Yongle people in Zhou Pu in Tang Dynasty (Yongji people in Shaanxi). Tianbao entered the palace in the fourth year (745), and was favored by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, becoming an imperial concubine. (Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was sixty-one years old, and the imperial concubine was twenty-seven years old), so his father and brother were able to come to the world. Every time the imperial concubine rode a horse, Gao Lishi, the great eunuch, whipped her. There were 700 weavers and embroiderers, and even more people competed for treasures. Both the author of Lingnan History and Guangling History and Wang Yi are highly praised for their outstanding contributions. As a result, hundreds of officials followed suit. Yang Guifei loves Lingnan litchi, so some people try their best to transport fresh litchi to Chang 'an.
After the Anshi Rebellion, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled Chang 'an and came to Maweipo. The Sixth Army refused to advance, saying that Yang (the cousin of the imperial concubine) had contact with the conference semifinals, which led to the rebellion in An Lushan. Xuanzong killed Yang to boost morale. The Sixth Army refused to go any further, saying that Yang was your concubine's cousin, and her cousin was guilty, and so was her cousin. The imperial concubine was also hanged in the temple. The Anshi Rebellion had nothing to do with Yang Guifei, who became the scapegoat of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.
Yang Yuhuan (A.D. 7 19-756): A court musician and dancer in the Tang Dynasty, whose musical talent is really rare among the queens of past dynasties. In the seventh year of Kaiyuan (7 19), he was born in Rongzhou (now Rongxian County, Yulin, Guangxi) in June, and was born in a noble family. His great grandfather, Wang Yang, was a minister of the Sui Dynasty and was killed by Li Shimin in the early Tang Dynasty. His father, Yang Xuanyan, is a satrap, and his uncle, Xuan, is from Cao, Henan. Yang Yuhuan spent his childhood in Sichuan.
Yang Yuhuan's natural beauty and superior educational environment make her have a certain cultural accomplishment, graceful personality, proficient in temperament, good at singing and dancing, and good at playing the pipa. Although she is a beautiful woman, she still has some shortcomings: she has a body odor, so she especially likes taking a bath.
In July of the 22nd year of Kaiyuan, Princess Xianyi, the daughter of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, held a wedding in Luoyang, and Yang Yuhuan was also invited to attend. Li Mao, Shouwang, the younger brother of Princess Xianyang, fell in love with Yang Yuhuan at first sight. At the request of Wu Huifei, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty named her Shouwang. After marriage, the two are extremely sweet.
Yang Yuhuan (7 19-756), a native of Yongle, Zhou Pu, was the concubine of Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Yang is plump, good at singing and dancing, and has a smooth melody. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), she became the concubine of Li Mao, and then ordered her to become a monk. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Yang Guifei was officially made a concubine by Xuanzong. In the 15th year of Tianbao (755), An Lushan launched a rebellion, Xuanzong fled to Sichuan, and Yang died in Mayi's army.
Yang Guifei's beauty is fat, the simplest beauty, the happiest beauty and the most emotional beauty.
Is her real name Yuhuan?
What's the name of the famous Yang Guifei? This is an interesting question.
Neither the Old Tang Book nor the New Tang Book is recorded, nor is it clearly recorded in Zi Tong Zhi Jian. The legend of Song of Eternal Sorrow only says that she is Yang Xuanyan's daughter. In the ninth year of the Tang Dynasty (855), that is, about 100 years after the death of Yang Guifei, Zheng Chuhui's Miscellanies of Ming Taizu first mentioned: "Yang Guifei's small character Yuhuan". Later generations still use it today. There are different views on this. Qin Shihuang said in Jin Yang Men Shi Hua: "The jade slave is too small." Zheng Chuhui and Zheng Bi are both Tang Dynasty people, living in the same era, and both are Jinshi, so their statements have credible reasons. Of course, it is also possible that both names belong to Yang, one is his real name and the other is his nickname.
No matter what Yang Guifei's name is, the old man named Li Longji likes it. He is really an old man. When we first met in the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), Yang was only 22 years old and he was 56 years old. He is always older, but he is the emperor, so he can do whatever he wants. He not only doesn't care what her name is, but also doesn't care whether she is married or not, and doesn't even consider that she is married to her own son. As long as he likes it, he must take it.
