Social assistance research report
A few days ago, in order to effectively protect the basic survival rights and personal dignity of the poor, * * District launched a pilot project of "emergency assistance" for the urban and rural poor. The whole region adheres to the principle of "supporting the bottom, emergency rescue and sustainability". By coordinating various systems and rescue resources, the short board and bottom line are filled to meet the requirements of people in need of "having recourse channels" and timely assistance, and the long-term mechanism of "emergency rescue" is gradually established and improved. First, the "emergency rescue" pilot work has achieved initial results.
1. Establish a "one-time acceptance and collaborative handling" mechanism. * * District "emergency" work shall be carried out at two levels: district and town (street office) responsibility system. Relying on the convenience service centers of districts and towns (street offices), the civil affairs department will take the lead in setting up a unified social assistance window on the original civil affairs window and build a platform of "one-time acceptance and collaborative handling". Clarify the responsibilities of departments, the process of branch office and transfer office, the time limit for handling, establish a "green channel" to solve urgent problems. Civil affairs, education, human society, housing construction, health, family planning and other departments, in addition to handling social assistance window referral assistance, according to their respective responsibilities, directly accept the masses' emergency assistance applications. The establishment of social assistance network information platform, the implementation of city, district, town (street) three-level networking, to achieve three-level sharing of assistance information, and with the help of information technology, scientifically determine the target of assistance, avoid repeated assistance, multi-head assistance and assistance omission, and form a horizontally interconnected and vertically interconnected social assistance network platform.
In 20xx, temporary assistance will be provided to the needy groups suffering from sudden, unexpected disasters, injuries, serious diseases or other special reasons, 1- 10 * * 630 person-times, and the amount of assistance will be 105900 yuan.
2, the establishment of "* * city * * District' emergency' reserve fund". The district finance has an annual budget of 500,000 yuan, absorbs funds donated by the society, and establishes the "Emergency Fund of * * District of * * City", and implements special account management, special account accounting and earmarking. It is used to help families in our district who are still in trouble because of sudden, unexpected disasters, injuries, major diseases or other special reasons, and are temporarily unable to be covered by other social assistance systems or after assistance. Since the beginning of this year, our district has helped Ding Jiaxin and others 1 1 seriously ill patients with leukemia and kidney disease, and each person has helped 10000 yuan, which has alleviated the economic pressure of patients.
3, the establishment of emergency object discovery reporting mechanism. The village (neighborhood) committee is the main body responsible for actively searching for the needy. Give full play to the role of urban and rural village (community) party organizations, village (neighborhood) committees, village (community) cadres, urban and rural community service volunteers and social workers. , timely understand, master and verify special circumstances such as sudden accidents and serious illness of family members, and take the initiative to help apply for assistance. In each department, town (street office) and village (community), 1 full-time information officer shall be set up to provide early detection, early reporting and early rescue for people with difficulties in life. Ensure that families with difficulties get assistance at the first time and realize the "one-door acceptance and coordinated handling" of social assistance.
4. Establish and improve the participation mechanism of social forces. Establish a special fund for "emergency rescue". Through social donations and sponsorship, a special fund for "emergency relief" will be set up in the civil affairs department to broaden the channels for raising emergency relief funds and ensure the effective implementation of emergency relief work. Give play to the role of organizations such as charitable associations. Guide and support social organizations, enterprises and institutions and caring people to carry out emergency case assistance. Caring people, cadres and workers in our district donated more than 500,000 yuan for children suffering from leukemia, kidney disease and other serious diseases, which greatly eased the economic pressure of patients' families.
Two, the "emergency" pilot work difficulties and deficiencies
1, the standard of temporary assistance is low, and the effect of emergency assistance is limited. Some people in difficulty are in trouble because of emergencies and major diseases, and the standard of temporary assistance is low and the effect of assistance is limited. For example, the current temporary assistance system in our district stipulates that the assistance standard is 3000 yuan. However, due to the suddenness of disasters and the high cost of relief needs, the current temporary relief system is difficult to solve substantive problems. To completely solve the urgent needs of this special population, it is necessary to further improve the standard of temporary assistance.
