I would like to introduce to you the ten most famous apple varieties in the world!

They are:

1, Red Fuji 2, Gala 3, Sansa 4, Red General 5, Tsugaru

6, Golden Crown 7, Red Star (Snake Fruit) 8. Ruby 9. Jonagold 10. Granny Smith Apple

1. Red Fuji

Bred in Japan and introduced to China in 1980. The fruit is large, with an average fruit weight of 220 grams and a maximum fruit weight of 650 grams. The fruit shape is oblate to nearly round, with sloping shoulders, and the fruit shape index is 0.8. The fruit surface is smooth, rust-free, with a lot of fruit powder, a thick wax layer, and a medium-thick and tough peel; the background color is yellow-green, with red flakes or bright red stripes; the fruit spots are many, yellow-white, small, round, and rusty in color. The fruit spots are large, irregular and prominent. The flesh is yellow-white, dense and crisp, juicy, with moderate sweetness and sourness. It is fragrant and refreshing to eat. The soluble solid content is 14.5~15.5. The quality is extremely high. The fruit is extremely storage-resistant. It can be stored in a semi-underground cellar until May of the following year. In the cold wind It can be stored in the warehouse until July of the following year. After storage, the aroma becomes stronger and the flavor becomes better. The fruit development period is 170 to 180 days, and it is harvested in mid-to-late October. The physiological fruit drop and pre-harvest fruit drop are very light, and there is no fruit cracking before maturity.

Red Fuji is the general term for colored Fuji. During the promotion and cultivation of Fuji, due to its relatively active genetic variation characteristics, many mutant single lines with good fruit coloring emerged throughout Japan, with more than 100 in total. The main single lines introduced for cultivation in our city include Akita 1, Nagatomi 2, Nagatomi 6, Iwatomi 10, Zaosheng Fuji, etc.

In the process of promoting cultivation, Yantai City carried out extensive selection activities and bred six excellent lines, Yanfu 1 to 6, among which Yanfu 6 is a short-branch type strain. The common characteristics of the Yanfu series are large fruits, regular fruit shape, high piles, fruit shape index 0.86~0.91; early coloration, rapid color development, rich red hue, bright color, good coloring both inside and outside the crown, and good coloring. Index 93~97.2; the flesh is light yellow, crisp and refreshing, hardness 8.0~9.8 kg/cm2, soluble solids 14.0~16.6, plenty of juice, sweet and palatable flavor. The appearance quality is obviously better than that of the originally introduced Red Fuji, and the product performance is excellent. It is the representative strain of Red Fuji. Our city has transplanted and planted it in a large area, and achieved good market results.

2. Gala

New Zealand variety, introduced from Japan in 1980.

The fruit is medium in size and short conical in shape; the surface of the fruit is golden in color, with a light blush on the sunny side and wide intermittent red stripes; the fruit is regular and beautiful in shape, with five ribs on the top and a slender stem. ; The peel is thin and shiny; the flesh is light yellow, fine and crispy; the soluble solids content is 13-15, with lots of juice, sweet and slightly sour taste, very delicious and good quality. Ripe in early September.

New Gala, also known as Royal Gala, was introduced in 1986. Most of the characteristics are the same as Gala, but its coloring is obviously better than Gala, so it is favored by the market.

During the cultivation and selection process of Gala, two excellent single plants provided by Qixia were tested and evaluated by the Yantai City Fruit Tree Station within the city. They ranked first among the excellent lines and were named Yanga No. 1 and No. 2 have better comprehensive characteristics than Xingala. They are bright red in color and very beautiful in appearance. The average fruit weight is about 200 grams. They mature from late August to early September. They are representative strains of Gala apples and are extremely popular. development prospects.

3. Sansa

Also known as Shanxia, ??it was introduced from Japan in 1989. This variety has an upright tree posture, weak dryness, many short fruit branches, early and high yield, and high fruit setting rate. Ripe in late August, the fruit is conical or oblate, and the weight of a single fruit is about 230 grams; the background color is yellow-green, the sunny side is rich pink, and the shady side is pink, the fruit surface is waxy, and the skin is thin and beautiful; the flesh is yellow-white, It is crunchy and refreshing, tastes sweet and juicy, has a red fruit aroma, has a soluble solids content of about 13 to 15, and is relatively resistant to storage. It is a mid-early maturing variety with great development prospects.

