190 1 year 1 1.8, Georgio was born in a worker's family in Mario Velarde, Vaslouis County, Moldavia, Romania. 1 1 started to work as a temporary worker in the railway repair shop of Romanian national railway company. After World War I, 19 19, 18-year-old Lenos Georgiou participated in the revolutionary workers' movement in Trotus Valley and the trade union activities in Galac, and was elected as the trade union leader of Romanian railway repair shop. 1930 join the Romanian * * * production party. 193 1 was employed by the party in the Tokugawa area. Soon, he took "rule of virtue" as the suffix of his name and became the compound surname of Giorgio-Deji.

1932 In March, in order to implement the policy of establishing a United front for workers formulated by the Fifth Romanian Congress, a national conference of railway workers was held in Bucharest. At this meeting, Giorgio Dejie was elected as the secretary of the Central Action Committee of Railway Workers. The Central Action Committee organized a lot of work in various places and effectively led the revolutionary struggle of railway workers. 1In February, 933, Georgiu of Dezhi participated in and led the largest proletarian political struggle in Romanian history-the February Battle of Griou. The strike of railway workers and oil workers is aimed at opposing the Vaida administration's plan to reduce wages and lay off workers in Geneva. The strike was brutally suppressed by the reactionary government. Strike leader Gheorghiu-Dej and others were arrested and imprisoned, and were sentenced to long-term imprisonment in Bucharest. Later, under the pressure of the people, the judgment was revoked. However, in the middle of June of the following year, in the retrial of Jova, he was sentenced to 65,438+02 years' imprisonment by a military court.

1943, Giorgio Deji was once again imprisoned in the Telgujiu concentration camp. In prison, he continued his revolutionary activities, established the core of Luo's leadership, led the organization of the resistance movement, and gradually formed a "prison faction" headed by him within the party. 1935 was elected as a member of the Central Committee of Romania in prison. 1943, together with the party backbone inside and outside the prison, formulated the principles and policies to overthrow the fascist military dictatorship and oppose Hitler's Germany. During this period, Romania formed alliances with some local organizations of the Peasant Front, the Patriotic Union, the Hungarian Workers' Union, the Socialist Peasants' Party and the Social Democratic Party and some bourgeois groups, thus uniting the working class, peasants, intellectuals, urban and rural middle classes and even some bourgeois groups.

On April 1944, Luo * * * kept in touch with underground party member Qiao Dezhi in prison, and planned to prepare for an armed uprising. This plan provides for the establishment of a United front of workers, the strengthening of various forms of anti-fascist struggle, and the organization of patriotic guards and troops to participate in the anti-fascist armed uprising. At the same time, Luo * * took drastic measures to revoke the leadership of Party General Secretary Stefan Forres, and expelled Forres and Remus Coffler from the Luo * * Central Committee. 1On April 5th, 944, the former Romanian Central Committee of communist party decided to stop its work and appointed Georgi Dejie, Constantin Pirvulescu and József Rangecz as the core leaders of the Party. At the same time, a temporary central leading body headed by Per Velaise Ku, Langetz and Emile ·bodn?ra? was established outside the prison. In May, the Romanian Production Party and the Social Democratic Party reached an agreement to establish a United front of workers, which expanded the strength of the anti-fascist alliance and combined the economic struggle with the anti-Hitler war. * * * In many enterprises that produce for the front line, producers organize activities to sabotage the anti-Soviet war by reducing production speed, destroying machinery and equipment, and organizing military transportation. In June, the Romanian Production Party reached an agreement with the Social Democratic Party, the National Peasant Party and the National Liberal Party to set up a national democratic front to oppose military dictatorship, which prompted Romania to withdraw from the anti-Soviet war and participate in the struggle against Hitler's alliance. June 13~ 14 held a meeting attended by military representatives. The meeting adopted the action plan suggested by the producers of * * *, and set up a military commission with the task of preparing for the uprising militarily. At that time, Luo took advantage of the contradictions and differences between the ruling class (the big landlord and the big bourgeoisie represented by the king and the fascist group represented by ion antonescu) and their contradictions with Hitler's control to win over all political parties, organizations and politicians who opposed fascism and cared about liberating the country from the fascist shackles.

1in August, 944, Luo * * * completed the preparations for the uprising, and Giorgio Dejie was rescued from prison on August 9, ending his prison life 1 1 year. After he was released from prison, he and other party leaders actively prepared for an armed uprising. The victory of the Soviet Union created favorable conditions for the armed uprising. 1On August 23rd, 944, the armed uprising overthrew the military fascist regime of antonescu, ended the illegal state of Romania for 20 years, and became an important political force of the country.