When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty took a fancy to Yang Yuhuan, she had been married to Li Mao, the longevity king, for almost five years. Hu Feng prevailed in the court of the Tang Dynasty, and it seems common for Lao Zi to rob his son and daughter-in-law. "Everyone is equal before love", so there is no guardian crying to give the emperor the idea of "human relations". But this is not a glorious thing after all. In order to explain to the world, Tang Xuanzong did some work on the table. For example, first, under the banner of filial piety, she was ordered to be a female Taoist priest, saying that she would recommend good news to her mother Dou Taihou, giving her the name "Too True" and letting Yang Yuhuan move out of Shouwangfu and live in Taizhen Palace. This is also to avoid people's eyes and ears and cheat. After five years' efforts, Xuanzong first solemnly fulfilled his "father's duty", betrothed Wei's daughter to the birthday girl Wang Li Mao as a princess, and then eagerly welcomed Yang back to the palace and officially conferred him as the imperial concubine. Yang Yuhuan is not only beautiful, good at singing and dancing, but also smart and considerate. He is simply the emperor's intimate "little cotton-padded jacket", and Xuanzong naturally likes it. Soon, Yang Yuhuan spoiled the harem, making it "six palaces of powder and makeup go up in smoke". At that time, the palace called her madam, and all the treatments (etiquette regulations) were also queen-level.
In this regard, Tang Li Shangyin has something to say. He wrote "Feel Mount Li and chant Yang Fei".
It reads: "The flying spring in Liao country is warm and fragrant, and Kowloon cares for the family. The Ming people are lucky to live in the Palace of Eternal Life, not because of the golden jade, but because of the longevity king." It seems that Shouwang is really depressed and embarrassed. However, Xuanzong, regardless of human feelings, still wanted to take away his son's love. He could only sigh that Yang Yuhuan's beauty was too tempting. But according to common sense, Tang Xuanzong, who has entered the old age, loves Yang Guifei not only because of his lust for beauty and bed, but also because he regards her as a spiritual companion who is considerate in life and can cater to his hobbies.
For example, The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty says, "It's so gorgeous, good at singing and dancing, smooth in melody and brilliant. Every time I look forward to welcoming you, I move like this." The comments in "New Tang Book" are similar, only implicitly adding the hint of "special room banquet". Many literary works of later generations are addicted to obscenity, blindly amplifying the imperial concubine's ability to "invite pets with color". I think this is suspected of overestimating Tang's physiological function. Of course, no matter how old a man is, he is still very useful to a beautiful woman, and this beautiful woman looks like a fairy.
Colorful feathers.
In addition to her outstanding appearance, Yang Yuhuan was attracted by her superb artistic accomplishment in music and dance. History records that she is "good at singing and dancing, and is familiar with melody", and Xuanzong has the same hobby. No wonder she is regarded as her artistic confidant and spiritual companion. This can be seen from his joyful tone of "if you get Yang Guifei, if you get treasure".
Tang Xuanzong was familiar with temperament and had rich knowledge of music and dance. He trained many noble children in the pear garden. According to the Old Book of the Tang Dynasty, Xuanzong once formed a "court band", and selected 300 children and hundreds of ladies-in-waiting for guidance. For such a talented "artistic" emperor, Yang Yuhuan, who is proficient in temperament, naturally stands out. It is said that once, Xuanzong proposed to hold a concert with five musical instruments in the western regions, and the imperial concubine responded positively. At that time, the imperial concubine embraced the pipa, and Xuanzong held the Jie drum, singing and dancing lightly, day and night. In this regard, there is Bai Juyi's poem as evidence: "slow song and slow dance, the emperor's eyes can't stare at her enough." Yang Yuhuan is also a master of percussion. When she played, "percussion was so loud that many new sounds were not heard by a disciple in the pear garden." In order to please the beauty, Xuanzong made Lantian sapphire as his chin and decorated it with gold cymbals and pearls, which was extremely precious.
Wu Huifei, loved by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, died of illness, and Xuanzong was very unhappy. Under the recommendation of Gao Lishi, a trusted eunuch, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty turned his attention to Yang Yuhuan, a daughter-in-law similar to Wu Huifei.
In October of the 28th year of Kaiyuan, Yang Yuhuan, who had been married to Li Mao for five years, left Shouwangfu and went to Lishan. At this time, she was only 22 years old, and Xuanzong was 56 years old. Xuanzong shilled her to become a monk in recognition of her mother, Dou Taihou, and gave her the name of "too true".
In the fourth year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty made Wei's daughter a princess, and then she became a imperial concubine. Since Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty abolished the king and queen, there has been no queen, so Yang Guifei is equivalent to the queen.
