No country can keep its national strength rising steadily under the condition of insufficient energy supply. In view of the fact that the shortage of energy supply may become one of the biggest obstacles to the rise of China, the status of energy security in China's grand strategy has quietly risen, and it has increasingly become one of the key points of China's strategic consideration. In the wave of globalization, more and more people will participate in the international energy market, and it is inevitable to formulate new energy strategies. Therefore, the enormous challenges faced by China's energy resources are also obvious. China's energy security is not only an economic issue to ensure domestic supply, but also a strategic issue related to international energy supply and demand and energy geopolitics. In the next few decades, the global oil and gas resources are abundant, and the overall situation of oil and gas supply and demand development is becoming more and more secure. China's active participation can improve and strengthen the world energy security system and enhance China's international influence, so oil and gas import will become an important strategic weapon for China. From China's point of view, using international oil resources is a realistic choice and the only way for China to optimize its energy structure and ensure its energy security. China should establish the strategic idea of going abroad and sharing international oil and gas energy, increase the utilization of international resources, and finally ensure China's medium and long-term oil and gas resources supply and enhance energy security. The basic principle of establishing a stable oil security mechanism for China's energy security is to "vigorously develop two kinds of resources and make full use of two markets": that is, based on domestic energy resources, we should not rely entirely on international market supply, and secondly, we should seize the international opportunity of economic globalization and actively participate in and develop international energy resources. No matter from the goal of economic development or environmental protection, it is the only way for China's sustainable energy strategy to adjust and improve China's long-term coal-based energy structure and promote the diversification of energy development and utilization. Facing the inevitable trend of increasing demand for high-quality energy such as oil and natural gas, it is almost a foregone conclusion to gradually increase oil imports to make up for the gap between domestic supply and demand. In view of this, it is very important to establish a stable oil security mechanism. We emphasize that China should further expand its strategic oil investment in overseas markets, so as to establish a stable oil import security mechanism and achieve the goal of selling oil to the international market in peacetime and supplying oil only to the China market in special periods. At the same time, strengthen cooperation with relevant countries in oil-producing areas, open up new bases for stable energy supply, ensure the diversification of oil and gas resources, and reduce the vulnerability of energy supply from the source. China should vigorously build a cobweb energy strategic channel, effectively reduce China's vulnerability caused by the interruption of offshore oil transportation, and reduce its dependence on the strategic channel of the Western Pacific. On this issue, Chinese and foreign analysts have emphasized the potential strategic benefits of oil pipelines. First of all, strengthen the development of South China Sea oil in China, and start to build an oil pipeline to Myanmar. The South China Sea is an important strategic resource base with 23.5 billion tons of oil resources and 654.38 billion cubic meters of natural gas resources. China should strengthen cooperation with relevant countries in Southeast Asia in oil development in the South China Sea. Secondly, strengthen energy cooperation in Northeast Asia, and build East Siberia-China-Korea-Japan natural gas pipeline and West Siberia-Central Asia-China-Japan oil pipeline; Third, make full use of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and strengthen energy cooperation with Central Asian countries and Russia. China's investment in energy resources in Central Asia and Russia can provide China with an oil supply line to avoid the waterway controlled by the US Navy, and reduce China's vulnerability caused by the blockage or even interruption of oil supply in the Middle East. Moreover, China's land military superiority will play a positive role. In addition, the construction of oil pipelines from Russian, Kazakh and other Central Asian countries to China can ensure the diversification of China's energy supply sources, thus ensuring China's energy security. The strategic passage is related to China's economic security and national core interests. China should spare no effort to build a spider-web strategic channel and greatly improve its ability to ensure the smooth flow of strategic channels. The construction of strategic channel will be a cause with large investment, high risk and slow effect. Give full play to the main role of the central government in the construction of strategic corridors, improve the government investment and financing system with national banks as the main body, focus on supporting the construction of strategic transportation corridors in terms of investment scale and credit scale, and concentrate the necessary financial and material resources to ensure key construction projects. Strengthening international energy cooperation can improve overall energy security, reduce regional or global energy prices and establish a mutually beneficial energy security system. From the perspective of oil and gas importing countries, China's energy security strategy must consider other energy-deficient countries in the Asia-Pacific region? Caves, especially Japan and South Korea? The demand for snow. The Asia-Pacific region accounts for about 28% of global crude oil consumption, but the proven recoverable oil reserves in the Asia-Pacific region only account for 4.2% of the world, and the oil output is 10.5%. China, Japan and South Korea are the main consumers in the world. Japan and South Korea basically do not produce oil. Japanese imports exceed 200 million tons per year, Korean imports exceed 654.38 billion tons per year, and China imports exceed 654.38 billion tons in 2005. At present, all three countries depend on the Middle East for their imports. In the fierce competition in the oil