Chartered certified accountants (ACCA) Certificate chartered certified accountants Association (ACCA) is the leading professional accountant group in the world today, and it is also the professional accountant organization with the largest number of overseas students and the fastest growing student scale in the world. At present, it has nearly 500,000 members and students in more than 80 countries/regions around the world, with more than 200 test sites, and its operation is truly international.
Since its establishment, ACCA has played an important role in the training of accountants and financial managers and the service development of the business community. Since 1930s, ACCA has pushed the vocational qualification examination overseas, and provided professional examination services for all parts of the world for more than 60 years. ACCA has rich experience in designing and providing extensive training. In 140 countries, ACCA directly participates in the training of accounting, auditing and financial management. ACCA plays a very important role in some regional accounting organizations, such as fees, CAPA and ICAC. Internationally, ACCA is a founding member of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASC) and a member of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC).
ACCA membership is recognized by EU legislation and company laws of many countries. Many ACCA members hold senior positions in the fields of industry, commerce, public utilities and professional practice.
Certified Financial Analyst (CFA) is the first exam in global finance, and CFA exam is well-known in China. It is a professional qualification certification in the field of securities investment and management issued by the American Investment Management and Research Association (AIMR). Since CFA exam entered China, the number of CFA applicants has increased exponentially every year. In the exam in June this year alone, the number of CFA applicants was close to 5,000. But the passing rate of candidates is very low. It is known that the CFA certification pass rate is one-fifth in the world, and it is even lower in China.
Gold content of certificate:
In view of the formality, professionalism and authority of CFA examination, its qualification has been widely recognized in the global financial field and has become a passport for banking, investment, securities, insurance, consulting and other industries. CFA certificate holders include senior staff of world-renowned financial and investment institutions, and their salaries are also considerable. CFA's annual salary in the United States is around $200,000.
International Financial Planner (CFP) With the increasing domestic financial management fever, all walks of life have higher and higher demand for financial management specialization, and the improvement of financial management awareness calls for more financial planners with professional skills. International Financial Planner (CFP) is the most authoritative professional qualification of personal financial management in the field of financial services in the world. It is sponsored by the International Association of Financial Planners (IAFP). The direction of talent training is to provide customers with comprehensive financial advice including all aspects of life according to their asset status and risk preference, so as to find the most suitable financial management method and ensure the preservation and appreciation of assets. At present, China has set up a financial planner standards committee and introduced CFP-related examinations and standards to China. It adopts two-level authentication system, namely, financial planner (AFP) and international financial planner (CFP), which is more in line with the local characteristics of China.
Gold content of certificate:
CFP certificate is one of the authoritative financial advisor certification projects in the world. For individuals, CFP certificate is the identification of financial experts, and it is also a powerful guarantee for obtaining high salary and higher vocational education. In the United States, the annual income of a CFP exceeds 100, while in China, the annual salary of a financial planner can reach 500,000. At present, the annual income of financial planning practitioners in China's insurance industry, banking industry and other fields is generally above 654.38+10,000 yuan. If they get CFP certificates, their wages will rise. With the opening of WTO market, the demand of banks for CFP will increase greatly.
The risk management of Financial Risk Manager (FRM) covers many fields. In the increasingly complex and globally integrated financial market and commodity market, effective risk management and control plays an increasingly important role. Investment banks, commercial banks, securities companies and insurance companies all put forward higher requirements for strengthening risk control, resulting in a sharp increase in the demand for financial risk management professionals. Financial Risk Manager (FRM) is a title of qualification certification in the field of financial risk management. The certification determines the necessary knowledge system of risk management analysis and decision-making that occupational risk managers should master, and the GARP, the global risk association of the United States, organizes the examination and issues certificates. GARP is a financial association with more than 30,000 members from more than 65,438+030 countries, mainly composed of risk management professionals, practitioners and researchers. Gold content of certificate: FRM certification system has been recognized by European and American multinational enterprises, regulators and Wall Street, a global financial center, and has become one of the requirements of risk management departments of many multinational institutions. At present, the average annual salary of financial risk managers has reached 6.5438+0.5 million yuan, and those who have passed FRM certification are increasingly recognized by domestic financial institutions.
Certificate acquisition:
Candidates who have reached the standard in FRM examination, have at least two years of working experience in financial risk management or trade, investment management, economy, auditing and other related fields, and are GARP members, can obtain FRM qualification certificates.
The actuary (FIA) is an actuary with scarce resources in China, and its salary has also become different inside and outside because of the cost of actuaries and international practice. Like Steven. Mi Le of Ping An Insurance Company, the most expensive actuary in China, is estimated to be worth at least RMB 3 million per year, while domestic actuaries are only RMB 500,000-600,000. Is it possible to give actuaries a high salary and hire actuaries fairly?
