current location: overview of various countries -> Africa->;

profile of Sudan

General

country name: Sudan * * * and country

official name: the Republic of Sudan

national flag: composed of green, red, white and black. One side near the flagpole is a green triangle, and the right flag consists of red, white and black parallel wide bars with the same width from top to bottom.

National emblem: a desert eagle with wings spread proudly. The upper end of the emblem has a ribbon spanning between the eagle's head and its wings, and the lower end of the emblem has a ribbon around the eagle's body. The inscription "Our cause will win" and the official name of Sudan are written on the upper and lower ribbons in Arabic respectively.

National Song: Soldiers of God

Physical geography: Sudan is located in the northeast of Africa, in the middle reaches of the Nile, bordering Egypt in the north, Central Africa, Chad and Libya in the west, Kenya, Uganda and Zaire in the south, and the Red Sea, Ethiopia and Eritrea in the east. The whole territory is a great basin sag from south to north, with grassland swamp in the south and grassland in the middle, where the Blue and White Nile meet and platform in the north. Eastern and western Sudan are plateaus. The eastern plateau is the western slope of the Ethiopian plateau in the East African plateau, and this section is the Nubian desert; The Colfando Plateau and Dafour Plateau are in the west, which is the southeast edge of Libyan desert. There are mountains along the Red Sea in the northeast of Sudan, Nuba in the middle, Myra in the west and Tegotona in the south. Mount Keneti on the southern border is 3187 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in China. The Nile runs through the whole country from north to south. The blue and white Nile meet in Khartoum, and there are several waterfalls in the lower reaches. There are many tributaries of the White Nile in the south. Sudan has a tropical desert climate and a tropical grassland climate, and is one of the hottest countries in the world. Khartoum, the capital, is a famous "world stove". The north is hot and dry, and the temperature in the hottest season from June to September can reach about 4-5℃; The Red Sea coast is hot and humid in summer and rainy in winter, with an annual average temperature of 29.2℃. April-September in the south is rainy season with heavy rain. The annual precipitation increases from 3 mm in the northernmost part to 4 mm in the middle, 8 mm in the south and 15 mm in the southernmost part from north to south, and the national average annual precipitation is less than 1 mm. From May to July every year, storms from the Sahara desert in the northwest often wreak havoc.

Location: Lying in northeastern Africa, and across middle reaches of the Nile River, Sudan is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Central African Republic, Chad and Libya to the west, Kenya, Uganda and Zaire to the south, and the Red Sea, Ethiopia and Erithea to the east.

Area: 2,55,812 square kilometers (the largest country in Africa)

Land use-5.4% of cultivated land, 46.3% of permanent pasture, 18.9% of forest and 29.4% of others (mainly desert), with 1.1 acres of cultivated land per capita; The coastline is-853 kilometers long; The land boundary line is-7696 kilometers long.

Area: 2,55,812 sq. km (the largest country in Africa)

Land use-5.4% cropland; 46.3% permanent pasture; 18.9% forest and woodland; 29.4% other (mainly desert); arable land per capita-1.1 acres; coastline-853 km; Land borders-7,696 km.

Population: over 34 million (21)

Density-15 people per square kilometer; Urban population accounts for 22.5%; Annual growth rate of 2.3% (2); Average life expectancy is 58 years (2)

Population; more than 34 m. (21)

Density-15 inhabits. per sq. km.; urban pop.-22.5%; growth rate-2.3% per year (2); Avg. life expectation-58 years (2).

its capital is Khartoum; Population-about 4 million (2)

Capital: Khartoum; Population: 4 m (2)

Time difference: 2 hours earlier than GMT and 6 hours later than Beijing time.

time: 2 hours. Earlier than GMT, 6 hours. Later than Beijing time.

Language: Arabic is the official language, Nubian, Nile-hammett, Sudanese and English are also commonly used languages.

language: the official language is Arabic. Nubian, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanese language and English are also spoken.

Ethnic groups: 52% black, 39% Arab, 2% Beja and 7% others

Ethical composition: black-52%; Arab-39%; Beja-2%; Other-7%.

Religion: Sunni Muslims (mostly living in the north) account for 7%, local religions account for 25%, and Christianity (mostly living in the south) accounts for 5%.

Religion: Suni Moslem(mainly in the north)-7%; indigenous beliefs-25%; Christian (Mostly in the South)-5%.

