Recently, the 2005 International Medical Risk Management and Patient Safety Seminar and the first working meeting on the "my country Medical Risk Monitoring and Early Warning Mechanism Research Project" co-organized by the Department of Medical Affairs of the Ministry of Health and the Chinese Medical Doctor Association were held in Beijing. Chinese and foreign experts and participants Participants conducted exchanges and discussions on the necessity of medical risk management, related procedures, assessment and processing systems, and legal basis.
Experts pointed out that gradually establishing a medical risk monitoring and early warning mechanism will help eliminate preventable errors and reduce the incidence of hidden medical accidents.
Medical risks seem to have already attracted the attention of the industry.
The most influential research paper in this area is the 1999 report "To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Healthcare System" published by the Institute of Medicine (IOM).
The medical system is not as safe as people expected. A set of data disclosed in the report is now widely cited: 44,000 to 98,000 people die from medical errors in the United States every year, more than car accidents, breast cancer and AIDS, and the annual economic loss reaches
US$17 billion to US$29 billion.
Domestic data show that my country's clinical misdiagnosis rate is about 30%, and the misdiagnosis rate of difficult cases reaches more than 40%.
A survey report by the Misdiagnosis and Mistreatment Research Association of the Chinese Hospital Management Society shows that the misdiagnosis rate of individual diseases is as high as 90%.
Research shows that the coincidence rate between clinical diagnosis and pathological anatomy diagnosis is about 70% to 80%, and the clinical treatment received by about 20% of patients during their lifetime has little to do with the disease they suffered from; in terms of medical level, diagnostic level, and medical equipment
In the process of continuous progress, the clinical misdiagnosis rate not only exists, but also inevitably maintains a certain percentage.
It is an indisputable fact that medical treatment has risks.
At present, there is no clear and unified definition of the concept of medical risk at home and abroad.
The definition of Duke University in the United States is relatively simple - the possibility of suffering damage, while in China it mostly refers to adverse phenomena in the medical process.
Recently, some domestic experts have made this statement: Uncertain hazard factors in the medical process, the possibility of directly or indirectly causing the death or disability of the patient, are medical risks.
Many studies have shown that not all uncertainties in the medical process are harmful, just because medical staff do not know enough about them or cannot grasp the timing of their appearance.
Professor Wang Beijing, the legal advisor of Peking University First Affiliated Hospital, expressed it with a more legal meaning: Uncertain factors brought about by medical behavior, or caused by it, or that occur after its implementation, leading to the possibility of adverse consequences for the patient, are medical treatments.
Risk is a probable rather than inevitable result.
Both doctors and patients lack correct understanding. Compared with other industries, people pay far less attention to medical risks. There is currently no national medical risk supervision mechanism in our country.
The safety of the civil aviation system has always been of concern to everyone, and has become the focus of social attention from time to time.
In fact, after years of construction and improvement, my country's civil aviation safety management system has become mature. Its Aviation Safety Voluntary (Confidential) Reporting System (SCASS), as a supplementary information system, has become independent, voluntary, and confidential. , non-punitive, regular reporting, database processing and a series of features that are conducive to information collection, analysis and feedback.
In a certain sense, whether to use airplanes as a means of transportation is optional, but medical care is related to health and is closely related to basic life and cannot be avoided.
Many teachers in medical schools have warned future doctors by saying that one foot is in the hospital and the other is in the court. However, this educational inheritance does not give medical staff sufficient awareness of risks.
In contrast, the shock brought by the occurrence of actual cases is far more profound than conceptual education, and the damage and distress caused after the risk occurs is often irreversible.
In a case in Hubei Province in 2000, a twin with cerebral palsy sued the hospital for irresponsible care. The hospital was ordered to pay 2.86 million yuan in compensation. However, the harm suffered by both doctors and patients cannot be measured and compensated by money.
In recent years, almost every medical dispute case involves medical technology, personal injury, financial compensation and even moral condemnation. The issue of medical risks has increasingly appeared among social hot topics.
Professor Wang Beijing, editor-in-chief of the magazine "China Health Legal System", believes that the constant changes in the main factors of medical risks are an important reason for the weakening of risk awareness among medical workers. Medical workers only have a perceptual understanding of medical risks and lack a rational understanding of the risks.
and legal awareness need to be strengthened.
It can be seen from the increasing number of medical disputes that patients and their families have a very limited understanding of medical risks.
The patient's lack of professional medical knowledge, high expectations of the doctor, and insufficient communication between the doctor and the patient are all factors. The negative emotions caused by the disease make the patient and his family unable to objectively view the unsatisfactory medical effects and drugs.
and possible adverse reactions caused by the device.
Deng Liqiang, a lawyer at Huawei Law Firm, believes that currently patients and their families have no doubts about the diagnosis and treatment efficacy of medicine and the benefits it brings to patients, but they have insufficient understanding of or even completely ignore the fact that there are risks in the medical process.
More and more patients mistakenly believe that as long as they come to the hospital, they are transferring their own risks due to the disease to the hospital or doctors.
Systemic factors lead to risks. In fact, while the importance and necessity of studying medical risks have been more widely recognized, relevant experts are also exploring the causes of their occurrence.