2. The coordination mechanism of social assistance is not perfect. The overall coordination mechanism of social assistance led by the government, led by civil affairs, coordinated by departments, participated by social forces and implemented at the grassroots level is not perfect. Although our district has established a social assistance joint meeting system, the operation of the joint meeting is still in the trial stage. Therefore, it is ineffective to coordinate and implement emergency rescue only by one department. Without the integration of rescue resources, the effect of emergency rescue is still lacking.
3. Grassroots social assistance work is weak. The whole region has jurisdiction over 1 1 towns and sub-district offices with 260,000 people. Each town and sub-district office has only 1-2 civil affairs staff. Grass-roots social assistance tasks are heavy, and most of them are difficult to undertake the increasing social assistance work. The contradiction between insufficient social assistance and heavy tasks is more prominent in * * District. As far as the Civil Affairs Bureau is concerned, it is also difficult to implement the low-income household investigator. Therefore, there is still a long way to go to follow-up investigation, early detection, early intervention and early rescue of the actual family income of the needy people.
Three. Countermeasures and suggestions
1, improve the social assistance system. First, deeply understand the spiritual essence of emergency assistance and accurately grasp the establishment of social assistance mechanism. First of all, it should be clear that emergency assistance is carried out within the framework of eight social assistance systems, including urban and rural subsistence allowances, poor support, medical assistance, temporary assistance, assistance targets, housing and employment. "Emergency assistance" is a mechanism innovation, not a policy innovation; Secondly, it is necessary to make it clear that "emergency assistance" is an "emergency assistance" in the category of social assistance, which is based on "supporting the bottom" and provides difficult assistance to residents who temporarily have serious difficulties in their basic lives due to various emergencies. The second is to improve and perfect the temporary assistance system. According to the national and provincial temporary assistance system, we should promptly revise and improve the temporary assistance system, raise the standard of temporary assistance, highlight the role of "emergency assistance", use the system to further standardize the object, scope, procedures and funds of assistance, avoid the arbitrariness of assistance work, ensure that temporary assistance funds are really used for urgent needs, and avoid the loose weaving of "net bottom".
2, strengthen leadership, improve the mechanism, form a joint force. In accordance with the principle of "Party committee and government leadership, civil affairs leading, departmental cooperation, social forces participating and grass-roots implementation", a joint meeting mechanism with up-and-down connection, left-right coordination and overall linkage will be formed. According to the needs of the work, timely convene a joint meeting to study and analyze the emergency rescue problems. Clarify the responsibilities of the social assistance management department, and form a work pattern of individual responsibility, division of labor and cooperation, coordinated operation and overall promotion under unified leadership.
3. Mobilize social forces to participate extensively. The establishment of a government-based social assistance co-ordination mechanism does not mean that the government will handle all urgent social assistance affairs. Helping people in need is the common responsibility of the whole society. With proper guidance, social forces can play an important role. First, charitable organizations and social service agencies are used as carriers to encourage social forces and individuals to donate, sponsor and participate in emergency work, and strive to form a good atmosphere in which everyone cares and everyone participates. The second is to give full play to the role of social work service agencies and social workers by means of government purchasing services and developing social jobs, and provide professional services such as social integration, ability improvement and psychological counseling for social emergency relief objects.
4. Improve the enjoyment mechanism of financial status information inspection. On the basis of the information check center established by the civil affairs department, we will speed up the improvement of the information sharing mechanism of social assistance, so as to provide a basis for actively finding the object of assistance and accurately judging the emergency. Strengthen information sharing with social assistance management departments such as health and family planning, education, housing, human resources and social security, and charitable organizations, and keep abreast of the development of special assistance and charitable assistance, so that the needs of the recipients can be effectively connected with government assistance resources, charitable organizations' assistance projects, charitable donations and voluntary services from all walks of life.
