(1) The earth's rotation causes the time difference between different places. As can be seen from the figure, Sydney was the first city to enter at 20: 30 on March 3 1 day, and Washington was the last city to enter at 20: 30 on March 3 1 day, so Sydney was the first city to turn off the lights, and Washington was the last city to turn off the lights.

(2) On March 3 1 day, the direct point of the sun is located between the equator and the Tropic of Cancer. At this time, Beijing in the northern hemisphere should have long days and short nights.

(3) As can be seen from the picture, the strait through which the Japanese border passes is the Bering Strait, which connects the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.

(4) A is Africa, and its tropical rain forest climate is mainly located in Congo Basin where the equator passes, and it is bounded by a Suez Canal with Asia; B is South America, and its tropical rainforest climate is mainly located in the Amazon Plain, crossing the equator and bounded by the Panama Canal B. Jorgenello is located in Brazil, and its population is mainly distributed in the southeast coast. As can be seen from the figure, the shadow parts of the two continents are tropical rain forest climate zones, so the natural factor affecting the sparsely populated shadow parts of the two continents is climate.

So the answer is: (1) rotation; Sydney; Washington; (2) The days are long and the nights are short; (3) Bering; Arctic Ocean; Pacific Ocean; 4. Congo; Amazon; Tropical; Suez; Panama; Climate; Southeast coast.