The legend of schizophrenic patients.

Even now, when people talk about schizophrenics, the usual reactions are still fear, strangeness, exclusion and discrimination. It is difficult for normal people living in real society and ordinary life to understand the strange behavior and behavior of mental patients. However, in our society, there are more and more mental patients. They need not only the attention of doctors and psychologists, but also the recognition and support of the public.

Akiva Goelz Man, the screenwriter of A Beautiful Mind, carefully arranged the plot, and russell crowe, the actor of NASS, performed beautifully. There is also the beautiful campus in the golden autumn of Princeton, the calm and ethereal music and the layered lens, all of which make "A Beautiful Mind" a delicate and beautiful film and win four Oscars in one fell swoop. However, what is really impressive is Nass's wonderful thoughts and legendary experience in the film, and what really touches people's hearts is the touching love brought by Ai Lisha, and the beauty of human nature that Nass experienced through his legendary experience in his life.

Akiva Goelz Mann's parents are well-known psychologists in new york, and he knows a lot about mental patients. In this sense, Goelz Mann is the first psychoanalyst with the prototype of "nast". Both movies and psychoanalysis are trying to explain a story and go deep into a person's heart. Goelz Mann's psychoanalysis makes Nass's mind truly and profoundly reappear on the screen, and we hope to help ourselves and the audience better understand the film and Nass's mind through some psychoanalytic viewpoints.

(The author of this article/Gu Lidan Shen * of South China Normal University)

* Note: Professor Shen is a doctoral supervisor in the Department of Psychology of South China Normal University and a famous Jungian psychoanalyst in China.

First, personality analysis: the conflict between thinking and emotion

A beautiful mind shows the mind of a genius. Nass initially gave the audience the impression that at the welcome reception of Princeton University, in his eyes, the sunlight floated in the air through glasses and lemon images, and then just coincided with the tie pattern of a student next to him. Nass smiled and said to the classmate, "Do you know? I can explain how ugly your tie is mathematically. " This is the genius NASS of West Virginia. In his mind, mathematics seems to explain everything. He observes everything in life and expresses everything in life with mathematical formulas and mathematical reasoning. For example, football match, pigeon activity cycle, a woman's performance when chasing a man who robbed her purse, and so on. His famous game theory was inspired by observing the social activities of men and women in bars. Through the window full of formulas, we can see Nass's thoughtful face. In his eyes, the world is a rational world full of numbers, logic and reasoning, and he pursues it tirelessly in the rational world he understands.

Contrary to his pursuit in mathematics, he is not enthusiastic about real life. At the beginning of the film, Nass's personality is also shown through some clips. He is withdrawn by nature, doesn't talk much, refuses to socialize, and is incompatible with the lives of other students. Undoubtedly, the development of Nass's thoughts and emotions is very uneven.

Jung, a psychoanalyst, regarded thinking, emotion, feeling and intuition as the four poles of the functional cross diagram, with the self as the center. Among them, thinking and emotion are opposites, and feeling and intuition are opposites. The ego may be biased in these two relative dimensions. People who like thinking will lead their willpower to the end of thinking, and emotions can only be placed at the lower end, which is in a secondary function. When the two are relatively balanced, the ego can still better understand and control emotions, and the emotions at this time are rational emotions. But the more people are used to thinking, the easier it is to be rejected. When thinking occupies all consciousness, emotion can only play a role in the unconscious. Emotion can't be understood and controlled by consciousness because of exclusion, and it often loses rationality and becomes irrational emotion. Therefore, Nass is not afraid of others' attacks on his thinking, because that is something he can consciously and control, but he is afraid of unconscious emotions, which he cannot understand and control. In the film, we can feel that the inner complex conflict, success and failure, loneliness and identity, love and result are all hidden under Nasser's dull expression.