Yang Guifei has three sisters, all of whom are national colors. They were also called into the palace and named as Mrs. Han, Mrs. Qin and Mrs. Guo, and each of them gave 100,000 yuan a month. Guo's wife, Yang Huahua, ranked third. She was born beautiful and self-beautiful, not fake powder. Du Fu's "Mrs. Guo" said: "Mrs. Guo made a decisive decision and got on the horse in Kinmen. However, I thought that the powder was full of color and the moth eyebrows were supreme. " ("Detailed Explanation of Du Fu's Poems" Volume II) is a portrayal of the facts.
Since entering the palace, Yang Yuhuan has followed the feudal imperial court system, never asked about state affairs, and never intervened in power struggles. With his charming, docile and extraordinary musical talent, he was loved by Xuanzong in all aspects. Although he angered Xuanzong because of jealousy, he was sent out of the palace twice. In addition, Yang Yuhuan had an affair with An Lushan in the palace, but Xuanzong finally found it hard to give her up. It was not until the Anshi Rebellion that Emperor Xuanzong fled to the west with Yang Guifei. When Ma Jipo was remonstrated, Yang Guifei was forced to die at the age of 38.
Now there is a tomb of Yang Guifei in Xingping County, Shaanxi Province, covering an area of 3,000 square meters. On the side of the tomb are poems by Li Shangyin, Bai Juyi and Lin Zexu. At the northern foot of Mount Li in Lintong, there is Huaqing Pool, which is said to be the relic of Yang Guifei's "It was early spring". They let her bathe in the pure flower pond to warm and smooth her creamy crystal skin. " Among them, the "Guifei Pool" is famous. It is said that it is specially used to bathe Yang Guifei, so it is also called "Princess Soup". There is a "hair cooling pavilion" beside the pool, which is said to be the place where the imperial concubine used to cool her hair and comb her hair after bathing. Because of their close relationship with the famous ancient beauty Yang Guifei, these places of interest have attracted many Chinese and foreign tourists and become famous tourist attractions.
Edit the poems related to this paragraph.
Xuanzong personally composed the music, and when he summoned Yang Guifei, he asked the musician to play this new song, and gave Yang a gold hairpin to personally insert in Yang's sideburns. Xuanzong said to the people in the harem, "If you get Yang Guifei, you will get the treasure." (The Secret Records of Ancient and Modern Palace, Volume III) Copying the new song "Debaozi" shows my luck. At that time, there was no new queen in the palace, and everyone in the court called Yang "madam", which really took a back seat. Zheng Chuhui told a story that after Yang Yuhuan was promoted to the imperial concubine, there was a white parrot in Lingnan tribute, which could imitate human language. Xuanzong and Yang Guifei liked it very much and called it "Snowflake Girl", while others in the palace called it "Snowflake Niang". Xuanzong ordered ci ministers to teach poetry. After several times, this white parrot could sing, which made people fondle it. Every time Xuanzong plays chess with Yang Guifei, if the situation is unfavorable to Xuanzong, the attendant eunuch is afraid that Xuanzong will lose, so he is called "Snowflake Niang". This parrot flies into the chessboard and Zhang Yi flaps his wings, "to confuse his rank or peck at the hands of the kings, so that he can't fight for the road." (Ming Taizu's Miscellaneous Notes) Later, this lovely "Snowflake Niang" was pecked to death by an eagle. Xuanzong and Yang Guifei were very sad and buried it in the imperial garden, which was called "parrot burial". Yang Weizhen, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty, wrote in his Untitled Poem on Effective Affairs: "The golden chamber is near Qinghai Jun, and the mother puts a golden cage in her head." (Tie Ya Ji) is about the pet white parrot of Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. Xuanzong cherished his pet white parrot so much, not to mention his feelings for Yang Guifei.
Because of Yang Guifei's favor, her brothers gave it to senior officials, even her distant brother Yang Zhao, who was originally a street rogue. Xuanzong gambled with Yang's sisters because of his good strategy, which made Yang Zhao calculate the gambling account and give him a name, and served as a branch doctor for more than ten times to manipulate the state affairs. Xuanzong went to Huaqingchi, taking the Yang family of five as his entourage. Every family has a team, wearing the same color, and five families unite in a colorful way. Jewelry falling along the way can be seen everywhere, shining, and its luxury is beyond measure. The Yang family married two princesses, two princesses, and Xuanzong personally wrote a temple monument for Yang.
