Accompanied by this, the scale of "basic people" is getting bigger and bigger, but many basic people still have little knowledge of the fund. After the ups and downs of bull-bear conversion, how to choose a fund among tens of thousands of fund products? How to choose a fund manager among more than 2000 fund managers? How to make money in 2023 has become the most concerned topic for citizens.
In fact, we don't have a magic weapon to win by surprise. What we do is to help people understand the fund itself and choose the right fund manager, so as to reduce the risk to a certain extent and improve the possibility of obtaining income.
The base population is growing, and many base people still know little about the fund.
On 20/0/8, Ji Min Lihua entered the fund market under the recommendation of the bank financial advisor. At that time, she bought a three-year closed-end fund managed by a new generation of star fund managers, and the fund's income was gratifying. At the peak of 202 1, the yield is close to 50%, and the yield is around 30% until the closure period ends and exits in 2022.
According to his description, he bought it twice and basically put all his spare money into the fund. But why did you buy this fund? Which company does the fund belong to? Who is the current fund manager? What kind of fund product is it? What is the risk level? Li Hua's answer is that I don't know, I don't know.
In fact, there are many investors like Lihua. They don't know the operation behind the fund products. They only know that this is a wealth management product, which can make money for themselves like bank deposits.
In recent years, the scale of Public Offering of Fund has been expanding, and it has become a part of most people's financial management. In 2007, the net asset value of Public Offering of Fund in China exceeded one trillion yuan; In 20 17 years, this data exceeded 10 trillion yuan; In 2020, the scale of fund public offering exceeded 20 trillion yuan, and in 2022, the scale of fund public offering once exceeded 27 trillion yuan.
At the same time, the group of "basic people" is also growing. According to the data released by China Securities Association, by the end of 20021,the basic number of people in China had reached 720 million.
Therefore, the fund issue has frequently become a hot topic.
It is worth noting that Shell Finance reporter learned from the communication with people around him that many older investors have strayed into the fund market, and many young investors have been in the market for two or three years, and they still know little about the fund, mostly buying online celebrity funds recommended by third-party platforms.
Fortunately, the fund recommended by the bank consultant to Ji Min Lihua took advantage of the market of 2019,2020,2021,so the income was quite good. As Lihua said, "I don't know what the risks are." Anyway, the bank financial planner has been recommending it to make money, so I bought it. Looking at it now, it is still making money and the yield is not bad. "
In the bull market, basically, fund companies and fund products can make money, so fund companies, consignment agencies and investors are happy. However, under the background of bull-bear conversion and poor market conditions, we may learn more basic fund knowledge and have our own judgment on the basis of following the advice of financial consultants.
Fund investment should understand the products invested and choose the one that suits you.
For ordinary citizens, the most basic premise is not to borrow money to invest, but to invest with their own spare money. At the same time, when investing, we should pay attention to combining our own risk preferences, choose the fund products that suit us, diversify our investments, and don't put eggs in the same basket. You should know that buying a fund is at risk of principal loss.
How to buy funds according to your risk preference? This requires understanding different types of funds. According to the investment target, Public Offering of Fund can be divided into four types: currency type, stock type, bond type and mixed type. In addition, it also includes some funds with special investment objectives, such as FOF and Reits.
Money fund refers to the fund whose raised funds are mainly invested in money market instruments (bank agreement deposits, large deposit certificates, short-term bonds, etc.). The money fund is also a product similar to Yu 'ebao that we usually contact, with low yield and low risk.
Equity funds mainly invest in stocks, and more than 80% of the raised funds are invested in the stock market; Bond types are mainly bonds, and more than 80% of fund assets are invested in the bond market; Hybrid is that the assets of the fund are more flexible and can invest in stocks, bonds and money market instruments.
Generally speaking, fund products are divided into at least five grades: R 1, R2, R3, R4 and R5. Among them, R 1 is low risk, mainly money market funds, R2 is medium and low risk, mainly bond funds, and equity funds and hybrid funds are mainly R3 and R4, namely medium risk and medium and high risk.