Three Irrational Emotions of Nass

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He is afraid of failure, refuses to fail, and cannot accept failure. There is a clip in the movie in which his opponent Hansen challenges him to play chess. Hansen said, "Are you afraid?" Nass said confidently, "I'm scared, very scared, but it's you." However, when Nass lost the game, he froze and couldn't accept the fact and said, "You shouldn't have won. The first game I played was flawless. There must be a trap in this game. " Nas stood up nervously and knocked over the chessboard in panic. Later, when he told his imaginary roommate about it, he was still very upset: "I lost to a self-righteous guy." I had the initiative, but somehow I lost my hand. He must have done it in secret. " In the film, we can also see many anxious performances of Nass when he is afraid of failure. When he didn't write an approved paper, he felt deeply depressed, slammed into the glass window full of complicated formulas and said painfully, "I can only think so much." Nass pursues success and honor, and his emotions are deeply occupied by this desire.

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222. 134. 154.* second floor

Step 2 be alone

Although Nass has superhuman intelligence, he is a lonely wit. When he first entered the campus, he walked up the stairs alone, dragging a long shadow behind him. It was a lonely figure. He talked about his views on others several times in the film. The first time he chatted with the imaginary Charles, he said, "I don't like people very much, and people don't like me very much." His tutor Hellinger told him, "Your isolation may have greatly affected your academic development. The communication between people will bring us new horizons. " But Nass said, "I don't make friends because I'm an asshole." When he first talked to the imaginary Pacser, he also said, "I like someone, and more importantly, people don't like me." In fact, as can be seen from the film, Princeton's environment is quite tolerant of Nass. Nass thinks that people don't like him, but "don't like others" is a projection in his mind. His isolation cuts off his emotional connection with others, especially when the environment is stressful, it is easy to turn into a hostile state with the environment, thus aggravating his anxiety. But he also needs to be recognized. When he saw many teachers in the restaurant put their pens in front of an old professor to show their respect, his eyes were full of longing.

3. The confusion of love

It can be said that Nass does not attach importance to the feelings between people. He not only disdained the communication between classmates, but also showed no interest in the feelings between men and women at first. An interesting scene is that in the school bar, students encourage Nass to chase a girl. He came to the girl, looked at her calmly and said, "I don't know what I should say if I want to sleep with you, but can you just pretend that I said those words?" I mean, why don't we skip the prologue and get to the point? "Nass doesn't believe in adult romance, so he played a prank on the girl. Here, Nass only saw the purpose and result of the communication between men and women, and regarded it as a completely objective and emotionless process. It can also be seen from this detail that his emotions are rejected by rational consciousness.

From the above analysis, we can see that Nass's personality and psychological experience, thinking and emotion, consciousness and unconsciousness are unbalanced, and he is troubled by irrational emotions, which is the reason for his schizophrenia. His psychological components of rejection, contempt and resistance, and his unconscious feelings can only be expressed in a perverted way.

Second, symptom analysis: unconsciously conjure up three "I"

The main symptom of Nass is that there are three fictional characters in his life, who influence and control his life. These three hallucinations all come from Nass's unconsciousness and are pathological manifestations of unconscious compensation function.

Unconsciousness includes all unconscious psychological experiences and is a part of our personality. For normal people, unconsciousness is often used as a supplement to consciousness through desire or motivation opposite to the tendency of consciousness. For example, dreams in daily life are a manifestation of unconscious compensation function. People with unbalanced mental development are often victims of the imbalance between consciousness and unconsciousness. They struggle with their own unconsciousness, and the normal compensation function of unconsciousness can only be expressed in an abnormal form.

The content of unconsciousness mainly includes individual unconsciousness and collective unconsciousness, and collective unconsciousness is the deepest layer of the soul. It contains a lot of human experience. When analyzing the dreams, symptoms or hallucinations of normal people or mental patients, we can often touch the prototype of this collective unconscious.

Prototype is the main content of collective unconsciousness. There are various archetypes, which cover almost all human psychological experiences, but the most important archetypes in the unconscious mainly include hero (ideal self in personality), shadow (the opposite of personality), Anima (female image of men) or animus (male image of women), wise old man (intuition that inspires wisdom), self-nature (integrity of personality) and El Ni? o (indicating new life). Archetypes are usually expressed by images.

