Mainly based on agriculture, the industrial base is weak. As one of the least developed countries in the world, China has implemented reform and opening up since 1986, adjusted its economic structure, that is, combined agriculture and forestry, combined industry and service industry, giving priority to the development of agriculture and forestry; Cancel the highly centralized economic management system, switch to the commercial accounting system, implement the economic policy of coexistence of various ownership systems, gradually improve the market economic mechanism, and strive to turn the natural and semi-natural economy into a commodity economy; Open to the outside world, promulgate the foreign investment law and improve the investment environment; Expand foreign economic ties and strive to introduce more capital, advanced technology and management methods. From 199 1 to 1996, the national economy grew at an average annual rate of 7%. After 1997, Laos' economy was severely impacted by the Asian financial crisis. The Lao government has basically maintained social stability and economic stability by strengthening macro-control, rectifying financial order and developing agricultural production. From 200 1 to 2006, the economy of Laos grew at an average annual rate of 6.8%. From 2006 to 20 10, Laos' economy grew at an average annual rate of 7.9%. Gross domestic product: 634 1 billion USD (20 10 year).

Per capita GDP: 984 USD (20 10)

resources

There are also tin, lead, potassium, copper, iron, gold, gypsum, coal, salt and other mineral deposits. So far, tin, gypsum, potassium, salt and coal have been mined in small quantities. Water resources are abundant. The forest area is about 9 million hectares, and the national forest coverage rate is about 42%, producing teak, rosewood and other precious wood.

industry

In 2005, the total industrial output value was about 448.6 billion kip. The main industrial enterprises are power generation, sawing, mining, ironmaking, cement, clothing, food, beer, pharmacy, small repair shops and weaving, bamboo and wood processing workshops. The employed population is about 654.38 million, accounting for 4.2% of the total labor force. The output of major industrial products in recent years is as follows: projects in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007.

Electricity (100 million kWh) 365,438+0.79 33.47 3438+0 36.06 34.74

Plywood (ten thousand sheets)155130132 76.5 95.2

Salt (ten thousand tons) 2.2 2.5 1.9 2.0 2.49

Cigarettes (million boxes) 68841041kloc-0/6124

Beer (ten thousand liters) 7020 8270 92701058812088

Cloth (ten thousand meters)120135145163178

Cement (ten thousand tons) 28 28.2 40 50.8 52.7

(Source: Lao Statistical Yearbook in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007)

agriculture

The agricultural population accounts for about 90% of the national population. The total agricultural output in 2005 was about 682.3 billion kip. Crops mainly include rice, corn, potatoes, coffee, tobacco leaves, peanuts, cotton and so on. China's cultivated land area is about 747,000 hectares. The output of major agricultural products in recent years is as follows: (unit: 10,000 tons) Project in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007.

Paddy 237 253 256 266 27 1

Corn 14.3 20.3 44.9 37.2 69

Potato1517.518.438+0 28.435.9

Vegetables 66.2 67 74.4 66.2 73.4

Peanut1.601.24 2.69 2.76 3.5

Tobacco 2.57 3.30 2.812.46 4.15

Cotton 0.18 0.220 0.23 0.27

Coffee 2.22 2.3 1 2.50 2.52 3.32

Laos log vase

The land of gold Lao people often refer to the place where their ancestors lived as "the land of gold" (the kingdom of rice fields and fish ponds). It is said that this land is rich in gold, and people gamble and fight cocks with gold bars, so it is called the land of gold. Ancient Indians once thought that this land was rich in gold. This view has certain credibility, because the old name of Luang Prabang, the ancient capital of Laos, is Xiangtong, which means "Jincheng". National flag: the parallel rectangle in the middle of the flag surface is blue, accounting for half of the flag surface area, and the upper and lower rectangles are red, each accounting for a quarter of the flag surface area. There is a white round wheel in the middle of the blue part, and the diameter of the wheel is four-fifths of the width of the blue part. Blue symbolizes wealth, red symbolizes revolution, and white wheels represent the full moon. This flag was originally the flag of Lao Patriotic Front. National emblem: round, with symbolic patterns on the surface, decorated by two strings of rice ears: the Great Buddha Pagoda is a famous monument and a symbol of Laos; Gear, barrage, forest and field symbolize industry, water power and forestry respectively; The ear of rice symbolizes agriculture. The ribbons on both sides read "peace, independence, democracy, unity and prosperity", and the ribbon at the bottom reads "Lao People's Democratic Republic".

service industry

The service industry in Laos has a weak foundation and started late. Since the reform and opening up, Laos' service industry has made great progress. In recent years, the output value of service industry and its proportion in the gross national product are as follows (unit: billion kip): projects in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007.

Output value 3379 3625 3869 4 154 53450

The proportion of GDP is 25% 25.5% 25.2% 25.4% 3 1%.

foreign trade

Laos has trade relations with more than 50 countries and regions, signed trade agreements with 19 countries, and 35 countries (regions) such as China, Japan, South Korea, Russia, Australia, New Zealand, EU, Switzerland and Canada provide preferential tariff treatment to Laos. The main foreign trade targets are Thailand, Viet Nam and other ASEAN countries, China, Japan, the European Union, the United States and Canada. The trade import and export data in recent years are as follows (unit: US$ 1 billion): Project in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007.

