General program is a kind of project with the largest number of projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation and the widest subject coverage, and the general program funds account for more than 45% of the total funds of various projects. General projects support scientific and technological workers to choose topics freely and carry out innovative scientific research within the scope of funding from the National Natural Science Foundation. The National Natural Science Foundation of China publishes the National Natural Science Foundation Project Guide every year, and puts forward the application guide such as the scope of funding and matters needing attention in application.
Second, key projects
Key projects support scientific and technological workers to combine the needs of the country, grasp the frontier of world science, and carry out in-depth and systematic innovative research in view of important research fields or new discipline growth points with good foundation and accumulation in China. Key projects reflect the principle of limited goals, limited scale and prominent focus, and give high-intensity support. Determine the research fields for accepting applications, and issue a guide to guide applications every year.
Three. piece de resistance
Major projects carry out interdisciplinary and comprehensive research on major scientific problems that need to be solved urgently in national economic and social development, and generally consist of 4-5 research topics. Major projects are organized and implemented by unified planning, batch project approval, guidance, directional declaration, peer review, item-by-item demonstration, dynamic management and expert acceptance.
Fourth, major research plans
Major research plans focus on core scientific issues, integrating projects with different academic backgrounds, different academic ideas and different funding intensities, forming a unified project group, implementing relatively long-term support, and promoting interdisciplinary research. Under the framework of national science and technology development strategy, it forms a complementary relationship with other countries' science and technology plans, and promotes the improvement of China's scientific and technological sustainable innovation ability. The establishment of major research plans shall be reviewed and approved by the Committee meeting on the basis of expert suggestions and full argumentation. After the project is approved, an expert steering group and a joint working group will be set up to organize and manage the implementation of major research plans under the direct guidance of the leaders in charge of the Committee, and issue a nationwide guide to guide the declaration.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) joint fund project
In order to promote the connection between knowledge innovation and technological innovation, guide multiple inputs, promote the enjoyment of resources and promote multi-party cooperation, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and other government departments, enterprises and research institutions jointly funded the establishment of joint funds or joint funded projects to fund basic research in certain specific fields. Co-funding is a project management model based on the Natural Science Foundation, which faces the whole country, issues guidelines to the society and guides applications.
International (regional) cooperative research project on intransitive verbs
In order to encourage scientists to participate in international cooperation and competition extensively, and improve the level of scientific and technological innovation, the Natural Science Foundation actively supports the substantive cooperation research invested by both sides, and has established a multi-level, multi-channel and all-round international cooperation pattern. Encourage and support scientists to organize and implement major international cooperative research, selectively participate in the cooperation of major international research plans and major scientific projects, strive to strengthen cooperative research under bilateral and multilateral agreements, and pay attention to accelerating the cultivation of domestic talents and the utilization of foreign intellectual resources through cooperation, so as to promote the high-quality completion of funded projects and improve the level of basic research in China and its popularity in the international scientific and technological field. ● Major international (regional) cooperative research projects
Bilateral (multilateral) international cooperation research agreement project
● Cooperative research projects between overseas and Hong Kong and Macao scholars.
Talent engineering series
I. Youth Science Fund
The purpose of this fund is to promote the growth of young scientific and technological workers and cultivate and bring up outstanding young scientific and technological talents with development potential. Its orientation is to stabilize the young scientific research team, train successors, support independent scientific research, stimulate innovative thinking and continuously enhance the innovative ability of young talents. The age of the applicant is limited to men under 35 and women under 40.
Two. National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (including foreigners)
In order to promote the growth of young scientific and technological talents, encourage and attract overseas scholars and overseas students to return to work, and speed up the training of a number of outstanding academic leaders who have entered the forefront of world science and technology, the National Science Fund for Outstanding Young Scholars 1994 was established with the approval of the State Council. The Fund supports outstanding young scholars under the age of 45 at home and abroad who are about to return to work to engage in basic research in natural science in Chinese mainland. In 2005, the National Science Fund for Outstanding Young Scholars (foreign) was launched, aiming at giving full play to the advantages of overseas scientific and technological talents and supporting foreign Chinese young scholars under 45 with high academic level and good development potential to engage in full-time basic research in natural science in China.
Three, innovative research group science fund
The Science Fund for Innovative Research Groups is established to stably support the frontier research of basic science, create an environment conducive to innovation, and cultivate and bring up innovative talents and groups. The fund supports domestic research groups with outstanding scientists as academic leaders and young and middle-aged scientists as the backbone to carry out basic research in China around an important research direction. The funded innovative research groups should be natural research groups formed in long-term cooperation, have certain academic advantages among domestic peers, have outstanding research achievements, or are active in the forefront of a certain basic research field, and have obvious innovation potential.
Four, the national basic science talent training fund
The National Basic Science Talent Training Fund is mainly used to support the construction of the National Basic Science Research and Teaching Talent Training Base (hereinafter referred to as the scientific base) and improve the scientific research ability of undergraduates, promote the combination of scientific research and education, and cultivate reserve talents for basic research. It mainly includes: conditional construction projects, undergraduate research ability improvement projects and biology, the construction and operation of geoscience field practice bases, and the training of key teachers. At the same time, appropriate funding for the training of special disciplines such as paleontology and animal and plant classification.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) regional science fund
The main purpose of the regional science fund is to strengthen the support for scientific and technological workers in some remote areas, ethnic minority areas and other areas with weak scientific research foundation, stabilize, attract and train scientific and technological talents in these areas, train and unite outstanding talents, support them to participate in exploration, and serve regional coordinated development and national innovation system construction. At present, there are 10 provinces, autonomous regions and Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Tibet, Guangxi, Hainan, Guizhou, Jiangxi and Yunnan. I. International cooperation and exchange projects
National cooperation and exchange projects have created a good environment and conditions for scientists undertaking natural science foundation projects to participate in international cooperation and exchange extensively. At present, it has established cooperation and exchange relations with 66 science foundation organizations and research institutions in 36 countries and regions. Efforts should be made to create a good cooperation environment in expanding cooperation channels, cooperation methods and financial mechanisms, mainly including the following types:
● General international (regional) cooperative research projects
● Holding international academic conferences in China.
● Special lectures for short-term returned overseas students.
In addition, the Sino-German Science Center established in 2000 with the German Research Federation (DFG) has created favorable conditions for promoting cooperation and exchanges between the two sides in the field of natural science.
Two. Special fund project for basic research of scientific instruments
The special fund project for basic research of scientific instruments mainly supports the innovative development and improvement of important scientific instruments or experimental devices urgently needed in the frontier research of basic science, as well as the research on basic scientific problems in the development of innovative scientific instruments.
III. Key academic journals
Key academic journals strive to build China academic journals with international brands and enhance the international influence of China academic journals. The project accepts applications for even years.
Four, popular science, youth science and technology activities and other special projects
Popular science projects popularize and disseminate basic research results for the society, further enhance public understanding and improve scientific literacy; The purpose of funding young people's scientific and technological activities is to cultivate young people's interest in exploration and innovative consciousness, and to create a good growth environment.