First, refugees have impacted the stable structure of European society.
2065438+On March 1 1 2006, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, the United Nations World Food Programme, the United Nations Children's Fund and other agencies issued a joint statement, saying that six years of armed conflict had caused more than 250,000 deaths in Syria, half of the population was displaced and 4.8 million people fled. Although most of the refugees have been resettled in Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey, millions of Syrian refugees have entered Europe, which has impacted the stability of European society.
First of all, the influx of refugees has caused social security problems. A good social order needs stable population flow and clear information about foreigners. The entry of Syrian refugees into Europe does not meet the basic requirements of social security governance: First, the number of Syrian refugees entering Europe is large and concentrated; Second, because of the Syrian civil war, the identity information of Syrian refugees cannot be accurately verified. This situation has brought great challenges to European countries in maintaining social order. At the same time, the violent conflict caused by Syrian refugees also poses a great threat to social security. On the one hand, it is difficult for Syrian refugees to find jobs in Europe, and the pressure of survival is enormous, and violent incidents have surged. Syrian refugees entering Europe find it difficult to obtain employment opportunities because of language and other factors. For example, only about 65,438+000 Syrian refugees are employed by large German enterprises. This situation makes Syrian refugees in Europe have to bear great pressure of survival and mental stress, which is easy to trigger violent incidents. For example, on July 24th, 20 16, a Syrian refugee hacked to death a pregnant woman and injured a man and a woman in the street of Reutlingen, Germany. On the other hand, Europeans' rejection of refugees triggered conflicts. Take Germany, which receives the largest number of refugees, as an example. The influx of refugees has caused more and more dissatisfaction among the German people. Fighting with refugees, besieging refugee buses, laughing at refugees and other xenophobic incidents have increased significantly. In 20 1000, there were about 1000 incidents, five times that of the previous year.
Secondly, the entry of Syrian refugees into Europe has changed the balance of religious power in Europe. For Europe, religion is an important force to educate people and maintain social stability. In Europe, the main body of people's belief is Christianity, and few people believe in Islam, most of whom are immigrants. With the influx of millions of Syrian refugees who believe in Islam into Europe, Islam in Europe will expand on a large scale in a short time. Although this will not challenge the dominant position of Christianity, it will form a religious advantage in a local area (maybe a city or a small town) and change the traditional religious pattern in Europe. At the same time, after entering Europe, Syrian refugees who believe in Islam can't adapt to the social life habits of their refuge and insist on not "assimilation", which is easy to form an "isolated" state in Europe, burying hidden dangers of "clash of civilizations" and ethnic conflicts. It can be predicted that the large-scale settlement of Syrian refugees in Europe will change the composition of European society and impact the stable structure of European society.
Second, refugees have promoted changes in the political ecology of European countries.
The influx of refugees into Europe, to a certain extent, has promoted the change of European political ecology, strengthened the concept of state, and made nationalism rise rapidly in Europe, which is already highly integrated.
On the one hand, the resettlement of refugees has triggered a chain reaction of re-establishing border inspection in European countries, and the already diluted national borders in Europe have been strengthened. According to the relevant provisions of international law, "any refugee or displaced person shall not be forced to return to his country when he finally refuses to return to his country of origin for just reasons in complete freedom." After Syrian refugees enter Europe, Europe needs to bear the responsibility of refugee resettlement. In this regard, the way adopted by Europe is "responsibility sharing", that is, European countries negotiate refugee resettlement plans and transfer refugees to a fixed amount. However, the effect of this mechanism is not ideal. For example, in the resettlement plan of 6.5438+0.6 million people formulated in 2065.438+05, only more than 654.38+0.000 refugees were resettled. Most European countries are unwilling to accept refugees into their jurisdiction and re-establish border inspections to stop refugees, ignoring the responsibility of "European integration." It can be said that the re-establishment of border inspection is a serious shake to the Dublin Agreement and Schengen Agreement, which stipulate the free circulation of people and goods within the EU, and it is also a manifestation of the "reverse growth" of European integration.
On the other hand, the refugee problem stimulated European nationalism. According to refugee conventions and agreements, "legally resident refugees enjoy the same treatment as their nationals in public relief and assistance, labor legislation and social security". After Syrian refugees enter Italy, France, Germany and other European countries, after confirming their refugee status, these countries need to provide them with living places and materials to ensure their lives, and even provide identity certificates and naturalization facilities. Faced with a large number of Syrian refugees, European countries need to pay a lot of money, which was originally used to serve their own people. This led people to oppose the policy of accepting refugees and lose trust in the ruling party. The German ruling Christian Democratic Union led by Merkel suffered a historic setback in the local elections in Berlin because of its policy of welcoming refugees, which is a clear reflection of this situation. In addition, the security problems, employment pressure and obvious cultural differences brought by refugees, under the catalysis of successive terrorist attacks in Europe, nationalist sentiment broke out rapidly in European countries, and prompted the rise of far-right political forces in France, Austria, the Netherlands and other European countries. This has also changed the original political ecology of European countries.
