The unemployment insurance fund is a special fund set up by the state to ensure the basic livelihood of employees during the period of temporary unemployment. It is the material basis and guarantee for the implementation of the unemployment insurance system, and the source of funds for the unemployed to receive insurance benefits and participate in employment services such as job introduction and vocational training. Unemployment insurance fund is the core content of establishing unemployment insurance system, otherwise, unemployment insurance system will fail. The characteristics of unemployment insurance fund: First, it is mandatory. That is, the payment obligor must fulfill the payment obligation in accordance with national laws, otherwise it will constitute an illegal act and bear corresponding legal responsibilities. The second is free. That is, after the state collects social insurance premiums, it does not need to repay them, nor does it need to pay any price to the payer. The third is fixity. That is, according to the needs of social insurance, the state implements the provisions on the object, base and proportion of social insurance premiums. At the time of collection, it will not be adjusted due to the specific situation of the payer. The fixity is also reflected in the use system of the unemployment insurance fund. According to the Regulations on Unemployment Insurance, the unemployment insurance fund consists of the following items: (1) unemployment insurance premiums paid by urban enterprises, institutions and employees. The unemployment insurance premium paid by enterprises and institutions refers to the amount paid for unemployment insurance at 2% of the total wages of the unit. The unemployment insurance premium paid by individual employees refers to the money paid for unemployment insurance according to 1% of their salary. This is the main source of unemployment insurance fund. (2) Interest of the unemployment insurance fund. The interest income of the unemployment insurance fund refers to the interest income obtained by using the fund to buy state bonds or deposit them in banks. It is an important measure to deposit the collected unemployment insurance premium in the bank or purchase national debt according to the regulations, and the interest income obtained will be the same as that of the fund, which is an important measure to ensure that the fund will not depreciate. (3) financial subsidies. Financial subsidy refers to the subsidy given by the finance at the same level to the unemployment insurance fund. Developing unemployment insurance is an important duty of the state. When the unemployment insurance premium cannot meet the needs, it is also responsible for ensuring the needs of fund expenditure through financial subsidies. (four) other funds incorporated into the unemployment insurance fund according to law. Other funds incorporated into the unemployment insurance fund according to law mainly refer to late fees. Late payment income refers to the fees charged by enterprises, institutions and individuals in arrears with unemployment insurance premiums. The late payment fee does not include the fine income.