Article 2 Investigation Report on Social Assistance
First, strengthen leadership and further improve the understanding of social assistance. Social vulnerable groups live around us and are members of society. Among these groups, some have made sacrifices and contributions to the socialist revolution and construction, and have been injured and disabled; Some are laid off and unemployed due to the influence of state system reform and enterprise structure adjustment; There are people who have lost their land and jobs due to economic and social development and demolition; There are also poor groups, who are poor because of their career disabilities and should be compensated and helped by society. If the difficulties of these difficult groups cannot be solved well, they will surely become social instability factors. Therefore, helping the socially disadvantaged groups is an important event related to the realization of "two firsts" and the overall construction and development of a well-off society in our city, and it is also a popular project related to social cohesion and social stability. Governments and leaders at all levels must attach great importance to it, unify their thinking and understanding, earnestly strengthen their leadership over social assistance work, put social assistance work on the agenda, take effective measures to help vulnerable groups solve problems, and do a good job in popular support projects.
Second, standardize the system and further improve the social assistance system.
The assistance to the social vulnerable groups is the main means to help them solve their life difficulties, and the perfection of system construction is the guarantee for the needy groups to get timely and effective assistance. At present, the social assistance system in our city has entered a stage of stable development, and a variety of assistance methods have been established according to the different needs of the disadvantaged groups. According to the economic development level of our city, scientifically improve the minimum living standard, especially the rural minimum living allowance standard, and gradually integrate with the urban minimum living standard. It is necessary to take corresponding measures to enable these disadvantaged groups to get medical care, study and go to school. In order to effectively solve the resettlement problem of the "four disabled" personnel, with the continuous acceleration of enterprise reform process and transformation and upgrading, many of the "four disabled" personnel in the original welfare enterprises have been laid off (no longer enjoy subsidies), and their basic sources of livelihood are not guaranteed. It is suggested to adopt socialized resettlement, that is, the four disabled people receive or bear their living expenses in proportion to the total number of employees. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the poverty alleviation system for low-income residents, poor households and enterprises. It is suggested that a new round of assistance should be proposed by the town civil affairs office and neighborhood committees to effectively solve the lives of difficult groups, manage them well and avoid unnecessary contradictions.
Third, increase investment to ensure the basic livelihood of vulnerable groups.
Capital is the material basis of social assistance, and government financial funds and other capital investment are the main measures to help the socially disadvantaged groups, and also the main means to improve the social assistance capacity of our city. At the symposium, the majority of civil affairs cadres strongly appealed to appropriately increase the proportion of financial payments, increase social assistance funds and increase social welfare funds in combination with the economic development level of our city, so that the socially disadvantaged groups in our city can receive timely and full assistance in accordance with the policies and regulations and enjoy the fruits of reform and development.
Fourth, keep pace with the times and actively explore new ways to develop social assistance NGOs.
Social assistance is a systematic project involving the whole society. Only by taking various measures such as government decision-making, policy adjustment, legal system construction and social assistance from both political and economic aspects can we effectively solve the problem. Actively developing social assistance NGOs and encouraging and absorbing people from all walks of life to participate in social assistance are effective ways to solve the funding problem. It is necessary to explore charitable associations, welfare associations and foundations. , organized by non-governmental organizations and the masses for the purpose of social mutual assistance, aims to help the poor elderly, disabled people, children and orphans and make them the main carriers to help the disadvantaged groups in society.
(1) Implement policies to encourage development. Government departments should further change their functions and hand over some specific affairs of social assistance and social services to NGOs. Organize eligible urban retirees and laid-off workers to carry out various types of mutual assistance activities in the community in the name of social groups. The government can formulate corresponding policies and give financial support to groups or organizations that undertake the responsibility of social assistance, so as to attract and drive more social and financial resources and help the needy groups.
(2) Actively carry out volunteer activities and organize public welfare work of dedication, interaction, mutual assistance and love. Form material help and spiritual comfort for the socially disadvantaged groups, the disabled and the weak.
Article 3 Investigation Report on Social Assistance
In accordance with the relevant requirements of the state government to carry out social assistance research, our bureau promptly sent personnel to Quanzhou to carry out social assistance research. The survey report is as follows: 1. Basic information.
