The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee pointed out that during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China "built the largest social security system in the world, with basic medical insurance covering more than 1.3 billion people and basic old-age insurance covering nearly 1 billion people".

Legal basis:

The Social Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China

Article 11 The basic old-age insurance shall combine social pooling with individual accounts. The basic old-age insurance fund consists of employer and individual contributions and government subsidies.

article 12 an employer shall pay the basic old-age insurance premium in proportion to the total wages of its employees as stipulated by the state and record it in the basic old-age insurance pooling fund. Employees shall pay the basic old-age insurance premium according to the proportion of their wages stipulated by the state and record it in their personal accounts. Individual industrial and commercial households without employees, part-time employees who have not participated in the basic old-age insurance in the employer and other flexible employees who have participated in the basic old-age insurance shall pay the basic old-age insurance premium in accordance with state regulations and record it in the basic old-age insurance pooling fund and individual account respectively.

article 13 before employees of state-owned enterprises and institutions participate in the basic old-age insurance, the basic old-age insurance premiums that should be paid during the period of deemed payment shall be borne by the government. When the basic old-age insurance fund is under-paid, the government gives subsidies.