Through the previous analysis of Nass's personality, we know that in his mind, the emotions ignored and rejected by consciousness are in an unconscious state, and those unconsciousness that conflicts with consciousness are embodied in three aspects of irrational emotions, which come from three prototypes and are represented by three characters. When they invaded Nass's conscious world, they realized their compensation function uncontrollably.

Roommate Charles-Shadow

According to the doctor's analysis, Nass may have been schizophrenic when he was a graduate student. At that time, he had constructed a roommate Charles in his fantasy.

Charles's personality is completely opposite to that of Nass, which embodies the characteristics of those students around him who are incompatible with Nass. Many aspects of Charles' personality were denied by Nass. He is the shadow of NASS. When Charles first appeared in this film, he appeared as a prodigal son. In stark contrast to the stiff expression of Nass at that time. When Nass talked about his fascination with mathematics, Charles said, "Mathematics will not bring truth. Do you know why? " Because he is so boring. When Nass said he hadn't written his paper, Charles asked him, "How long has it been since you dated?" "But unlike other students, Nass was recognized by Charles, who always thought he was a genius and always encouraged him. Nas, who is lonely in his heart, undoubtedly needs this kind of recognition and encouragement, so Charles is also the embodiment that Nas needs to be recognized in his loneliness.

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222. 134. 154.* third floor

Department of Defense official-hero prototype

Everyone wants to succeed, and there is a sense of heroism in every culture, which is our deep psychological need. But for Nass, this deep psychological need is expressed through hallucinations.

When the illusion of Parsell, an official of the Ministry of National Defense, first appeared, Nass already had a certain reputation and successfully cracked the password at the Pentagon. But for a person who can't accept failure, the greater the success, the more afraid of failure. He needs more sense of accomplishment to ease his subconscious anxiety about failure. Parsell makes Nass feel like a hero, because their "project" concerns the lives of 6,543,800 people. This is related to national security. Taking part in this kind of work is the ideal and desire in Nass's heart.

Little girl Matthew-the prototype of Anima

The little girl Matthew is so cute that she has never grown up. "She" is the female experience in Nass's mind. The clip in which Nass was slapped in the bar because he didn't respect women's feelings shows that Nass lacks women's experience and doesn't pay due attention to women's feelings. His female experience is weak and immature. When he met his later wife, Ai Lisha, and was deeply attracted by her, he began to fantasize about Matthew, that is, when he talked about Ai Lisha with Charlie in the illusion, his face was filled with a happy expression. He said, "He is so charming that I am at a loss." "Should I marry her?"

Nast's inflated emotional needs are the gap between unconscious invasion and control of consciousness. After these unconsciousness ignored by NASS were expressed through fantasy, NASS's personality gradually split. Unconscious archetypes have formed themselves. They are independent of each other and often replace the real world in Nass's mind. For mental patients, when these divided selves often conflict with the normal self, the original realistic self will gradually lose courage and ability, thus making the patient completely controlled by the fantasy world.

In the film, when Nass felt dangerous and said that he didn't want to continue working, he was threatened by Parsell, so he repeatedly compromised. For him, those visions are all real. When he was sent to a mental hospital and told that he was ill, he didn't believe it and thought it was a conspiracy of the former Soviet Union. When Ai Lisha went to visit him and presented the information he had compiled intact to them, he still couldn't accept the reality. But deep down, he believed in Ai Lisha.

At this time, his fantasy world began to be impacted. The contradiction between "truth" in his mind and reality made Nass feel very painful. He dug his wrist and found a diode that could radiate numbers. After that, he received electric shock treatment. Dr. Rosen said: "Now he is going through the most difficult stage of schizophrenia, and he is afraid of not knowing what is true and what is false ..."

Third, the mystery of rehabilitation

Love saves genius.

