public facilities and public property as the content, and built through state-owned asset investment or financing.

Public and publicly owned projects.

The key points are as follows: First, government investment projects are government-led.

The so-called "leading" is explained in "Modern Chinese Dictionary" as "main and guiding things to develop in a certain direction."

In other words, the government plays a decisive role in the operation of government investment projects and guides the development direction of the projects.

There are many entities involved in investment projects, the most important of which are construction entities, investment entities, design entities, construction entities, etc. It is these entities that constitute the entire process of investment project construction. Depending on the management methods of investment projects, these entities

Sometimes they are unified, but more often they are relatively independent.

Generally speaking, the government is mostly the construction and investment body of the project. At this time, the government's leading role in the investment project is obvious and unquestionable.

However, with the deepening of the reform of the political and economic system, the government often no longer directly invests funds in projects or invests small amounts of funds. Instead, it appears as a builder and transfers the operation of the project while ensuring ownership of the project.

management rights to attract construction funds, so that the construction subjects and investment subjects of government investment projects become independent of each other.

In this case, for the project itself, the government, as the main body of construction, has a more dominant role than the main body of investment in the project, because it decides whether to carry out the construction of the project, how to carry out the construction of the project, and who will specifically organize the project.

Construction is the starting point of investment project construction. It controls the entire process of investment project construction. Without the government, other project entities are impossible to discuss.

Second, the ultimate goal of government investment projects is to meet the needs of the public.

The reason why the government plays a leading role in government investment projects is determined by the government's public management functions.

The government's public service management function originates from social public service needs. In essence, the government provides corresponding services according to the objective needs of the public, minimizes negative social externalities, expands positive social externalities, and enables everyone to

The function of maximizing the personal welfare of each member of society and maximizing the overall welfare of society.

From the perspective of manifestation, one of the main contents of the government's performance of public management functions is to organize forces to carry out national defense and military construction, infrastructure construction and major scientific and technological research and development. This is what we call the construction of government-invested projects, and the construction of these projects

It is bound to meet the needs of the public and increase public welfare as the fundamental purpose.

Third, government investment projects are constructed by the government through state-owned asset investment or financing.

In the definition of government investment projects mentioned above, "capital" is defined as "funds", and it is believed that the so-called "investment" of government investment refers to the direct investment of fiscal funds by the government.

The author believes that this is a narrow understanding of investment.