1. A securities issuer refers to an entity that issues securities in the securities market, generally including companies, enterprises, financial institutions and government departments.
2. Investors refer to people who are still buying and selling securities, and are also fund providers of securities financing methods. Investors are divided into institutional investors and individual investors. Institutional investors refer to legal entities with securities investment qualifications, generally including companies, enterprises, financial institutions, fund organizations and government agencies. Investors can directly participate in securities trading or buy and sell securities through securities brokers.
3. Securities intermediaries refer to all kinds of intermediaries that provide services for securities issuance and trading, generally including securities registration and settlement institutions, securities companies, financial advisory institutions, credit rating agencies, asset appraisal institutions, accounting firms and law firms.
4. Stock exchanges refer to service organizations that provide places and facilities for securities issuance and trading, such as Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange.
5. Securities self-regulatory organizations usually refer to securities associations, such as securities associations and exchange associations.
6. The securities regulatory agency refers to the agency that supervises and manages the securities market on behalf of the government. In China, it is the China Securities Regulatory Commission and its dispatched offices. It should be noted that the "the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority" mentioned in the Securities Law is China Securities Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as "China Securities Regulatory Commission").