Special financial account refers to a series of accounts set up by the financial department in the bank in order to effectively manage and supervise government non-tax revenue funds. These accounts cover the revenue and expenditure management of extra-budgetary funds, social security funds, national debt funds, comprehensive agricultural development funds and food risk funds. Their main function is to realize the unified accounting and centralized control of these funds, and to ensure the standardized and transparent collection and disbursement process of funds.

according to the nature of funds, the types of special financial accounts can be divided into special expenditures, social insurance funds, non-tax revenue collection and loans and grants from foreign governments and international financial organizations. The establishment of financial accounts needs to be approved by the official documents of the financial departments of the State Council or provincial governments. For example, the establishment of financial accounts of social insurance funds is based on the Social Insurance Law.

In the past management methods, extra-budgetary funds were managed by separate lines of revenue and expenditure through special financial accounts, in order to strengthen its standardization and transparency. However, with the inclusion of extra-budgetary funds in the budget management system in 21, the function of special financial account for extra-budgetary funds has been gradually replaced, and now it is no longer the main management tool, and it has become a historical relic together with extra-budgetary funds.