Generally speaking, the greater the expected return, the greater the risk to be taken. The returns and risks of stock funds, hybrid funds, bond funds and monetary funds are basically decreasing.
For the vast majority of novice investors, many insiders suggest that they can directly choose CSI 500, CSI 300 and other broad index funds to invest. Because the broad-based index has extremely low requirements for selecting bases, it is suitable for medium and long-term investment. In addition, investing in broad-based funds is equivalent to investing in the National Games index. As long as investors believe that China's economic situation will continue to grow healthily for a long time, the income of Kuanji Fund will increase accordingly.
According to institutional data, in the long run, investing in broad-based index funds with annualized rate of return 10% is a high probability event.
For ordinary investors with certain requirements, sector ETF (transactional open index fund) is also a unanimously recommended product in the industry. It is understood that ETF funds are a combination of stocks, and their relatively broad index funds are more flexible and investment-oriented, but this requires a certain judgment on the market and macro policies. Once you choose the right track, the benefits are relatively considerable.
In short, conservative or cautious investors are advised to buy money funds or bond funds; Investors with higher risk tolerance, including balanced investors, active investors or radical investors, can allocate funds with higher risks according to their actual conditions.
One in a million, how to choose the fund manager and product that suits you best?
The so-called fund is usually understood as spending money to hire professionals to stocks. However, at present, there are more than 1 10,000 Public Offering of Fund products on the market, and there are more than 2,000 fund managers. How to choose the most suitable fund from more than 10 thousand funds? How to choose the best one from more than 2,000 fund managers?
In the past two years, fund managers have become "rice circles", and many people are keen to invest in champion fund managers and star fund managers. However, the champion curse is often difficult to break, and the sustainability of champion funds is still a problem. Many times, the top champion fund managers in the previous year may not perform particularly well in the next year.
Usually, almost all fund companies in a bull market can make money, but once they encounter cyclical changes and bear markets, the ability of fund managers to cross bulls and bears can be seen. Many people in the industry said in an interview with Shell Finance reporter that idolize fund managers should be based on rationality and understanding, rather than making quick money, otherwise it is often counterproductive.
Generally speaking, to buy a fund, you should choose a reliable fund company with sustained and stable performance and steady development. At the same time, to buy stock funds, we should look for funds with excellent fund managers at the helm.
At present, the market mainly judges fund managers from three angles. First, historical performance, look at the historical income and withdrawal of the fund in charge, and understand the ability circle of the fund manager; Second, the investment style, the investment style of excellent fund managers is often very stable, and will not change the investment style at will with the changes of the market; Third, the scale of fund management, people's energy is limited, when the fund scale is too large, investors need to be vigilant.
Judging from the specific fund investment, people in the industry generally believe that the fund is an effective tool for long-term financial management, and it is safer to invest for at least half a year.
As far as buying methods are concerned, "fixed investment" buying is the unanimous view of the market. On the one hand, it is difficult for us to select high-quality funds in the first place. On the other hand, it is difficult to accurately grasp the time of fund purchase. Buying in batches can reduce the cost of holding positions and reduce risks.
Long-term investment and value investment are also the investment ideas advocated by the market. The historical data of many institutions also show that holding funds for a long time is still a method with high winning rate. Take the common stock fund index as an example, assuming that it is held for half a year, 1 year, the loss probability is higher, while the loss probability is lower for five years.
In addition, most timing transactions are difficult to generate excess returns, and long-term frequent operations will only make the purchase and redemption costs erode the return on investment. Generally, holding a fund for less than 7 days requires a punitive redemption fee of 1.5%. The longer the holding time, the lower the redemption fee. If it exceeds 1 year or even 2 years, the redemption fee will be waived.
In 20 19, China started the pilot project of "fund investment". Fund investment can be described as a professional investment team set up by fund companies, which will help you choose a package of funds for allocation according to your risk preference, and at the same time help you conduct transactions and adjust asset allocation and position ratio according to market conditions.
For ordinary citizens, in addition to online investment, they can also communicate with financial advisers of banks, securities and other institutions to learn and understand before investing. If the basic people really don't have the time and energy to invest, they can also choose the investment products of fund companies.