2. Under atmospheric pressure, the melting point of Fe(CO)5 is about -20℃, the boiling point is about 103.6℃, the flash point is-15℃ (closed cup), and the critical temperature is about 286℃. The viscosity is 75.5 centipoise at 20.65438 0℃. There is no obvious decomposition below 100℃, about 1% decomposition at130℃, and about 3.3% weak decomposition at 140℃- 160℃.
3.Fe(CO)5 is completely dissolved in gasoline, benzene, tetrachloronaphthalene, benzaldehyde, acetone, benzene bromide, benzene dichloride and other solutions. 1, when the spark starts from-15℃, the mixture of carbonyl vapor and air will burn and spontaneously ignite at 34℃ (also reported as 60℃) under appropriate conditions.
2.Fe(CO)5 is quite active, and it is easy to form hydrogenated carbonyl H2Fe(CO)4 and its metal salts Na2Fe(CO)4, halogenated carbonyl Fe(CO)4I2, nitroscarbonyl Fe(CO)2(NO)2, chlorinated carbonyl Fe(CO)3(CH3OH), cyclopentadienyl carbonyl [c5h5
3.Fe(CO)5 has good photochemical properties. Under the action of light, Fe(CO)5 decomposes to form Fe2(CO)9.
4. When heated to 140℃, Fe(CO)5 is easily oxidized to form Fe2O3 (ferrite).
5. According to the critical temperature of Fe(CO)5, the most important application of Fe(CO)5 is pyrolysis of Fe(CO)5 at atmospheric pressure and temperature of 250℃-300℃, which is the most basic method for industrial production of carbonyl iron powder.
Applications of Fe(CO)5: preparation of micro and nano carbonyl iron powder by pyrolysis, preparation of nano iron oxide powder by dry method, nano magnetic film, fiber, iron nonacarbonyl (Fe2(CO)9), gasoline antiknock agent, flame retardant, catalyst, workpiece surface coating, lithography mask, antibiotics, etc.
6.Fe(CO)5 can be used to prepare bimetallic clusters, and it can also be used as a raw material to prepare polynuclear carbonyl iron clusters. Iron pentacarbonyl is an active compound that can easily cause systemic poisoning. Its toxicity is similar to that of nickel carbonyl, but lower than that of nickel carbonyl. Because iron pentacarbonyl is volatile at room temperature, its vapor is heavier than air and accumulates in the lower air, which is easy to cause poisoning through the respiratory tract. Iron pentacarbonyl is not only weak in water solubility, but also good in fat solubility, so it has the ability to invade the body through harmless skin.
According to the results of iron pentacarbonyl toxicity test in Health Institute of China Academy of Medical Sciences, from the animal poisoning manifestations and pathological changes, iron pentacarbonyl can cause poisoning through respiratory tract, oral gavage and skin mucosa. The main manifestations are respiratory system, digestive system disorders and liver damage, and poisoning symptoms include dyspnea, cyanosis, craniocerebral shock and quadriplegia. But whether it also affects the blood function of liver and kidney needs further study.
The LD50 concentration of iron pentacarbonyl in mice was 0.42 0.05 mg/L, that of guinea pigs was 5.0 65438 0.6 mg/L, and that of domestic animals was 6.65438 0 mg/L..