■ Job description
Actuaries are professionals who use actuarial methods and techniques to solve economic problems. The traditional work field of actuaries is commercial insurance, mainly engaged in product development, liability reserve accounting, profit source analysis and dynamic solvency testing.
■ Career trends
The attraction of actuaries lies in their high social status. Some people say that there are only two actuaries in China according to British standards, but according to the list of American Actuaries Association, there are no qualified actuaries in China. In fact, there are some actuaries with different qualifications in China, but the overall level still needs to be strengthened. It is predicted that China will urgently need 5,000 actuaries in the next five years.
Certified Public Accountant (CPA) certificate is suitable for people: senior talents who are going to engage in accounting profession in China.
Examination contents: accounting, auditing, financial cost management, economic law and tax law.
Comments: Those who have more than 2 years' experience in independent auditing practice can apply for a professional qualification certificate after passing the CPA examination, and then have the right to sign the audit report. Therefore, the certificate is a necessary stepping stone to obtain qualification, and many enterprises clearly require the CPA certificate when recruiting middle and senior accountants.
Certified International Investment Analyst (CIIA) exam is an advanced international certification qualification exam tailored by the Association of Certified International Investment Analysts (ACIIA) for practitioners in the fields of finance and investment. Those who have passed the CIIA exam can be awarded the CIIA title by the International Association of Certified Investment Analysts if they have more than three years of relevant working experience in financial analysis, asset management and/or investment. Since the official launch of the 2006 54 38+0 CIIA exam, more than 5,000 people around the world have taken the final exam, and more than 2,800 professionals have been awarded the title of CIIA. With the promotion of various regional and national/regional associations, CIIA will attract more professionals' reference and expand its international influence; A broader global CIIA alliance will also be gradually formed.
Financial Advisor (RFC) Financial Advisor is similar to the financial planner proposed in China at present, but RFC is a well-known authentication system recognized by all countries in the world. Its main responsibility is to help families and individuals make reasonable consumption, savings, investment, insurance and future financial planning. At present, more than 3,000 people in the world have obtained the certification qualification (RFC) of the International Association of Registered Financial Advisers, while there are only a few dozen financial advisers in Chinese mainland, and there is an extreme shortage of talents. Financial advisers are certified by the International Association of Certified Financial Advisers (IARFC).
The certificate of international registered internal auditor (CIA) is suitable for the crowd: to apply for CIA, you must have a bachelor degree or above, intermediate and above professional and technical qualifications, a certified public accountant certificate or a non-practicing certified public accountant certificate. Teachers and students in colleges and universities with specific majors can also register.
Comments: CIA has been recognized by all countries in the world as a professional certification of internal audit. With the rapid development of economy, there is an increasing demand for high-level and professional internal auditors in China. Therefore, people who pass the CIA exam are often favored by employers.
The American Certified Management Accountant (CMA) exam is a professional qualification founded by the American Institute of Certified Management Accountants (IMA) and derived from the American National Accounting Association (NAA). It has a history of more than 65,438+000 years and is one of the largest CPA associations in the United States. At present, IMA has about 1 1000 members, mainly distributed in the United States, Canada and developed countries in the world. CMA and AICPA are the two most important and authoritative accounting qualifications in the United States, and they are also the most authoritative accounting qualifications in the world. International accounting standards and management standards are mainly based on AICPA and CMA.
In China, examinations are organized by the Examination Center of the Ministry of Education of China. To take the CMA exam, you must first apply to become an ordinary member of IMA. For candidates from China, you can apply for membership through the recommendation of training institutions in China authorized by IMA. After passing two exams, you must meet the requirements of IMA in terms of qualification, conduct and more than two years of work experience before you can apply for registration as a full member.
CQF (Certificate in Quantitative Finance)-CQF (Certificate in Quantitative Finance) was designed and launched by a team of internationally renowned quantitative finance experts, including doctors from Oxford University, researchers from the Royal Academy of Sciences, and the founder of hedge fund PaulWilmott. CQF is headquartered in London, England, with training centers in new york, USA and Beijing, China. CQF builds international financial talents with international leading teachers, advanced knowledge system and practical and efficient teaching mode! At present, many professionals who have obtained CFA certificates come to participate in CQF training. CQF has won unanimous recognition and high praise internationally. Most of its students have worked for Goldman Sachs, Merrill Lynch, Morgan, HSBC, Citigroup, Barclays, ABN Amro, Bank of America, Bank for International Settlements, KPMG and so on.