Export value 3.5 1 3.74 4.55 8.78 9.25

Import value 5.56 5.616.86 9.319.16.

Difference-2.05-1.87 2.31-0.5+0.09

(Source: same as above) The newly revised Foreign Investment Law promulgated by the Lao National Assembly1April 2, 1994/KLOC-0 stipulates that the government will not interfere in the affairs of foreign-funded enterprises and allow them to remit the profits they earn; Foreign businessmen can establish wholly-owned enterprises and joint ventures in Laos, and the state will not tax foreign-funded enterprises for the first five years. In 2004, Laos continued to supplement and improve the foreign investment law and relax the mining investment policy. In 2006, Laos attracted US$ 2.7 billion in foreign investment, more than doubling the same period last year. In 2009, Laos approved 208 foreign investment projects with an agreed amount of 4.3 billion US dollars. Major investment countries include China, Thailand, Viet Nam, South Korea, the United States and Australia. Foreign aid 199 1 year ~ 1996 * * foreign aid received was about10.34 billion USD, with an average annual amount of 223 million USD. In 2006, it received about $400 million in foreign aid. In 2009, it received about $560 million in foreign aid. The main donor countries and organizations are: Japan, Sweden, Australia, France, China, the United States, Germany, Norway, Thailand and the Asian Development Bank, the United Nations Development Programme, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Foreign aid is mainly used for infrastructure projects such as roads, bridges, docks, hydropower stations, communications and water conservancy facilities. People's livelihood implements a low-wage system, and employees can receive 80% of the basic salary after retirement. Medical and health services have developed year by year, and state employees and ordinary residents enjoy free medical care. The average life expectancy of Laos is about 60 years. By the end of 2006, there were 726 hospitals 15 1 and health stations in China. There are 6,736 hospital beds, with doctors 1. 1 10,000 people, with an average of 527 people having a doctor.

Edit this part of the transport.

There is no sea port, and it is mainly transported by road, waterway, railway and air. The Mekong River can be navigable through a section with a load of 20-200 tons. The transportation situation is as follows:

aviation

Beijing capital international airport

Air transport: There are seven international air routes: Vientiane-Xishuangbanna, Vientiane-Kunming, Vientiane-Bangkok, Vientiane-Chiang Mai, Vientiane-Hanoi, Vientiane-Ho Chi Minh City, Vientiane-Phnom Penh and Vientiane-Siem Reap. Passenger traffic is 4 1 10,000 passengers, and freight volume is 700 tons. Vientiane Wadai Airport, Luang Prabang Airport and Pakse Airport are international airports. The aviation industry in Laos is not very developed, and there are no intercontinental routes so far. China has three international airports, namely Luang Prabang and Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. Vientiane has routes from China, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam; Chambas with the Cambodian route. At present, there are only flights from Kunming to Vientiane in China. Lao Airlines and China Eastern Airlines operate this route with daily flights. Laos departure tax of $65,438+00 has been included in the ticket price, and no additional payment is required at the airport. There are many ticket outlets in major tourist cities such as Luang Prabang, Wanrong and Vientiane, so it is very convenient to buy tickets.

highway

The total length is 3386 1km, with 34.88 million passengers and 2.592 million tons of freight. The whole Laos is at a 45-degree angle, so most tourists take long-distance buses to play one stop at a time. The international long-distance shuttle bus from Kunming, China tries to reach Vientiane, Laos, passing through Mengla and Mohan (ports) in China and Luang Prabang and Wanrong in Laos. Depart from Kunming Nanyao Bus Station and the international bus station next to Kunming Railway Station at 5-6 pm every day. It takes 24 hours to Luang Prabang, 32 hours to Wanrong and 36 hours to Vientiane. The international long-distance shuttle bus in Thailand Corridor can reach Vientiane, Laos in 90 minutes, and there are several shuttle buses every day. The long-distance shuttle bus in Laos tourist cities is also very developed. Usually, there are VIP buses specially for travelers. The facilities are better than local buses, and there are no passengers on the road. The price is about 50% more expensive than the local bus.

water transportation

There are many dangerous beaches in the Mekong River, and the reach from Vientiane to Binham River mouth is navigable all the year round. During the flood, ferries can be traced from Vientiane to Luang Prabang. Small motorboats can also be used in the lower reaches of the Nanwujiang River. Most other rivers can only pass through small wooden boats. The inland waterway is 4,600 kilometers long, with 6,543,800 passengers and 6,265,438 tons of freight. There are no passenger ships sailing in Laos, and ferries in some parts of China are still busy. Tourists are most familiar with the ferries between Huasai and nong khai in Luang Prabang and between Si Qian Island and Pakse.

railway

On March 5, 2009, the first railway was completed (Laos to Thailand), thus ending the history of Laos without railways.