4. Red General

Japanese variety, imported from Nakajima Tianxiang Garden in Japan by Weihai Agricultural Science Center in 1996. After trial planting, it showed good economic characteristics in Jiaodong.

The fruit of this variety is large, nearly round, with an average single fruit weight of 307 grams, a high fruit pile, and a fruit shape index of 0.86. The fruit is bright in color, with deep red all over; the flesh is yellow-white, with a hardness of 9.6kg/cm2, and the flesh is crispy and juicy. Soluble solids 15.9. The flavor is sweet, sour and rich, and the quality is high. It matures in mid-September, more than 30 days earlier than Fuji. It has strong storage resistance and is not easy to become mushy. It can be stored naturally until the Spring Festival. Red General apples can be put on the market before the Mid-Autumn Festival and the National Day. They have broad market prospects and have been cultivated on a large scale in Qixia.

5. Tsugaru

The fruits are larger, uniform in shape, oblate to nearly round, and a single fruit weighs more than 200 grams. The fruit surface is smooth, with a yellow-green background color, and the sunny side is covered with red clouds and bright red stripes. There is a lot of wax, there are many fruit spots, and the sizes are inconsistent. The small fruit spots are light yellow and not obvious, the large fruit spots are prominently protruding, and the peel is thin. The flesh is yellow-white, thin and crispy, juicy, sweet, slightly aromatic, with a soluble solid content of 12.5~15.5, and is of high quality. The fruit cannot be stored well, and the flesh will become soft after being left at room temperature for more than a month. It matures in September, the fruit development period is 115 days, and matures before Jinshuai. The yield is lower than that of Jinshuai, and fruit drop occurs before maturity.

Red Tsugaru is a coloring bud variation of Tsugaru. The fruit shape and flavor are the same as Tsugaru, but the fruit is easy to color and has a rich red color. In our city, they are mostly planted as pollinating species.

6. Golden Delicious

American variety, also known as Golden Delicious and Yellow Banana.

The fruit is large, generally weighing more than 200 grams per fruit, conical in shape, with a slightly ridged top; the fruit stem is slender, the peel is thin, dull, slightly rough, greenish-yellow in color, and turns into greenish yellow after being stored for a while. Golden yellow, with occasional light red halo on the sunny side when harvested late; the flesh is yellow-white, fine and dense; crisp and juicy when first harvested, then slightly soft after storage, with a strong and sweet taste, slightly sour taste, clear aroma, and excellent raw food quality good. The fruit has a growth period of 140 days and matures in mid-to-late September. It does not drop the fruit even after it is fully mature. The flesh of the late-picked fruit is light yellow and has an excellent flavor when eaten raw. The fruit can be stored until February to March of the following year, but the peel is prone to wrinkles when the ambient humidity is low.

This variety has early fruiting and high yield. However, if rain occurs during the young fruit stage or pesticides are used improperly, fruit rust is likely to occur, which affects the quality of the product; small fruits are likely to appear on weak trees or trees with too many fruits. , the quality deteriorates.

Jin Shuai has more short-branched buds. The most famous one is Jin Dwarf, which has large fruits and strong yield performance, but the intrinsic quality of the fruits is not as good as Golden Delicious.

Golden Delicious is one of the main cultivated varieties in the world, and it was also the main cultivated variety in my country before the 1980s. With the emergence and promotion of new and excellent varieties such as Red Fuji, large areas of Golden Delicious Garden patches have been improved, and now they are only planted sporadically as pollinator trees in our city.

7. Red Star (Snake Fruit)

Original from the United States, also known as Red Marshal, it is the thick-striped red bud change of red banana (Marshal) and is one of the major cultivated varieties in the world. one. The fruit is large, conical, with a single fruit weight of more than 250 grams, and the maximum weight can reach about 500 grams; the fruit top has a five-ridged protrusion, the fruit pile is high, and the fruit shape is beautiful; obvious intermittent red stripes appear when it is first colored, and then appear Red cloud, after full coloring, the whole fruit is deep red with obvious thick purple-red stripes. The fruit surface is shiny and very bright and eye-catching. The fruit spots are light brown or off-white, and the fruit shoulders are uneven. The flesh is yellow-white, medium-thick and brittle. , rich in juice, sweet in taste, 14 soluble solids, rich aroma, and high quality; the fruit growth period is about 145 days, matures in mid-September, and is relatively storage-resistant. It is best eaten after 1 to 2 months of post-harvest storage. .