In the second government of Konstantin Sanat Ku, which was established on1October 4th, Georgi Dejie served as Minister of Communications. 1944 65438+February 6-65438+1February 28, 945, he was appointed as the Minister of Communications of Nicola Rhodes's government. Together with patriotic, democratic and progressive forces, he played a political game with reactionary landlords, bourgeois forces and fascist remnants. During this period, Romania organized and led democratic forces to fight for eliminating and punishing war criminals, implementing democratic reforms and establishing a people's democratic system. Luo * * * mobilized and led the broad masses of the people to smash the reactionary coup plot and armed intervention plan of American and British imperialism, and received strong support from the Soviet government and Soviet troops stationed in Romania. 1in March, 945, the government crisis led to the collapse of Rhodes' cabinet. With the support of the Romanian Productive Party and the Soviet Union, a democratic coalition government led by the working class with Dr. Petru Groza as the prime minister was established to implement the national democratic program formulated by Romania and promote various democratic reforms. 1March 6, 945-1946165438+1October 30, Minister of Communications and Telecommunications.

19451016-21and Georgi dejie were elected as members of the Romanian central Committee, the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, secretary of the central secretariat and general secretary of the central Committee at the national congress of the Romanian production party held in Bucharest. In the political report of the meeting, he put forward the program of rapidly restoring the national economy destroyed by the war, rebuilding the country, carrying out democratic reforms, strengthening the people's political power and democratic system, consolidating national independence, strengthening the unity of the working class and consolidating the unity of the party. The National Assembly adopted a political line on national industrialization and electrification. 1945—— 1946, Giorgio dejie and Ricardo Roberto Barreto da Rocha led the Romanian delegation to attend the Paris International Peace Conference.

10 9, the National Democratic Front headed by Luo * * won and the government returned to power. 1946 65438+February1-1947 65438+On February 30th, Georgi Dejie was appointed Minister of National Economy (on April 5th,1947, the Ministry of National Economy was renamed as the Ministry of Industry and Trade)./kloc 1In August, 947, he led the currency reform. Through the currency reform, the chaotic state of the currency was ended, inflation was stopped and prices were stabilized. 1947165438+10 led the people's government to smash the counter-revolutionary coup plot of the national peasant party and the national liberal party, and banned two reactionary bourgeois political parties.

From the "August Uprising" in 1944 to the "People's Revolution" when the People's Republic of Romania was founded in 1947+02, Georgy Dejie made great contributions to the liberation of Romania, the consolidation of democratic system, the restoration of the national economy, the establishment of the leading position of the * * * production party in the political power and the preparation for the socialist revolution.

1947 12.30, King Mihai I was forced to abdicate (according to Albanian leader enver hoxha, Mihai I signed the abdication edict at the gunpoint of Georgi Dejie), the monarchy was abolished and the Romanian People's Republic was proclaimed. It marks the beginning of Romania's socialist revolution. In order to accomplish this historical mission, the working class of Gia in Rome was first required to achieve political, ideological and organizational unity. The joint action of Luo party member and Social Democratic Party party member, the workers' United front established to organize the armed uprising on August 23, enhanced mutual understanding and closeness between the two parties, thus creating conditions for the merger of the two parties.

1947 In September, the Political Bureaux of the two parties discussed the concrete measures for the political, organizational and ideological unification of the Romanian workers' movement, and established the Central Committee for organizing and unifying the workers' party. In June 165438+ 10 of the same year, the "Programmatic Declaration on the Unification of the Workers' Party" was issued, which clarified the ideological, organizational and strategic principles of the working class, clearly stipulated that the basis of the unification of the Workers' Party was Marxism-Leninism, and put forward that the ultimate goal of the Party was to realize the primary stage of socialist society-* * capitalism. At this stage, the phenomenon of exploitation by anyone will be eliminated, and the principle of "from each according to his ability, from each according to his ability" will be implemented. At the same time, it is stipulated that the party's organizational principle is democratic centralism. 1948 1 began to unify the grass-roots organizations of political parties-villages, townships and county committees and elected representatives to participate in the unified congress.

1948 February 2 1 1 On February 23, the unified congress of the Romanian * * * Production Party and the Social Democratic Party was held in Bucharest (the sixth congress of the Romanian * * * Production Party), and it was decided to merge the two parties to form the Romanian Workers' Party. At the first congress of the Romanian Workers' Party, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej was elected as member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, secretary of the Central Secretariat and general secretary of the Central Committee. The General Assembly elected 13 members of the Political Bureau, 5 alternate members of the Political Bureau and 5 secretaries of the Secretariat. Of the 65,438+03 members of the Politburo, 65,438+00 are former Romanian leaders, 3 are former leaders of the Social Democratic Party, 3 are former Romanian leaders and 2 are former leaders of the Social Democratic Party, 4 of the 5 Central Secretaries are from Romania and 65,438+0 are from the Social Democratic Party. This congress laid the foundation for the formation of the one-party system. After that, democratic parties such as the Peasant Front gradually dissolved or died out, and people from all walks of life participated in the political life of the country in their own names through the People's Democratic Front (later renamed the Socialist Democratic Solidarity Front). 1948 On April 3, the first session of the first Grand National Assembly of the People's Republic of Romania adopted the Constitution of the People's Republic of Romania, stipulating that Romania is a unified and independent people's country.