On one occasion, Yang Guifei spoiled and offended Xuanzong, who sent her back to her family. But after the imperial concubine left the palace, Xuanzong could not eat or drink, so Gao Lishi had to recall it again. In 750, the imperial concubine stole the purple jade emperor for twenty-five years, boasting and entertaining herself. After the incident, he was sent out of the palace again. After the imperial concubine left the palace, she cut off a lock of hair and asked Zhang Taoguang to bring it to Xuanzong. Xuanzong was frightened, and Gao Lishi called her back. Zhang Hu's poem "Divide the Wang Xiaoguan" said: "Fortunately, it was not seen today, and it secretly blew the Wang Xiaoguan." (The Collection of Tanning Poems in the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty, Volume 5) That's what I'm talking about. Yang Guifei knew that Xuanzong didn't have her, so she was restless and even more arrogant. The Yang family "went in and out of the forbidden door without asking, and the Beijing officials looked askance." At that time, there was a saying that "having a daughter is not sad and sour, but having a man doesn't like it". (Biography of Yang Taizhen) Li Zhao said, "Yang Guifei was born in Shu and likes litchi. Born in, especially than Shu, so I gallop forward every year. " ("Tang Shi" supplement) Mutu's poem "Guo Hua Qing Palace" said:
Chang' an looks back at the embroidered city pile, and the top of the mountain opens a thousand times.
Riding a princess and laughing in the world of mortals, no one knew it was litchi.
(Poems of the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty, Volume 6)
It's about paying tribute to Lingnan litchi. Later generations of Lingnan litchi have a saying "Princess Laughs", which is said to be named after it.
When Tianbao was middle-aged, he let An Lushan do border work, which won the favor of Xuanzong, and made Yang's sisters and An Lushan brother and sister, while Yang Guifei recognized An Lushan as her adopted son. Lushan openly molested Yang Guifei in the name of entering the palace to see his foster mother.
On June 1 day, 755, Yang Guifei celebrated her last birthday at Huaqing Palace in Chang 'an. Xuanzong ordered the pear garden to enjoy itself and played a new song in the hall of eternal life. This song has no title and is suitable for entering litchi in Nanhai, Guangdong Province, so she chose Litchi Fragrance as the title. In November of the same year, An Lushan rebelled and Xuanzong rushed into Sichuan. The following year, after passing through Ant Post (now the west of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province), the army mutinied, forcing Xuanzong to punish Yang and give Yang Guifei suicide at the age of 38. Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow is the tragic story of Xuanzong and Guifei.
Yang Guifei can write poetry, and the whole Tang poem has a cloud from Dance for Zhang:
Pocket incense, red owl in autumn smoke.
The wind is shaking on the light cloud ridge, and the water is blowing by the tender willow pool.
This is a woman writing a woman's dance, which is looming compared with autumn smoke; Compared with the changeable situation on the ridge, it is erratic, graceful and gentle, and the sleeves are fragrant, which can be described as superb. There are many stories about Yang Guifei reflected in the poems. Du Mu's poem "Guo Hua Qing Palace" says:
Xinfeng green trees have yellow dust, and I have ridden Yuyang several times to explore the messenger.
They lied about their military situation, and Tang Gaozong and Yang Guifei still indulged in singing and dancing until the Anshi Rebellion arose and the Central Plains was broken.
(Poems of the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty, Volume 6)
It's about the imperial concubine. As for Li Bai's three poems "Qing Ping Diao Ci", the famous sentence "The clouds want clothes and flowers to make up, and the spring breeze blows over the threshold, showing the wealth of China" (the fifth volume of the Complete Works of Li Taibai) has become a swan song throughout the ages. After the death of the imperial concubine, Xuanzong went to Shu, "to Fufeng Road, ... and to Xiejiakou. It was a rainy day, and I heard the bells in the rain on the plank road, corresponding to the hills. In the world, I mourn for the imperial concubine, because I chose her voice as Lin Yuling. " (Biography of Yang Taizhen) This is the origin of the epitaph in the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty.
There are many stories about Yang Guifei in the play. In the Yuan Dynasty, Bai Pu wrote a play called Wu Tongyu on an Autumn Night in Emperor Taizong. In the Ming Dynasty, there were the legends of Tu Longlong's Hundred Flowers for Brilliance, Wu Shimei's Hong Jing Ji, Chen Mojian's anonymous legend, Hong Sheng's The Palace of Eternal Life in the Qing Dynasty, and Beijing Opera's Hundred Flowers Pavilion, Drunk Imperial Lady and Too True. In particular, Mei Lanfang's Peking Opera "Drunk Imperial concubine" is famous at home and abroad for its originality and superb acting skills. Novels include Biography of Yang Taizhen, Biography of Chen Hong's Eternal Sorrow, and Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties.