Schizophrenia is usually regarded as a mental illness that is difficult to recover. But Nass miraculously recovered and did not insist on seeing a doctor. This is the power of love. Ai Lisha's love is a bridge between Nass's unconsciousness and consciousness, and also a bridge between Nass and reality.

Who's real and who's fake?

To cure a patient who can't tell truth from falsehood, the most important thing is to focus on reality. Fortunately for Nass, he has always been supported by Ai Lisha's love. Nass always felt Ai Lisha's love and believed Ai Lisha's love. When he is lost in truth and falsehood, at least he knows that Ai Lisha's love is true. It is this real emotion that makes the real world re-enter Nass's consciousness and makes Nass pay attention to the real world again under the guidance of real emotion.

The climax of the film is that Nass's mental illness recurs and is threatened by Parsell's life. Ai Lisha called the doctor, and Parsell ordered Nass: "You must stop her." Nas was nervous about his wife's safety and said, "Don't involve her." When Parsell pulled out his gun and pointed it at Ai Lisha, Nass rushed over and knocked his gun to the ground. When Ai Lisha rushed out, Nass was under the pressure of several hallucinations at the same time. Parsell pointed a gun at him and said with a straight face, "Kill her!" "Either she dies or you die!" . Charles ran downstairs and said, "Oh, John, do as he says." Matthew took his hand and looked at him as if he wanted him to make a decision. All the sounds and images are spinning in Nass's mind. Finally, he flew out to stop Ai Lisha from leaving and said excitedly, "Matthew can't be true. She has never grown up. " At that moment, it was precisely because he didn't want to hurt Ai Lisha, and it was precisely because of his love for Ai Lisha that his reason overcame the illusion, which made his ego stronger at that moment and controlled the irrational illusion.

Rational emotions prevail over irrational emotions.

When Nass was really inspired and felt the power of rational emotion, he gradually got rid of the control of irrational emotion. Because at this time, emotion is no longer a blank in Nash's consciousness, it can be accepted and understood by consciousness and become the motivation of self.

In the film, when Ai Lisha wants to decide whether to let Nass go back to the hospital, there is a touching conversation. Ai Lisha picked up Nasr's hand trembling, put it on his face, and then put it on his face. "Do you know what is true, this, this", and then put Nass's hand on his heart. "And this is all true." Ai Lisha stared into his eyes, put his hand on his heart and said devoutly, "Maybe here, I believe that some powerful force is entirely possible." Nas's tears finally flowed down with sobs.

Ai Lisha believes that Nass can feel her true love in her heart. She believes that Nass's true feelings are strong enough for him to overcome his illusion and find his lost self again. With this belief, she helped Nass begin the difficult course of fighting against illusion and integrating with the organization. Ai Lisha encouraged Nass to go back to school, which helped him to keep in touch with reality and turn his attention to daily affairs. He faced the illusion directly. Whenever Parsell's illusion reappeared, he shouted: "You are not real, you are not real." Although Nass is sometimes regarded as a freak, his self-power gradually grows stronger and finally controls his hallucinations.

Decades of struggle with mental illness have given Nass a deeper understanding of life. When chatting with Thomas King, a member of the Nobel Foundation who came to visit him, he lamented: "Poetic beauty is not human nature." At the Nobel Prize ceremony, he even said his heartfelt words: "I hardly believe in data, logic and rationality, but I have been pursuing it. I ask myself what logic is and who defines reason. My question made me wander around in the physical world and I found it inadvertently. But the most important thing in my life is that I have the love of my life. If there is any reason, it is because of you, my love, you are all to me.

This film has given us profound enlightenment. Modern society is a world that attaches importance to science and technology, rationality and thinking, and we often ignore emotions. However, Nass's life experience shows that it is only the beauty of thought, not the real beauty of human nature. Only good feelings can make the mind and soul merge and build a unified and beautiful mind, which deserves our deep thought.

If you don't work hard, you will seek quick results. In the end, you will only praise for a few days, which is always embarrassing.