1948 April15 ——1952 On June 2nd, Gheorghiu-Dej was the first vice-chairman of the Romanian People's Republic of China (PRC) Council of Ministers and the chairman of the Supreme National Economic Council. He coordinated the activities of the economic and financial departments, restored the economy, stabilized the Monetary Committee, guided and established the general line of building the socialist economic foundation, and directly led the formulation of 12. 65438+September 0947-65438+1October 165438 1949, he represented the Romanian * * * Production Party at the intelligence meetings of the * * * Production Party and the Workers' Party three times. 1June 2, 952-1955 65438+1October 4, served as the chairman of the Council of Ministers of the People's Republic of Romania.

In order to strengthen the leadership of the army, the Politburo meeting of the Romanian Labor Party decided to set up the highest military commander-in-chief institution in April, 1952, 165438+ 10. On 5 October, Georgy Dejie was elected as the chairman of the highest military commission of the Romanian Labor Party and the supreme commander of the armed forces. Members of the Committee include three military leaders: Emile ·bodn?ra? (Minister of Armed Forces), Leontin Sarayan (Chief of General Staff), nicolae ceausescu (Director of the General Political Department) and three representatives of the Political Bureau: Josef Chisinauvsky, Miron Constantinescu and Chivo stoica.

1953 After Stalin's death in March, the new Soviet central leadership implemented the division of labor between the party and the government and collective leadership. At that time, the most crucial position was the post of chairman of the Council of Ministers, in which Stalin exercised supreme power for a long time. At the meeting to discuss who will inherit Stalin's power, malenkov, beria and Molotov formed a "troika", with malenkov as the chairman of the Council of Ministers. Khrushchev presided over the Secretariat and ranked fifth in the Central Presidium. 1953 In September, Khrushchev succeeded malenkov and was appointed as the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Union, presiding over party affairs. Referring to the experience and model of the Soviet Union, 1954 and 19, in April, the plenary session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Labor Party decided to establish the principle of "collective leadership" and "collective work", implement the leadership system of separating the party from the government, reorganize the Political Bureau and the Secretariat, and adjust the division of labor among leaders. Georgi Dejie resigned as the general secretary of the Central Committee of the Romanian Labor Party and became the full-time chairman of the Council of Ministers. The Secretariat consists of gheorghe apostol, nicolae ceausescu, Mihai Dalea and Janos Fazekas. Cancel the title of general secretary and set up the first secretary. Apostol took over this post, presided over the daily work of the Central Committee and the meeting of the Political Bureau, and was in charge of the Secretariat. However, this did not change the status of Georgi Dege as the supreme head of state. Just over a year later, the situation has changed again. Khrushchev, the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Union, used his secretariat to successfully bring down malenkov, the chairman of the Council of Ministers and the supreme head of state (although the influence of the first secretary was not as good as that of the chairman of the Council of Ministers, it was also very different from Stalin's era. Malenkov did not fully grasp all the functions and powers of the chairman of the Council of Ministers, but party secretaries at all levels have actual power at the grassroots and local levels, and the whole system of the party is closely linked with the Secretariat and the first secretary Khrushchev), thus re-establishing the party's leading body. This change in the map of the Soviet regime has had a chain reaction in various brother countries. Georgy Dejie immediately realized that the core of power had been transferred from the chief executive to the party secretary, so he resigned as the chairman of the Council of Ministers on June 4, 1955, 10 and became the full-time first secretary of the Workers' Party. At the same time, he was elected as a member of the presidium of the Romanian people and the National People's Congress.

1961March 2 1 day, the first meeting of the fourth Romanian grand national assembly passed a constitutional amendment, abolishing the presidium of the grand national assembly and establishing the Council of State. As the permanent organ of the highest organ of state power, Georgi Dejie was elected as the chairman of the Romanian People's State Council. He is also the leader of the party, the head of state and the supreme commander of the army. The power of the party, government and army is integrated and becomes the supreme master of the party and the country. 1March 1965 18 was re-elected as the chairman of the state Council at the first meeting of the fifth grand national assembly of Romania.

In recognition of Georg DeJie's great achievements, he was awarded the title of Romanian Socialist Labor Hero and the "Sickle and Hammer" Gold Star Medal twice in 1 951and1. His works were included in Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej's papers and speeches.

1March 1965 19 Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej died in Bucharest at the age of 64 and was buried in the mausoleum of "Monument to Heroes Fighting for the People, the Motherland and Socialist Freedom" in Bucharest Freedom Park. 1989 65438+On February 22nd, the political situation in Romania changed dramatically, the ceausescu regime was overthrown, and the Socialist Republic of Romania was subverted. 1990, the Romanian National Salvation Front government carried out "de-romanization" nationwide, cleared the "* * *" landmark buildings, and destroyed the memorial mausoleum dedicated to the remains of the late party and state leaders. Bucharest Polytechnic University was renamed as "Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Polytechnic University" on 1965- 1990, and the Romanian city of Onishti and the Soviet city of Liski were renamed as Georgi-Dey on 1965- 1990. After the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, the above-mentioned areas resumed their original old names.