(A) urban subsistence allowances
In XX, the number of urban subsistence allowances in Quanzhou was 53,489, the annual subsistence allowance fund was 83.55 million yuan, and the average monthly subsidy level was 1 10 yuan. According to the spirit of the Notice of the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Finance on Appropriately Raising the Minimum Living Guarantee for Urban Residents (Minfa [XX] No.99) and the Notice of the Provincial Government on Further Strengthening Employment and Re-employment (E [XX] 1No.), the minimum living guarantee for urban residents in Quanzhou has started from XX1day, and at the same time, the city has been "three noes"
(B) rural subsistence allowances
In XX, with the strong support of the State Committee, the state government and the civil affairs departments, the number of rural subsistence allowances in Quanzhou expanded to 6.5438+0.5 million, and the rural subsistence allowances were allocated 78.32 million yuan throughout the year, which made up the monthly subsistence allowances in 45 yuan. Among them, the monthly allowance for category I is not lower than that of 80 yuan, category II is not lower than that of 50 yuan and category III is not lower than that of 30 yuan. At the beginning of XX, the Provincial Civil Affairs Department approved our state to increase the rural minimum living allowance by 50,000 to 200,000. At present, the rural minimum living security funds in our state are directly distributed to the minimum living security objects in the form of "one card" through financial institutions.
(3) Five guarantees
In recent years, with the attention and support of Party committees and governments at all levels, Quanzhou Civil Affairs Department has continuously innovated the mechanism, focused on exploring the "* * model" of rural five-guarantee centralized support, continuously strengthened the infrastructure construction of rural welfare homes, developed the school-run economy, and improved the management service level, effectively ensuring the material and cultural life of the five-guarantee recipients. The "* * model" of rural five-guarantee centralized support was commended by the Provincial Civil Affairs Department and the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and China Social News and Xinhua News Agency successively made publicity reports. At present, there are11rural welfare homes in the whole state, with a beneficiary population of 1344 1 person, with a centralized support rate of 73%. In XX years, * * * allocated funds13.86 million yuan. According to the provisions of the documents of the ministries and agencies, starting from XX, the standards of centralized support and decentralized support for five-guarantee recipients and decentralized support for orphans were all raised in 300 yuan, reaching 1.800 yuan/year, 1.300 yuan/year and 1.500 yuan/year respectively.
(4) medical assistance for serious diseases
Our state began the pilot work of medical assistance for serious illness in XX. Over the past few years, the state has helped more than 200,000 people, effectively alleviating the difficulties of patients with serious and serious diseases. In XX years, our state further promoted the reform and development of medical assistance in accordance with the principle of "canceling the restriction of diseases, expanding the scale of assistance, canceling or lowering the threshold of assistance, increasing the amount of assistance, simplifying the procedures of assistance and improving the level of assistance". Redefine the scope, deductible line and amount of assistance. At the same time, low-income residents in hospital are exempted from registration fees and diagnosis fees, injection fees, observation fees and hospital bed fees by 50%, operation fees and auxiliary examination fees by 30%, and routine drugs 10%.
(5) Temporary assistance
In order to alleviate the sudden and temporary difficulties of urban and rural residents, low-income families and other needy families in time, China has established a temporary assistance system. The annual assistance standard for urban residents is generally not more than that for 800 yuan, and that for rural residents is generally not more than that for 400 yuan. For orphans of AIDS and tuberculosis under 18 years of age, if both parents died of AIDS and tuberculosis, or if one parent died of AIDS and tuberculosis and the other died of other reasons, the average monthly living assistance will be given in 200 yuan (living expenses 150 yuan, raising service fee 50 yuan). In XX, there were more than 5,000 temporary relief workers in Quanzhou. In addition, starting from March 1 day of XX, employees who were laid off in the 1960s and enjoyed 40% relief will be given a monthly increase of 25 yuan, and other relief recipients who do not meet the 40% requirement (including those released by the Kuomintang) will be given a monthly increase of 20 yuan.
Second, the main problems
There are many reasons for the poverty of social assistance recipients.
