The development of speed reading abroad 1, the development of speed reading in the United States.
After World War II, with the further development of American economy, technology and culture, speed reading began to enter the promotion stage. Initially, it was the world-famous Harvard University that opened the first speed reading training course. Driven by it, this kind of training course quickly spread in universities, middle schools and primary schools all over the country. The state and various foundations have invested successively, and concentrated a group of experts and scholars to conduct research and promotion, set up schools, publish monographs and set up degrees, so that this new discipline can grow rapidly and healthily.
At present, there are speed reading colleges in the United States that specialize in studying and teaching speed reading, and can award doctoral degrees to learners. Modern computer and multimedia technology have also played a role in speed reading training, making the training process more interesting, colorful and easy to see the effect.
At present, more than 80% colleges and universities in the United States have set up fast reading courses, and many primary and secondary schools have included fast reading in their teaching plans, so that students can master this efficient learning method and working method as soon as possible. It can be seen that speed reading, a new discipline, has been widely recognized by all walks of life in the United States and has a fairly high academic status.
The United States Congress named the 1990s as "10 Brain Year", and President Bush also approved the legislation. 2 1 century, the Bush administration found in a social survey that more than half of American children's reading ability failed to reach the passing line. Recognizing the seriousness of the problem, in 2002, President Bush proposed that the US Congress passed a resolution. From 2004 to 2008, the government invested 5 billion dollars to improve students' reading ability, which was used to promote children aged 8- 16 to improve their reading ability extensively. Every child is required to learn to read quickly in the third grade. In 2004, the US government allocated more than 6,543.8 billion dollars to help states develop reading programs. In 2005, the budget increased to 1 1 billion dollars, which shows that the world's first power attaches importance to improving the learning ability of Chinese people.
2. The development of fast reading in Europe
In Britain, the Center for Applied Psychology of Cambridge University introduced the teaching methods of Harvard University and improved them. The length of the film is used to control the time when reading materials appear on the screen, and the adult fast reading training class is set up with film teaching, which makes this method have a new development and a greater promotion pace.
In France, 65438-0966 established the International Speed Reading Association in Paris. Many scholars have studied the essence of reading, the psychological characteristics of reading and the optimization of reading effect from the perspectives of linguistics, psychology, physiology, philosophy and sociology, in order to solve specific problems such as reading design and reading guidance, and designed various training programs for fast reading and fast learning.
In the same year, speed reading textbooks were designated as textbooks and distributed to the whole country. By the 1970s, speed reading had become an independent subject in France and was included in the national key scientific research projects. In the early 1980s, France carried out the "creative reading method" in primary schools all over the country, aiming at cultivating children's independent reading ability by using their cultural knowledge and ability to use knowledge.
3. The development of fast reading in the former Soviet Union
The former Soviet Union was also a country that studied and popularized fast reading earlier. As early as the 1920s, Roberg wrote An Introduction to Mental Work, Bo Vanin wrote How to Read, and Usnov wrote How to Improve Oral and Written Skills, calling on all sectors of society to pay enough attention to fast reading.
1966, two researchers in Odessa, Postolovski and Semenoff, began to experiment with the fast reading method with their own reading accelerator. 1970, the experiment of the experimental group code-named "Quantum -700" shows that the reading speed of people who have been trained for a certain period of time can be improved by three times. Later, they trained four or five hundred people, and most of them improved their reading speed by two or three times.
Since then, speed reading laboratories and schools have been established in various parts of the former Soviet Union. They put the focus of popularization work on primary and secondary schools, and included speed reading as a formal course in the teaching plan, and achieved fruitful results.
1982, the former Soviet Union held a scientific experiment conference on fast reading in NovKuznetsk. More than 200 researchers and teachers from all participating countries attended the conference, and more than 60 people gave reports or speeches at the conference. This meeting has greatly promoted the popularization of fast reading and the further development of related theoretical research.
4. The development of fast reading in Korea.
The research and popularization of speed reading in European and American countries began long ago, and modern means such as machinery, optics and electronics were used for teaching, but the general level of students can only reach several thousand words per minute, and few people can reach more than 10 thousand words. It is Mr. jinlong town, a Korean speed reading expert (also translated as Jin Yongzhen) who pushed the speed reading training effect to more than 10,000 words per minute, and achieved excellent teaching effect in a large area. In South Korea, jinlong town combined Qigong's functions of strengthening the body, enlightening and improving intelligence with fast reading, which greatly improved the teaching effect, far exceeding that of Europe and America.
The Korean government recognizes that speed reading is a very valuable achievement. 198 165438 In the Private School Law promulgated in February, speed reading courses were allowed as teaching subjects, and speed reading colleges and workshops established on this basis were also recognized. The Board of Education also recommended the speed reading method, which made it included in many special activities in primary and secondary schools.
Once a teacher is qualified as a speed-reading lecturer, his salary will increase. Those who become full-time speed reading lecturers will earn twice as much as before. Therefore, people engaged in education, mainly primary and secondary school teachers, try their best to learn fast reading.