Yang Guifei and Mimosa
There is a small and exquisite flower, whose compound leaves are like hibiscus branches, bit by bit symmetrical, like bird feathers. This plant is decorated with a few small red flowers and looks like bayberry. When people point with their hands, its pinnate leaflets will close quickly and its petiole will droop slowly, just like a girl who is so shy because of her purity and simplicity, so people call it "mimosa".
Legend has it that when Yang Yuhuan first entered the palace, he was sad all day because he couldn't see the king. Once, she and the ladies-in-waiting went to the palace to enjoy flowers, and accidentally met the mimosa, and the leaves of the grass immediately rolled up. Ladies-in-waiting all say that this is the beauty of Yang Yuhuan, which makes the flowers and plants feel ashamed and ashamed. Tang Huangming heard that there was a "flower-bashing beauty" in the palace, and immediately summoned him and made him the imperial concubine. Since then, "shame on flowers" has become Yang Guifei's nickname. Mimosa is ashamed to see people because of plant electricity. The leafy base of the mimosa,
There is a kind of parenchyma called "leaf mattress", which is usually filled with enough water. When the leaves are stimulated, the water in parenchyma cells immediately flows to the upper and both sides under the instruction of plant electricity. With the increase of leaf weight, the phenomenon of leaf closure and petiole drooping appears. Mimosa plants are slender and delicate. In order to survive, it has formed this special ability to adapt to the environment through long-term natural selection.
Edit this mystery of Yang Guifei's whereabouts.
During the Anshi Rebellion, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to Mayi Post, and the sergeant mutinied and killed Yang. Yang was furious and forced Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to kill Yang Guifei. Xuanzong was helpless and ordered Gao Lishi to commit suicide for her. Finally, he was strangled under the pear tree in front of the Buddhist temple in the posthouse at the age of 38. Legend has it that a shoe on Yang Guifei's foot was lost when transporting the corpse, and was picked up by an old woman. Passers-by had to pay 100 yuan to borrow it, and the old lady made a fortune.
Some people say that Yang Yuhuan may have died in a Buddhist temple. The Biography of Yang Guifei in Old Tang Dynasty records that after the imperial generals Chen and others killed Yang and his son, they thought that "the thief was still there" and demanded that Yang Guifei be killed again to avoid future troubles. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had no choice but to bid farewell to the imperial concubine and "hang the Buddhist temple". "Zi Tongzhi Jijiantang" records that Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered eunuch Gao Lishi to take Yang Guifei to the Buddhist temple and hang her. Tang Shi Bu records that Gao Lishi hanged Yang Guifei under the pear tree in the Buddhist temple. Chen Hong's Song of Eternal Sorrow records that Emperor Xuanzong knew that Yang Guifei was bound to die, but he couldn't bear to see her die, so he led the people away, "turned around hastily and died under the ruler group". The Biography of Yue Shi Yang Taizhen records that when Tang Xuanzong bid farewell to Yang Guifei, he "prayed for Buddha's respect". Gao Lishi hanged the imperial concubine under the pear tree in front of the Buddhist temple. Mr. Chen Yinque pointed out in the Manuscript of Bai Yuan's Poems: "It can be noted that Yue Shi said that the princess was hanged under a pear tree, probably influenced by the phrase" Spring rain is like a pear blossom "in Xiangshan (Bai Juyi). It's ridiculous to go. " The statement in Le Shi comes from an addendum to Tang Shi, and Li Zhao's statement is probably influenced by Song of Eternal Sorrow.
Yang Guifei may also die in the army. This theory is mainly found in the descriptions in some Tang poems. Du Fu wrote a poem "Mourning for the Head" in Chang 'an, which was occupied by An Lushan in the second year of Zhide (AD 757), including "Where are the perfect eyes and the pearly teeth?" A blood-stained soul has no home and nowhere to go, which implies that Yang Guifei was not hanged at Mawei Post, because hanging will not cause bloodshed. Poems such as "I ask you not to wash lotus blood again" and "I have too much blood and my horseshoe is exhausted" in Li Yi's seven sentences "Crossing the Horse Nest" and "Two Poems Crossing the Horse Nest" also reflect the scene that Yang Guifei was killed by the rebels and died by the sword. Du Mu's Thirty Rhymes of Huaqing Palace is full of blood and scattered feathers. Zhang has "Huaqing Palace and Sheren" and "Blood Buried Concubine"; The poem "Ma Yi Tie" and other poems "The soul has no evidence, and the blood is buried empty and the grass is sad", and it is also believed that Yang Guifei's blood spilled on Ma Yi Tie is not drowning.