First, long-term illness or sudden illness or serious illness leads to poverty. Because of illness, the recipients can't get income through labor, and the high medical expenses increase the burden. Second, the lack of labor, old or disabled family members, leading to poverty. Some poor households have no labor force, no economic income, and live in poverty because of old age or disability. Third, low education and low income. For various reasons, many people drop out of school because of poverty, and their education level is low. In the development of family economy, there is a lack of planning, technology and management ability, less income from going out to work, and lack of ability to get rid of poverty and become rich. The fourth is poverty caused by external factors such as traffic congestion and poor living environment. Fifth, a large number of natural disasters exist. Due to the particularity of geographical location, snowstorms, rainstorms and hail disasters often occur in our state.
The level of assistance is relatively low
Generally speaking, the scope and standards of social assistance in China are expanding and improving year by year, and the basic living rights and interests of vulnerable groups have been basically guaranteed, but the level of protection is still at a low level. First, the ability of survival support is limited. Urban and rural subsistence allowances are not high, and they can only maintain the most basic life. The new rural cooperative medical system, medical assistance for serious illness and temporary assistance can not alleviate the fundamental problem. Second, the needs of family development cannot be guaranteed. Poor families in urban and rural areas have very limited investment in their children's education, and many children drop out of school; Due to cultural, age, physical and other reasons, it is difficult for people in difficulty to start a business and get employment, and the income source is very limited, so the family poverty situation cannot be fundamentally solved. Third, the scope of assistance is still relatively narrow. By the end of XX, there were10.366 million rural poor people in our state, including 510.97 million absolute poor people and 845.8 million low-income poor people. At present, only 200,000 people in Quanzhou are included in the rural minimum living security.
(C) the local financial support for social assistance fund security mechanism is not strong.
* * Zhou is a poverty-stricken area that integrates "the old, the young, the border, the mountains, the poor and the reservoir", and its eight counties and cities are state-level poverty-stricken counties. The local financial strength of counties and cities is weak, and the funds available for social assistance are very limited, which are mainly guaranteed by the funds allocated by superiors. Moreover, for various reasons, the funds for social assistance work are also relatively small.
(D) The management system and operation mechanism of social assistance are not perfect.
First, the income evaluation system is not perfect, and family income is difficult to calculate. Second, there is insufficient connection between various social assistance systems. At present, the social assistance system includes minimum living security, medical assistance, education aid, judicial assistance, housing and employment assistance. However, many aid systems have no special provisions, and there are problems of multiple management and fragmentation. Third, the grassroots rescue network platform is weak. Problems such as imperfect rescue organizations and teams and insufficient funds in our state are increasingly prominent, which directly affects the implementation of social assistance policies at the grassroots level. At present, there are only 22 low-income workers in Quanzhou, and 88 township offices have 159 low-income workers, 75 of whom are part-time. Rural welfare homes have few managers and low wages, and some counties and cities have not approved their establishment and have not included their working funds in the budget.
Three. Countermeasures and suggestions
(1) Taking the central transfer payment funds as the leading factor, and increasing the input of local social security funds.
Fund is the lifeline of social assistance system. To establish an inclusive social assistance system, we must first formulate a basic system to ensure the supply of assistance funds. Governments at all levels are responsible subjects of social assistance work, and financial input is a reliable and stable source of social assistance funds. It is necessary to establish a scientific, reasonable, standardized and effective financial input mechanism. Combined with the actual situation in our state, it is necessary to establish a mechanism that the central government transfers funds as the leading factor, and all levels of finance implement full expenditure and timely disbursement, and fully incorporate all kinds of supporting funds and working funds for social assistance into the fiscal budget. Fully arrange the budgets of urban subsistence allowances (not less than 0.8%- 1.5% of the general budget income at the corresponding level), rural subsistence allowances (per capita 40 yuan) and medical assistance funds for serious illness, and establish a natural budget growth mechanism with the growth of local fiscal revenue, increase investment year by year, and focus on rural areas; Arrange necessary working funds to ensure the normal development of social assistance work.