Not only that, in Korea, all kinds of organizations, whether in politics, military police or business, hope to improve their study and work efficiency through speed reading training. Officers with speed-reading instructor certificates can get special allowances in addition to skill badges. Therefore, schools that teach speed reading are almost all over the city, and there are dozens in Seoul alone.
In Korea, there is also the annual "Best Speed Reading Competition Conference", which plays a great role in promoting speed reading. About 200 pre-selected players from all over the country gathered in Seoul to perform the competition. KBS (Korean Radio and Television Station) broadcast the meeting live to the whole country.
The rules and standards, reading speed and understanding and memory of the competition are formulated according to the age level. The winner of 1983 is a junior high school student. He finished reading nine books in 60 minutes, accounting for 1 1400 words, and understood and remembered the contents of the books more than 60%.
5. The development of fast reading in Japan
In Japan, fast reading experts such as Gaguqi, Kanji Kanda, Qiren Tian and Zheng Tai Sato introduced fast reading methods from South Korea and the United States respectively, and organized groups, set up schools, published special teaching materials and supporting audio-visual tapes, conducted research and promotion of fast reading, and trained fast reading experts who could read 654.38+100000 to 20000 words per minute.
In order to promote the development of speed reading, the Japan Speed Reading Association has also formulated a speed reading stage similar to the Go stage, and awarded the titles of one to four stages to players who have reached different reading speeds. Fast reading has become a trend in Japan. The "New Japan Speed Reading Association" advertised that "advocating speed reading is the general trend".
The development of fast reading in China 1, the development of fast reading in Taiwan Province province.
In China, a group of far-sighted scholars in Taiwan Province Province first studied and popularized speed reading. From 65438 to 0964, American speed reading expert Aligo published an article entitled "Speed Reading and You" in the English version of China Post, which attracted the attention of people from all walks of life in Taiwan Province Province.
Some people in education began to study fast reading, some people in the press actively promoted fast reading, some people in publishing began to publish books introducing fast reading, and some people imported a number of "speed readers" to the United States for fast reading training. Among them, Mr. Wang and his Wang Speed Reading Publishing House are the most influential. Wang Mengshi graduated from the Chinese Department of China Culture College and studied Chinese fast reading under Yan Murong, a fast reading expert.
1967 after Yan Murong's death, Wang Mengshi inherited his system, continued to study and popularize speed reading, created a set of systematic theories, methods and systems, and trained a large number of speed reading talents for all walks of life. By the 1980s, the total number of students had exceeded 654.38 million.
He also founded Wang Speed Reading Publishing House and published more than 65,438+00 speed reading textbooks for different objects. Among them, in addition to his own works, his teacher Yan Murong wrote "Speed Reading Self-Training Method" and his student Liu Zhenkun wrote "How to Stimulate Your Speed Reading Potential" is also very influential. He also developed an eye training machine for speed reading training.
Ms. Tan Dashi, the principal of the primary school affiliated to Taipei Normal University, began to study and popularize speed reading at 1968. She wrote a book, Speed Reading Teaching, and conducted a large-scale teaching experiment in her own school.
Her practice has proved that after training, the reading speed of primary school students in lower grades can reach 300-400 words per minute, that of middle-grade students can reach about 1000 words per minute, that of senior students can reach about 2000 words per minute, and that of the fastest reading speed can reach about 8000 words per minute. At the speed reading teaching observation meeting in Taiwan Province Province, the school held a public demonstration teaching with the scale of 36 classes, which confirmed the possibility and reality of popularizing speed reading in a large area, and its theoretical and practical significance should not be underestimated.
2. The development of fast reading in China.
Since the reform and opening up, speed reading has gradually developed in China, and the results of research and promotion have become more and more remarkable. This new subject is being recognized and accepted by more and more people.
Speed reading has been studied in China for more than ten years.
From 65438 to 0980, Wang Bingqin translated the "Speed Reading Method" co-authored by Kuznetsov and Morof of the former Soviet Union.
198 1 Mr. Zhang Zhigong, a famous linguist and Chinese educator in China, pointed out: "Now, the ability to read from one line to another is not a child prodigy, but a reading ability that everyone can and should have." In the same year,, Huang Shaoliang,, Xu, and others collaborated in translating Dr. Cutler's monograph "Accelerating Your Reading". Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, Huang Shaoliang, and Xu Xuhui.
1982, Hu Yaobang, then a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, pointed out when talking with young cadres, "I think we should cultivate the ability and habit of fast reading. There are many books that can be read quickly, and the ability to read quickly can be trained. "
1984 Henan province set up a fast reading research association and set up fast reading courses in some schools.
1985 The monograph "Fast Reading Method" by Kuznetsov and Morof of the former Soviet Union was translated by Yang Chunhua and published by China Youth Publishing House.
