There are 8 major ancient capitals in China, and Henan accounts for 4 of them, namely Luoyang, Kaifeng, Zhengzhou, and Anyang. Which one of them is not the ancient capital of several dynasties? There is a saying that goes like this: Beijing has a hundred years of history, Xi'an has a thousand years of history, and Xi'an has a history of five thousand years. Henan Shanxi National key cultural relics protection units in various provinces of China: Shanxi (119) Henan (97) Shaanxi (89) Hebei (86) Zhejiang (72) Sichuan (62) Beijing (60) Jiangsu (53) Hubei (52) Shandong (51) Guangdong (48) Fujian (45) Gansu (42) Xinjiang (41) Inner Mongolia (36) Anhui (36) Liaoning (35) Hunan (34) Yunnan (32) Tibet (27) Jiangxi (24) Guangxi (22) Guizhou ( 19) Jilin (18) Shanghai (16) Heilongjiang (14) Chongqing (13) Qinghai (11) Ningxia (10) Tianjin (8) Hainan (7) Henan ranks first in the country in underground cultural relics and second in the country in above-ground cultural relics (Shaanxi ranks first in above-ground cultural relics) First) So it is said: Those who know the Central Plains know China. Since my country began to select the top ten archaeological discoveries of the year in 1990, Henan Province, located in the Central Plains, has included 24 archaeological discoveries. Almost every year, one or two archaeological discoveries are selected, which is fully It shows the status of Henan as a major cultural relics province.

Henan Province, known as the "Chinese History and Natural Museum", is one of the main birthplaces of Chinese national culture.

From the Xia and Shang Dynasties to the Song and Jin Dynasties, Henan has long been at the center of China's politics, economy, and culture. More than 20 dynasties have established their capitals here. It is the province with the most and longest capital dynasties in Chinese history. It is one of the eight ancient capitals in China.

, Henan has four.

A recent survey of the province's cultural relics resources by the Henan Provincial Cultural Relics Department showed that the number of cultural relics buried underground ranks first in China, with a collection of 1.4 million cultural relics, accounting for nearly one-tenth of the cultural relics in China's collections, and has a national

There are nearly 100 key cultural relics protection units.

Henan is one of the provinces with the largest number of cultural relics of all types among all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in the country.

There are more than 30,000 valuable immovable cultural relics in the province.

The province has identified more than 30,000 valuable ancient sites, ancient tombs, ancient buildings, grotto statues and other immovable cultural relics, and there are more than 1.4 million movable cultural relics of various types collected by state-owned cultural relics collection units.

The province has 1 world cultural heritage (namely Luoyang Longmen Grottoes), 97 national key cultural relics protection units, 624 provincial-level cultural relics protection units, and more than 5,000 city and county-level cultural relics protection units; there are 8 national historical and cultural cities and 20

It is a famous historical and cultural city (town) in Henan Province.

Among the eight ancient capitals in China, Henan accounts for four: Luoyang, Kaifeng, Anyang and Zhengzhou.

Henan has a large number of cultural relics, a wide distribution, a full range of categories, high value and a long historical span, which has established a solid position as a major cultural relics province in the country.

1. Henan’s underground cultural relics rank first in the country. Henan is located in the Central Plains and is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation.

From the Xia and Shang Dynasties to the Song and Jin Dynasties, this place has long been the political, economic and cultural center of our country. Therefore, the number of cultural relics buried underground in Henan ranks first in the country.

Henan's underground cultural relics have the following salient features: First, they are large in number and complete in variety.

Second, the time span is large and eras succeed each other.

Third, it has great value and high reputation.

Fourth, the distribution area is wide and the density is high.

Fifth, there is a large proportion of ancient large-scale sites with particularly rich cultural relics.

(1) Prehistoric Sites More than 50 Paleolithic sites and ancient human fossil sites have been discovered in Henan.

Among them, Lingbaoyingli, Shuimogou and Huixing Valley in Sanmenxia, ??Mianchi Qingshan and Ren Village, Luoyang Beiyao, Nanzhao Xinghua Mountain and Xiaokong Mountain, Anyang Xiaonanhai, Xuchang Lingjing, Wuyang Dagang, etc. are all famous throughout the country.

The Paleolithic Age sites constitute a complete development sequence of the Paleolithic Age in the Central Plains.

In particular, the Nanzhao Man fossil is of the same age as the Zhoukoudian Peking Man.

This place is not far from the places where Lantian Man in Shaanxi, Yunxian in Hubei and Yunxi Man were unearthed, proving that ancient humans lived in the vast areas adjacent to the three provinces of Henan, Hubei and Shaanxi for a long time.

The Peiligang culture, named after the Peiligang site in Xinzheng, Henan, dates back more than 8,000 years and is a famous early Neolithic culture in my country.

More than 120 Peiligan cultural sites have been discovered across the province.

Among them, the seven-hole bone flute unearthed from Jiahu in Wuyang, oracle bone deed symbols similar to characters, and artificially cultivated rice have caused a sensation in the international academic community.

Henan is the hometown of Yangshao culture, which is named after the ruins of Yangshao Village in Mianchi, where modern Chinese archeology originated.

More than 800 similar sites have been discovered in the province, such as the ancient Yangshao cultural city site in Xishan, Zhengzhou, the painted pottery from Dahe Village in Zhengzhou and Hongshan Temple in Ruzhou, the dragon and tiger patterns carved with clam shells on the west slope of Puyang, Xiawanggang and Dengzhou in Xichuan

The longhouses composed of dozens of house foundations in Baligang are rare archaeological discoveries.

More than 1,000 Longshan cultural sites have been discovered in Henan, including Wangchenggang in Dengfeng, Pingliangtai in Huaiyang, Haojiatai in Yancheng, Mengzhuang in Huixian, and Ancient City Village in Xinmi, as well as the remains of cast bronzes and original characters.

, providing irreplaceable physical data for exploring the origin of ancient Chinese civilization and searching for early Xia culture.