(two) improve the management system and operation mechanism of social assistance work.
Social assistance is a comprehensive and systematic work. Perfecting the management system and operation mechanism of social assistance work is the organizational guarantee for doing a good job in social assistance work. First, governments at all levels should establish leadership and coordination institutions for social assistance work, whose main duties are to unify policies, coordinate the pace, and comprehensively manage and supervise social assistance work. The second is to establish a multilateral relief mechanism with departmental linkage and social participation, strengthen communication and cooperation between relevant departments and units and with the society, exchange information on a regular basis, negotiate relief actions, gradually form a long-term working mechanism of information sharing, mutual cooperation and coordinated operation, effectively integrate various social relief resources, and form a strong overall promotion force. Establish a public service center in township offices, establish a unified service platform, and rely on the center to do a good job in the acceptance, examination, declaration and fund distribution of social assistance, so as to avoid multiple declarations, multiple rescues and lack of assistance, and realize the complementarity of assistance projects and the effectiveness of assistance. Efforts will be made to promote the informationization of rescue, establish a rescue information network, and realize the sharing of information resources. Third, establish and improve the supervision mechanism, and mobilize the party and government, the media and social organizations to jointly promote the healthy development of the social assistance system through discipline inspection and supervision, audit supervision and public opinion supervision.
(3) Do a good job in linking and supporting the various systems of the social assistance system.
The social assistance system is rich in content, complex in elements and wide in coverage. Must be considered as a whole, the overall design, focusing on improving the overall efficiency of the system. We should pay attention to the connection and matching of two levels: First, we should integrate and standardize each individual assistance system, so that each assistance system can be connected with each other to form an organic system and give full play to the overall efficiency of the social assistance system. The second is to promote the connection between the social assistance system and social insurance, social welfare, employment and reemployment, and poverty alleviation and development. It is necessary to further improve the connection with employment, poverty alleviation, housing, medical care and other policies. Civil affairs and labor departments should establish a joint meeting system to strengthen coordination and cooperation, and civil affairs departments should strengthen the classified management of subsistence allowances and strengthen dynamic management; The labor department should conscientiously implement the support policies to promote the employment and re-employment of vulnerable groups, take the creation of new jobs as the goal, strengthen employment services as the means and increase capital investment as the guarantee to support and encourage the employment of vulnerable groups. In their work, the poverty alleviation department focuses on absorbing the working family members of poor families who enjoy the minimum living allowance to participate in project promotion and employment, and provides free technical training to strengthen the connection with other policies of benefiting farmers, so as to help the recipients get rid of poverty and embark on the road of self-reliance through support. The departments of civil affairs, labor and health have set up a "trinity" window of insurance, cooperative medical care and medical assistance in designated hospitals, all of which pay compensation and assistance centrally, and then settle accounts uniformly afterwards, which not only reduces the workload of all departments, but also facilitates the people in need.
(four) to strengthen the grassroots civil affairs institutions and team building.
The social assistance team is the fundamental guarantee for the implementation of various assistance policies. It is necessary to effectively speed up the construction of the social assistance work team and ensure the timely and effective implementation of social assistance at the grassroots level. According to the requirements of Hubei Provincial Civil Affairs Department's Notice on Printing and Distributing the Working Rules of Minimum Living Security in Hubei Province (Hubei Civil Administration Regulation [XX] 1No.), the National Social Assistance Office is established as a deputy county-level administrative unit, managed by the National Civil Affairs Bureau, with 3-5 approved personnel; Counties and cities should set up specialized social assistance institutions (minimum living security bureau, minimum living security management office or social assistance bureau, social assistance management office) to be responsible for the examination and approval management of local urban and rural subsistence allowances and related social assistance, and implement staff according to the requirement of "no less than 1 staff per 3,000 objects"; Township offices shall set up minimum workstations with no less than 2 full-time staff; Village (neighborhood) committees (communities) or other social organizations are entrusted by social assistance management institutions to undertake some social assistance work. At the same time, we can establish a community volunteer system through non-governmental organizations, and gradually bring community volunteers into the community rescue network.