From 65438 to 0986, Lu Baoyuan gave a series of lectures on the method of fast reading in the journal of Chinese Teaching Exchange. From 65438 to 0987, Fast Reading edited by Lu Zhenyi was published as one of the "three fast" (fast reading, fast memory and fast composition) textbooks sponsored by Jinzhou Memory Research Association.
From 65438 to 0988, the practical speed reading method proposed by Japanese speed reading expert Lu Tian was translated by Wu and published by Shanghai Culture Publishing House. In the same year, Cheng, a fast reading expert and special teacher, wrote and published "Efficient Reading Ability Training" by China Railway Publishing House. Since then, he has successively compiled fast reading textbooks combined with Chinese teaching in middle schools, becoming a pioneer in the combination of fast reading and formal Chinese teaching in middle schools in China, and his scientific research achievements have won many awards.
His proposition that "Chinese teaching must improve the reading speed of middle school students" has been included in the current Chinese teaching syllabus of middle schools. Sichuan Dictionary Publishing House published the reading dictionary edited by Li Decheng, and the fast reading method is an important part of it.
Dongtai Normal School in Jiangsu Province also began to carry out qigong puzzle teaching experiments this year, and fast reading is one of the important contents. Later, Feng Xue wrote in an experimental report entitled "Developing Right Brain to Improve Quality": "The reading ability test result is 1990 10. In the experimental class, students began to carry out fast reading and memory training under the functional state of Qigong. After a period of time, the average reading efficiency of the whole class (reading efficiency = reading speed+understanding and memory rate) has improved from the original 60.2 words per minute. (Qigong Journal, Volume 13, No.6, Page 195)
1989, translated by Wang Yanliang and Chen Junjie, The Magical Memory Method for Fast Reading published by Xinhua Publishing House, Japanese fast reading expert Gagdaz. In the same year, Hu Heqiang translated American Manel's Efficient and Fast Reading Method, which was published by Shaanxi People's Publishing House.
1990, Zheng Tai Sato, a Japanese speed reading expert, published The Speed Reading Method of Stirring the Brain by Sanlian Bookstore. In the same year, Super Speed Reading edited by Zhao Yuan was published by Academy Press. This book mainly refers to the Japanese speed reading expert Zheng Tai Sato's Speed Reading and Taiwan Province Province's Ai Tianxi's Amazing Speed Reading.
In 199 1, _ _ Qiang Hesheng cooperated in translating Fran's Guide to Speed Reading Education, which was published by Fujian Education Press.
1992 Zhejiang Children's Publishing House published Le Julian, a special teacher in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province. The book is easy to understand, with both theoretical hints and experimental citations; There are also teaching examples, which are vivid and fascinating; There are also the main points and objectives of grading training. The content of the arrangement is knowledgeable, readable and practical.
In the same year, Zhu translated Sheft's Self-study Fast Reading Method, which was published by China International Broadcasting Press. The Speed Reading Training Law for Grade Three and Grade Four, co-authored by speed reading experts Yan, Yan and Yi Minghui, was also published by Sichuan Children's Publishing House this year. The characteristic of this training method is that it is synchronized with Chinese teaching in middle schools, from easy to difficult, from divided to combined, step by step and gradually improved. It is also a beneficial and successful attempt to formally incorporate speed reading teaching into Chinese teaching in middle schools. Anhui People's Publishing House also published the book Efficient Reading co-authored by Shen Hui and others.
1993 Knowledge Publishing House published "Super Fast Reading Method" edited by Cheng and Shi. Its characteristics are not only the general fast reading method, but also the fast reading methods of various styles. Shaanxi Education Publishing House also published a series of books on Modern Fast Learning Method edited by Wang Yuhong, and fast reading is one of the important contents.
On September 20th, 2002 1994 and June 2nd1,Guangming Daily reported the methods and examples of speed reading shorthand respectively.
1995, the simplified Chinese version of Effective Brain Potential by Xie Jiaan, Chairman of Hong Kong Brain Potential Center, and published by Science Press. Half of the book is devoted to "effective reading methods", and speed reading is one of its important contents. In the same year, Kato's Reading Skills: Fast and Effective Reading Skills was translated by Li Cuiwei, Li Yunan and Zhu Fulai and published by China Youth Publishing House.
65438-0997 The Revolution of Learning translated by Gu, Chen Biao and * * *, co-authored by Dryden, New Zealand and Voss, published by Shanghai Sanlian Bookstore. Fast reading is one of the key contents of this book.
In 2000, domestic institutions began to formally try the training program of speed reading and shorthand.
In 2003, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province set up a training institution for speed reading and shorthand of Leize Education, which has become one of the few institutions in China with remarkable training effect and memory effect. It has become the only professional institution in China that allows ordinary students to read at a speed of 65,438+00,000 words to 30,000 words per minute, and the understanding and memory of reading once can reach 75% to 90%.
Fast reading development related articles:
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2. The development history of whole brain speed reading
3. The development of fast reading at home and abroad
4. Definition and principles of fast reading