2. International stock financing International stocks are issued overseas, which means that enterprises directly or indirectly issue shares to international investors and list them on domestic and foreign exchanges.
3. Overseas investment fund financing The function of overseas investment fund financing is to aggregate idle funds in society and keep them together for a long time, which is quite beneficial to financiers. In addition, prudent management is the general investment strategy of investment funds, so investment funds are also quite conducive to the stability and development of the capital market.
4. Since 1980s, there have been two remarkable phenomena in the world economy: first, international direct investment has surpassed international trade and become a more important carrier in international economic ties; Second, international direct investment has surpassed international inter-bank loans and become a more important form of foreign investment structure in developing countries.
(2) Indirect financing 1. Loans from foreign governments Loans from foreign governments are credit relations with borrowing countries directly with state budget funds. Most of them are bilateral aid loans between governments, and a few are multilateral aid loans, which is a form of national capital export.
International project financing is a special financing method, which relies on the future cash flow of the project itself as a guarantee condition. Project financing has the following characteristics:
1. At least the project sponsor, project company and fund provider are involved.
2. The fund provider mainly relies on the project itself, and illegal financing is essentially different from it. Project financing is a financing method with no recourse or limited recourse, that is, if the project cannot repay the loan funds in the future, the creditors can only get the benefits and assets of the project itself, but have no right to get their hands on other assets of the project sponsors. The main difference between project financing and traditional financing is that according to the traditional financing method, the lender lends money to the borrower, and then the borrower invests the borrowed money in a project, and the obligation to repay the debt is borne by the borrower. Lenders value the borrower's credit, operating conditions, capital structure, and the degree of assets and liabilities. , rather than the success or failure of the project he runs, because the borrower has other assets that can be used to pay off debts. However, according to the way of project financing, the sponsors or organizers of the project will generally set up a new project company to raise funds for the project, and the lender will directly lend the funds to the project company, not the project sponsor. In this case, the obligation to repay the loan is borne by the project company, not by the undertaker, and the lender's loan will be repaid from the income obtained after the project is put into production. Therefore, the lender values the economy, possibility and income of the project. The success or failure of the project is of decisive significance for the lender to recover the loan. The key to the success or failure of the project lies in the fact that the project company should have accurate and complete information sources and channels in the analysis and demonstration of investment projects, conduct careful research and analysis on the market and effectively organize and implement it, fully understand and be familiar with the construction procedures of investment projects, foresee possible problems in the implementation of the projects and take corresponding countermeasures. These professional and technical jobs are usually served as financial consultants by professional financial consulting companies in some large-scale international investment projects. As an intermediary between fundraisers and investors in the capital market, financial consulting companies can make strict, scientific and technical financial planning for projects and form the smallest capital structure by virtue of their knowledge of the market and the advantages of professional financial analysts, and make rational investment decisions in the process of asset planning and investment.