market, China's oil security is increasingly closely related to these countries. We should strengthen energy dialogue with these countries, explore solutions and measures to solve regional oil and gas shortages, and avoid regional energy conflicts and vicious competition. Secondly, from the perspective of oil and gas producing countries, Central Asia and Russia are rich in oil and gas resources, and have already started an active energy cooperation dialogue with China. China should bring energy cooperation into the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, actively promote cooperation in Central Asia, and participate in energy development in the Far East, so that the oil and gas pipeline from the Far East to the northeast of China can become a link between Central Asia and Northeast Asia and obtain a greater safety factor. China can urge to participate in the establishment of a regional energy community, thus promoting a regional energy security system including China, Russia, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, ASEAN countries, Hongkong and Taiwan Province. Its basic approach is to strengthen cooperation with importing countries in East Asia, strive to * * develop oil and gas resources in neighboring countries such as Central Asia and Russia, * * * develop oil and gas resources in the Middle East, * * * build oil pipelines and strategic passages, and reduce economic and political risks. East Asian energy security can not only solve energy problems, but also take this opportunity to solve other strategic problems. The timely establishment of strategic oil reserves can be divided into strategic oil reserves and commercial oil reserves. The strategic oil reserve does not assume the role of stabilizing oil prices, and the state will only use this reserve in emergencies such as oil supply interruption. When oil prices fluctuate, relevant enterprises should establish and increase corresponding commercial reserves as an important supplement to the national strategic oil reserves, in addition to normal turnover inventories. Strategic petroleum reserve has special functions that cannot be replaced by commercial reserve. When the international oil supply is suddenly interrupted or the international oil price rises sharply, which endangers national security and the normal operation of social economy, the use of strategic oil reserves often has the functions of resisting risks, ensuring safety, balancing supply and demand, and restraining oil prices. At ordinary times, strategic oil reserves also have a static deterrent effect on stabilizing international oil prices, influencing the policies of oil exporting countries and regulating market mentality. In a word, strategic petroleum reserve is the most important tool for a country to deal with political and military crises, and it is regarded as the key weapon to reduce the vulnerability of energy security. As a defensive deterrent, the role of strategic oil reserves is no less than that of nuclear weapons. According to the requirements of the International Energy Agency, its member countries have at least 90 days of pure imported strategic oil reserves, which is the most critical condition for joining the organization. Among the major oil importers in the world, China is the only country without any strategic oil reserves. At present, China's oil reserves are still in the primary stage. The storage capacity of long-distance pipeline is 2-5 days, the storage capacity of railway transportation is 7- 15 days, the storage capacity of waterway transportation is 15-25 days, and the comprehensive storage capacity of crude oil in petroleum system is 210.6 days, all of which are productive and have no strategic reserve. The Tenth Five-Year Plan of China petroleum industry has formulated the policy of "basing itself on the domestic market, exploring the international market, strengthening exploration and rational development, practicing economy and establishing reserves", and proposed for the first time to gradually establish and improve the national strategic petroleum reserve system, so as to improve the ability to deal with emergencies and ensure the national oil supply security. According to the experience of the United States, Japan and other major western countries, it takes at least 10 years for oil reserves to play a role. Therefore, the early establishment of China's oil reserve system can reduce economic costs and help China to take the initiative in international political and economic activities. Experts suggest that foreign experience should be used for reference, legislation should be gradually established first, the scale should be reasonably determined, and it should be implemented in different regions and steps. Strengthening the system construction of energy management The issue of energy security is a systematic project, and we should pay attention to both international influence and internal construction. China needs a comprehensive and coordinated responsible organization to coordinate energy decision-making. Since the abolition of 1992 Ministry of Energy, there has not been a single central government department responsible for energy policy and management in China. The Energy Bureau of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is the core institution dealing with energy issues at present, which consists of comprehensive department, oil and gas department, coal department, electric power department and new energy department, plus the National Petroleum Reserve Office directly under the NDRC. At present, energy-related management, development and research functions are scattered in the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Water Resources, the State Electricity Regulatory Commission, the State Environmental Protection Administration, the Ministry of Science and Technology, China Academy of Engineering and other relevant departments, and the division of functions among departments is not clear. Even within the National Development and Reform Commission, energy conservation is not under the jurisdiction of the Energy Bureau, but is the responsibility of the Department of Environment and Comprehensive Utilization of Resources. This not only makes the functions extremely decentralized, but also often "only the departments can't see the country" when formulating policies. We suggest setting up a central energy department with practical coordination ability to establish overall coordination in the fields of energy security, oil import, natural gas development, power reform and energy environmental protection.