1, classified by investment direction
According to the investment direction, we can divide the funds into currency type, bond type, mixed type and stock type.
Money fund: This kind of fund has relatively stable income, strong liquidity and can be accessed at any time. Its risk is very small, but the income will not be very high, and generally it will not lose money.
Bond funds: most of the funds are invested in bonds, and the proportion of bond investment is above 80% of the total funds. This kind of fund is relatively safe, but the rate of return is relatively low, but the general income is higher than that of the money fund and the risk is higher.
Hybrid funds: these funds can invest in stocks and bonds, and even the allocation of money and assets is more flexible. Its risk is lower than that of stock type and higher than that of bond type, and so is its income.
Equity fund: most of the funds are invested in stocks, and the proportion of stock investment accounts for more than 80% of the fund assets. This kind of fund belongs to high-risk and high-yield type.
2. Classification by transaction channel
According to the different trading channels of funds, they can be divided into on-site funds and off-site funds.
On-market fund refers to listing on the stock exchange, which is what we usually call the stock market, also known as the secondary market. Generally, you need to open an account to trade.
There are many trading platforms for OTC funds, including banks, securities companies, fund companies and third-party sales organizations (such as Alipay and WeChat), but it should be noted that the redemption fees of different channels are not necessarily the same.
3. Classification according to feeding methods
According to the different ways of fund raising, it can be divided into Public Offering of Fund and private equity funds.
Public offering funds raise funds from the public in the form of public offering. Public Offering of Fund's investment threshold is very low, even 10 yuan can participate in the investment, which is suitable for the majority of small and medium investors.
Private equity funds raise funds from a few specific investors in a non-public way. The investment threshold of private equity funds is very high, and the general minimum investment is above 6,543,800 yuan, which is suitable for institutional investors and high-net-worth individuals to participate.
4. Classification by operation mode
According to the different operation modes of funds, they can be divided into closed-end funds and open-end funds. Closed-end funds are listed and traded on the stock exchange, that is, they need to open a securities account to buy and sell.
The fund share of an open-end fund is not fixed, and it can be purchased or redeemed from the fund company at the time agreed in the fund contract.