Currency: 1 dinar = 1 piastres = 1 milim; Us $1 = 256 dinars (in October 1999) (in March 1999, the original Sudanese pound was replaced by a new dinar)

currency: 1dinar = 1 piastres = 1, milliemes, 1 U.S. Dollar = 256 dinar (Oct. 1999)

Festival (21): Independence Day, National Day (January 1), Eid al-Adha (March 6), Islamic New Year (March 26), Uprising Day (April 6, 1985, the anniversary of the military coup),

(Note: Islamic festivals depend on the moon. ）

Holidays (21); Jan. 1 (Independence Day, National Day), Mar. 6 (Id al-Adha, Feast of the Sacrifice), Mar. 26 (Islamic New Year), Apr. 6 (Uprising Day, anniversary of 1985 coup), Apr. 16 (Sham an-Nassim,Coptic Easter Monday), June 4 (Mouloud, Birth of the Prophet), June 3 (Revolution Day), Dec. 17 (Id al-Fitr, end of Ramadan), Dec. 25 (Christmas).

The dates of Islamic holidays and determined by sightings of the moon, And may be lightly different from this given above.

Administrative divisions: The federal system was formally implemented in 1991, and the whole country was divided into 9 states and 66 provinces. The constitutional decree promulgated in February 1994 re-divided the whole country into 26 states. Replace the former administrative regions and provinces.

Local Government: The government issued a constitutional decree modifying the federal system by creating 26 autonomous states to replace the previou Snine. Each state is headed by a governor. Each state also has its own cabinet and an elected legislative council.

Major cities: Khartoum, Omdurman, North Khartoum, Port Sudan, Kassala, wad medani, El Obeid, Juba, Wau, Darif, Kusti, Nyala and El Fasher.

Major Cities: Khartoum, Umm Durman (Omdurman), Al-Khartum Bahri, Port Sudan, Kassala, Wad Medani, Obeid (al-Ubayyid) Juba, Wau, Al-Gedarif (Gadarif), Kusti, Nyala, El Fasher, Atbarah.

Politics: After the military headed by Bashir came to power, the National Salvation Revolution Command Committee was established to exercise government power, and the transitional constitution formulated in 1985 was frozen, and the party was banned, and all the activities of unofficial institutions were stopped. The military government regards achieving domestic peace, ending the civil war in the south and developing the economy as its policy agenda. In 1991, it was announced that Islamic law would be implemented throughout the country (except the three southern provinces). The National Transitional Council (TNC) was established in 1992. In 1993, Bashir became president and directly led the civilian cabinet. In February 1994, the Transitional Council decided to divide the whole country into 26 states. In March 1996, the first presidential election since 1989 was held. Bashir was elected president and a national parliament was formed.

a brief history of the country

Brief History

The word meaning of Sudan is "black country". It is a country with a long history. In the old kingdom of Egypt, Sudan was a part of Egypt. At the end of 19th century, Sudan was ruled by Egyptian Mohammad Alipasha. In the 197s, Britain began to expand into Sudan. In 1881, mohamed ahmed, the religious leader of Sudan, declared himself "Mahdi" (the savior), led the Sudanese people's armed uprising, resisted the invasion of British and Egyptian troops, and established the Mahdi Kingdom in 1885. Britain reoccupied Sudan in 1898. In 1899, it was administered by Britain and Egypt. In 1951, Egypt abolished the "* * * management" agreement. Britain and Egypt reached an agreement on Sudan's self-determination in 1953. In January 1954, an autonomous government was established, and on January 1, 1956, independence was declared and a Republic was established. On December 16th, 1985, the name of the country was changed from Sudan Democratic Republic to Sudan Democratic Republic.

For long period, the country was under foreign rule and Egypt, Rome. In 187s, Britain began expanding to Sudan. In 1881, a Moslem leader named Mohammed Ahmed proclaimed himself the Mahdi (guide), and led a successful revolt against Britain and Egypt. He established Mahdi empire in 1885. After Britain reconquered Sudan in 1898, Sudan was administrated by Britain and Egypt in 1899. In 1951, Egypt abolished the agreement for common administration, and reached an agreement with Britain in 1953 about the self-determination of Sudan. Sudan established self-government in Jan. 1954 and declared indep Endence as a Republic on Jan.1, 1956. It was renamed Republic of the Sudan on Dec.16.1985.

Head of State

President is the head of state and government and commander-in-chief of the armed forces, elected by universal suffrage for a term of five years.

The president is the head of s