With the rapid development of science and technology in China today, the pace of urban development is gradually accelerating, and almost every household has its own car. In this case, although it provides convenience for people to travel, it increases the traffic pressure in the city, making the city often encounter traffic jams and other problems, which seriously reduces the travel efficiency of urban people. Faced with this situation, in order to improve this situation, automobile manufacturers began to try to study self-driving cars, and strive to record all the real-time road conditions, the real-time position of each car and other information data in the network through car networking technology, and then comprehensively consider the driving situation of each car and arrange the driving route of the car reasonably, so as to effectively avoid the development of traffic jams, traffic accidents and other situations and ensure the safety and reliability of the car during driving. Generally speaking, autonomous driving technology mainly includes cameras, radar sensors, laser rangefinders and other equipment. Through these devices, we can accurately understand the traffic conditions around the road surface, and summarize the learned data information to automatically form a detailed map. In this case, you can navigate the road ahead to ensure that the car will not encounter traffic jams on the way. The proposal of autonomous driving technology is a new direction for the development of China automobile industry, and its significance is self-evident.

20 1 1 HQ3 developed by National University of Defense Science and Technology and FAW completed the entire unmanned experiment of Changsha-Wuhan Expressway for the first time, with an average speed of 87 km/h; On October 20 16, 165438+ 10, the U.S. Department of Transportation announced the "Pilot Program for Autopilot Test Sites", and 10 autopilot test sites were established on October 20 17 and 19. 20 17 On September 20th, Baidu held the open technology conference of intelligent driving platform Apollo 1.5. At the conference, Baidu announced the "Hundred Flowers Project" of Apollo Fund, which will invest 100 billion yuan in three years and complete the investment of more than 100 projects. Robby robot was started in Boston on March 20 17, selected for YC summer project in April, and hatched in YC from June to August. Robby robots have been delivered more than 50 times on the campus of Stanford University; On the evening of 2018,65438+10.30 Beijing time, the silicon valley robot company Nuro announced the launch of the Level4 automatic unmanned delivery vehicle. All the above examples show that autonomous driving is getting more and more attention, and the related driverless technology is becoming more and more mature.

According to the current international standards, autonomous driving technology is divided into six levels. At present, there are several companies that can realize L3 autopilot, such as Google, Tesla, Audi, URBER and Baidu. Most autopilot systems still stay in assisted driving.

Automatic driving level classification

Second, the analysis of the development status of the autonomous driving industry

In addition to strengthening cooperation among traditional automobile manufacturers, parts manufacturers and Internet technology companies, the investment in the field of autonomous driving remains undiminished. From 2065438 to June 2008, Ma Xiao Zhixing has obtained two rounds of financing with hundreds of millions of dollars, totaling 2140,000 dollars, which is the largest financing scale for domestic autonomous driving enterprises. 2065438+May 2008, Cruise, an autonomous driving company owned by General Motors, received an investment of 2.25 billion US dollars from Softbank Vision Fund, and General Motors made an additional investment of1/kloc-0.50 billion US dollars to develop autonomous driving technology and commercialize it. At present, the valuation of Cruise has reached11500 million, which is close to one fifth of the general valuation. General Motors is considering listing Cruise independently.

Due to the complexity and diversity of technologies in the field of autonomous driving, involving many fields, the related investment amount is huge, the research and development test time is long, and the cost is huge. Few companies can afford it alone. In the future, joint investment and cooperative development will remain the main trends.

In 20 17, Google Waymo continued to maintain its leading position in the field of autonomous driving, slightly ahead of its competitors with a test distance of 352,545 miles and 0. 18 human interventions per thousand miles, which was higher than the previous year's 0.2 human interventions per thousand miles. Cruise ranks second with 0.84 human interventions per thousand miles. In 20 17, Baidu made great progress in the field of autonomous driving, with 22.06 manual interventions per thousand miles. Bosch and Mercedes-Benz came last. Tesla handed in a blank sheet of paper on 20 17 because a large number of vehicle users were collecting data. Tesla needs 330 human interventions every thousand miles, which is far from the goal of fully automatic driving. 20 17 since June of 10, Tesla has been equipped with L3 autopilot system in new production models. As the world's first L3-class self-driving mass production model, Audi A8 is enough to show Audi's extraordinary achievements in the field of self-driving.

It is predicted that in 2035, self-driving cars will become the mainstream of new car sales, and self-driving will have a far-reaching impact on human travel patterns, and the global market scale of self-driving cars will continue to grow. It is estimated that the market scale from 20 19 to 20021year will be 5.4 billion US dollars, 66.5438 billion US dollars and 7 billion US dollars respectively.