Social, historical, economic, political and other factors have contributed to its changes, but this is generally more obvious in modern history.

1. At the beginning of the 20th century, the vacancy left by "historical hunger" Eighty years ago, Liang Qichao said this: "Today's Chinese academic circles have fallen into a state of 'historical hunger', and we must urgently seek relief.

If part of the truth is not clear, the whole truth will eventually be invisible. To understand the truth of each part, we must use the method of division of labor to go deep into it. This is definitely not something that ordinary historians can do, and it must be done by the specialization of each school.

Everyone should share the responsibility."⑴ The phrase "history hunger" was nothing short of a shocking statement in the Chinese academic circles in the early 20th century.

Chinese historiography is one of the earliest and most mature subjects in traditional culture. The ancient Greek "Homeric Epic" and the Babylonian "Poetry of Creation" all use myths and legends transmitted by ear orally as the origin of historiography, which is credible.

But it cannot be fully believed; China started its history with actual written records.

The "Pangeng Pian of Shangshu", written more than 3,000 years ago, is a document of the emperors of the Shang Dynasty. Its reliable history is rare among ancient civilizations in the world.

The word "history" in the oracle bone inscriptions refers to the official in charge of documents. This shows that the recorders of history have recorded the people and events that actually existed since the beginning of writing. The cultural relics excavated from the ground by later generations can often confirm that the original

Written records are rarely overturned.

The Chinese nation has understood its own history with such a clear mind and a sincere attitude, and has shown an early awakening of rationality in history, which is difficult for other countries to match.

But maturity is not complete.

The administrative nature of ancient Chinese historiography and the official historian system meant that most of the contents recorded in official history were the ruler's political achievements and instructions, civil and military achievements, ceremonial ceremonies, star changes and disasters, production economy, and border conquests and other national and royal events.

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The compilers of history books are the right-hand assistants of the supreme ruler in implementing administrative decrees. Such historians are actually functional institutions of the country. They do not rise or fall with the changes of dynasties. As long as the national system continues, the setting of historians will continue.

Changes have been passed down from generation to generation, and documents and archives have been accumulated for thousands of years.

But also because of this, Zi Zhi has become the first priority in governing history. The person who expressed this intention most thoroughly and set an example was Sima Guang and his "Zizhi Tongjian". He emphasized that the purpose of clarifying history is to "explore and govern history.

The traces of chaos serve as a warning to the wise." This idea has actually become the general outline of official history books and runs through the Twenty-Four Histories.

Therefore, Liang Qichao angrily criticized this as not a national history but an "imperial genealogy."

At the same time, he also proposed that efforts should be made to "make the people realize that modern life is closely related to life in the past and future." ⑵ Although the assertion that the Twenty-Four Histories is the genealogy of the emperors is somewhat extreme, it requires that history be closely related to national life.

It is a wise saying, but this is the weakest point of Chinese historiography.

If people want to understand the evolution of laws and regulations, the evolution of social economy, and the rise and fall of countries, they can find sufficient information in literature and classics. If people want to know the feelings, lifestyles and behaviors of the people at that time, they can find it in official history.

Liao.

Notes and novels, which are regarded as unofficial historians, have preserved a large amount of social and cultural information for later generations. However, due to the bias of orthodox historiography and the coexistence of good and bad in such works, they are disordered and have not been systematically organized and fully utilized.

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How did those businessmen and merchants, farmers and village women, traders and servants live on the land of China and create a splendid civilization? Where can we get a glimpse of their life styles and feel their joys, sorrows, and joys? All kinds of special histories

The absence leaves a huge void.

It was in order to explore all the truth in history that Liang Qichao issued a cry of "history hunger".

History is about the people and things that happened in the past. It is a state of human affairs that has disappeared and will never come back. Due to the limitations of the times and the bias of historical governance, the historical materials left by the ancients are far from reflecting the full picture of society and the situation. Historiography

Research is to fully explore and use existing data, restore its original appearance, and explore its origins and development patterns.

Liang Qichao called for the establishment of various specialized histories precisely in order to explore the truth of history from all aspects.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, huge gaps are being filled in through archaeological excavations. The achievements of field archeology of Chu Culture and Liangzhu Culture show that the source of Chinese civilization is not limited to the Yellow River Basin. The Yangtze River Basin is also an important birthplace. This is an indisputable fact.

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New discoveries in the culture of Qilu, Bashu, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, northwest and other regions are also changing the opinions of previous history books.

Therefore, some senior academics proposed to rewrite Chinese history⑶, which was recognized by many colleagues.

It is not just the new discoveries of cultural relics that cause the rewriting of history. Changes in certain ideological concepts and downward shifts in perspective can also cause the re-examination of all or part of history.

History guided by Marxism has changed the old historiography that expounded history from the standpoint of feudal rulers, restored the historical status of the working people, and turned the reversed history upside down. This is a major change in historical writing, and all professional histories

The publication of "History Hunger" has been enriched.

However, due to the interference of ultra-left ideological trends and the absoluteization of class struggle, this rich and colorful history has turned into a history of struggle between people.