The Marshal series has many buds, and the Red Star is its second generation. The short-branched New Red Star, selected from the bud mutation of Red Star, is the representative strain of the third generation. It has a compact tree body, extremely high yield, and better coloring than the original variety. It has been widely developed in our city and is one of the main cultivated varieties. one. Currently, due to the rise of Fuji, Gala and other varieties, New Red Star has lost its former glory, and new densely planted orchards are mostly planted as pollinator trees.

8. Ruby

American variety, the fruit is nearly round or oblate, and the single fruit weighs 165~210 grams. The background color of the fruit surface is yellow-green, and if it is well-colored, it will be rich red all over, which is quite beautiful; the fruit on the shaded side or in the area covered by leaves is usually poorly colored, with only red clouds appearing. The peel is smooth and shiny, the fruit powder is medium-thick, and the fruit spots are round and small. The stem depressions are prone to flaky rust spots, the base of the fruit stem is slightly enlarged, and the peel is thin and tough.

The flesh is yellow-white, dense and crisp, with a lot of juice. It is sour when first picked, has a strong taste, and has a refreshing fragrance. After storage, the flesh turns into light yellow, sweet and sour, has a rich aroma and a very good flavor. The total sugar content is 14.9, the sugar-acid ratio is 15.95, and the quality is high. The fruit is relatively resistant to storage and is best eaten if stored for more than half a month. The fruit development period is 120 days and matures in early to mid-September. It is a good variety for both raw food and processing. The fruit is very suitable for processing juice, preserved fruit, etc. At present, the number of developments is very small, but from a processing point of view, it should be developed appropriately.

9. Jonagold

American variety. The fruit is larger, oblate to round, and a single fruit weighs about 250 grams. The fruit surface is smooth, with a yellow-green background, with orange-red haze or inconspicuous red stripes. The well-colored fruit is orange-red all over, and the coloring is poor when the light is insufficient; the fruit surface is waxy, with many and small fruit spots, with a green halo. , obvious and easy to see. The flesh is light yellow, fine and crispy, with a hardness of 8 kg/cm2, a sweet taste, slightly sour taste, a special aroma, a soluble solid content of 15-16.5, and high quality. It is slightly resistant to storage and can generally be kept until around the Spring Festival. The fruit growth period is about 155 days, and fruit drop occurs before harvesting. Young trees bear fruit early, with high fruit setting rate and high yield. The fruits mature in early to mid-October. If harvested a little later, cracks are likely to occur in the stem depressions, the fruit surface is prone to "returning sugar", and waxy substances are prone to secretion during storage.

New Jonagold is a new rich red variety selected from the bud changes of Jonagold in Japan. Its botanical characteristics are basically the same as Jonagold, except that the fruit color is thicker and the color is more obvious. It has thick red stripes and its comprehensive economic characteristics are better than Jonagold. There is a lot of cultivation in our city.

10. Granny Smith apple

The Australian variety is a well-known green variety in the world. The fruit is large, oblate or nearly round, with a single fruit weight of 210 grams and a maximum of 240 grams. The fruit surface is smooth, all green, some fruits have a slight reddish-brown halo on the sunny side, and the fruit spots are yellowish white. The flesh is green and white, fine and crispy, with a hardness of 7.8kg/cm2, a lot of juice, a sweet and sour flavor, a soluble solids content of 13.5, and a medium-to-high quality. It is very resistant to storage and can generally be stored until April to May of the following year. After storage, the flavor will be better. The fruit growth period is about 170 days and matures in mid-to-late October. The saplings of this variety bear fruit earlier and are more productive. The flavor is sour when first harvested. The best edible period is after February or March of the following year. The fruit is a high-end variety in domestic and foreign markets and can be exported. It is a variety used for both raw food and processing. . At present, Qixia has developed a cultivation base of 15,000 acres to meet the needs of apple processing, and has begun to bear fruit.