Third, refugees pose a threat to the national security of European countries.
During the period when a large number of Syrian refugees fled to Europe to seek asylum, IS terrorist organizations active in the border areas between Syria and Iraq planned terrorist attacks in Paris and Brussels. Although there IS no necessary connection between Syrian refugees and IS terrorist organizations, it is undeniable that Syrian refugees have facilitated terrorists to enter Europe for terrorist activities to a certain extent, posing a threat to the national security of European countries.
First, the route for refugees to enter Europe is used by terrorists. There are two main routes for Syrian refugees to enter Europe: the western Balkan route (countries along the way: Turkey-Greece-Macedonia, Bulgaria, Serbia-Romania, Hungary-Austria-Germany-Northern Europe) and the eastern Mediterranean route in eastern Greece. After a short stay in eastern or southern European countries, Syrian refugees will continue to move to central European countries, western European countries and northern European countries in order to obtain the qualification to enter other European countries. Judging from the current situation, a large number of Syrian refugees have explored mature and abnormal routes. IS terrorist organizations with concentrated terrorists are active in the border areas of Syria and Iraq. Its internal members can completely start from Syria and enter European countries along the route of Syrian refugees to Europe, avoiding the strict visa review of European countries, so as to achieve their own purpose of engaging in illegal activities.
Second, terrorists use refugee status as a cover, making it more difficult for European countries to investigate terrorists. According to the provisions of international law, countries of refuge need to provide identification for refugees to facilitate their travel. At the same time, after Syrian refugees enter Europe, they can make use of the convenience of the Schengen Agreement and move freely among the signatories of the Schengen Agreement. In other words, Syrian refugees can freely enter and leave other Schengen member countries without hindrance as long as their legal status is confirmed in any Schengen member country. This makes it possible for terrorists to use refugee status as a cover to enter Europe and move between European countries. At the same time, the huge number of Syrian refugees and the chaotic situation of the Syrian civil war make it impossible for European countries to accurately investigate the personal information of Syrian personnel, which greatly increases the probability of terrorists' "impunity". In fact, the "special protection" of individual rights in Europe undoubtedly facilitates the free activities of terrorists within Europe.
Fourth, the refugee issue has prompted Europe to reflect on its current Syrian policy.
The reason for the development of the Syrian crisis is that the anti-government forces want to fight for their own interests. The reason why European countries support Syrian rebels in their armed struggle is to help the Syrian people gain democracy and freedom. But what is embarrassing is that today's Syria is not a paradise for democracy, but a land of war, which has caused more than 250,000 deaths, nearly 10 million people have been displaced, and more than 4.8 million people have become refugees. Faced with these tragic experiences of the Syrian people, Europe needs to reflect on its attitude towards Syria.
First, the democratic system and values of "war+democracy" are not suitable for Syria. From Iraq to Syria today, European countries have followed the footsteps of the United States in an attempt to establish a Western-style democratic model in the Middle East through war. As a result of this behavior, Iraq has changed from a "lion in the Middle East" to a place where terrorists are rampant; The war in Syria continues, the country's construction is stagnant and the people are displaced. "oranges are born in Huainan and oranges are born in Huaibei." Western-style democracy has formed a corresponding mature political system after long-term practice, but this does not mean that it can be popularized anywhere in the world. We don't want to maliciously speculate on the intention of European countries to support Syrian rebels to provoke war, but the situation in Syria has proved that such practices of exporting values and solving problems by force in European countries are endless.
Second, accepting and resettling refugees is not the key to solving the problem. Due to the advancement of globalization, the current Syrian issue has evolved into an international issue. Russia and the United States are "shirtless", Turkey and European countries are "as busy as a bee", and the United Nations and other countries are "powerless". The root cause of the current Syrian crisis and the Syrian refugee problem is the Syrian civil war. Therefore, the key for European countries to solve the problem of Syrian refugees lies in bringing peace to Syria as soon as possible. Otherwise, the number of refugees fleeing to Europe will continue to increase, and the influence of Syrian refugees will continue to ferment in Europe.
In a word, Syrian refugees not only bring the burden of social resources to Europe, but also have a great impact on the social structure, political ecology and national security of European countries. In the face of the continuous influx of Syrian refugees, Europe should reflect on its policy toward Syria.