Since the reform and opening up, a one-stop development trend of variety selection, production base construction, product deep processing and marketing has been formed.
In the past few years, Mizhi County has gradually made the high-quality millet, a local specialty, bigger and stronger, and has implemented a series of preferential policies to support the development of the millet industry. The trend of one-stop development of marketing. In 2014, the annual output value of millet alone in the county reached 500 million yuan. The per capita income of farmers in the county from growing millet was 622 yuan. "Mizhi millet" broke into the big market and paved a "golden road" to wealth.
The planting area of ??small grains reaches 250,000 acres
Mizhi County is located in the northern part of Shaanxi Province, the middle part of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi, and the hilly and ravine area in the middle reaches of the Wuding River. The county has a total land area of ??1,212 square kilometers, a total cultivated land of 530,000 acres, and a total population of 220,000, including an agricultural population of 180,000. It is a purely agricultural county. The soil type is mainly loess soil, accounting for 96% of the total soil area. The soil is deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which is conducive to the growth of small grains and other crops. In addition, there is sufficient light and heat, a large temperature difference between day and night, and moderate rainfall. The development of pollution-free and green food has Unique natural conditions and industrial foundation. Rice millet has been cultivated for 5,000 years. Its millet is of high quality, delicious and nutritious, and its "rice juice is like fat" is well-known throughout the country and has become one of the "four famous millets" in my country. According to the records of Mizhi County: "Mizhi City is famous for its land with rice water, fertile soil suitable for millet, and rice juice that flows like fat."
In 2014, the county's entire crop cultivation The area is 479,000 acres, including 150,000 acres of potatoes, 150,000 acres of small grains, and 76,000 acres of corn. The annual grain output is estimated to be 98,400 tons, and 46,000 tons of cereal crops, including 12,700 tons of millet.
The high yield of millet has repeatedly set national records
Since the reform and opening up, Mizhi County has carried out concentrated and contiguous dryland millet high-yield experimental demonstration activities to explore the yield potential of Mizhi millet. , and found out the basis for developing suitable and eugenic zones for small cereals in mountainous and dry lands. From 2008 to 2014, the county carried out activities to create high yields of dryland millet five times, which played a role in comprehensively improving the popularity of rice-fat dryland agriculture and accelerating the development of modern characteristic agriculture.
In 2009, the average yield of millet high-yielding demonstration fields in Qianmu Mountain in the county was 252.6 kilograms per mu, and the high-yield fields reached 332 kilograms, an increase of 68.4 millet per mu compared with the same period last year, setting a new national high-yield record for millet in Qianmu Mountain; 2010 In 2012, the average yield of millet per thousand acres in the county reached 318.4 kilograms, which was 65.8 kilograms higher than the national record of 252.6 kilograms per thousand acres, breaking the national high-yield record of millet in dry land in the country; The average yields of the demonstration model and the 100-mu core research field reached 372 kilograms and 483 kilograms respectively, once again setting new records for high yields of millet per 1,000 acres and 100 acres in mountain dry land.
In 2014, the county built 10,800 acres of high-yield millet demonstration fields in six towns including Longzhen, Yangjiagou, Shadian, Qiaohecha, Taozhen, and Yindou Town; 2,500 acres of demonstration fields for the promotion of standardized millet production technology have been built in Moshigou and other villages in Zhuang and Qiaohecha; 120 acres of experimental fields for "dryland millet seepage film covering mechanical hole sowing technology" have been built in Guandaoshan Village, Shigou Town. In particular, the high-yielding millet demonstration fields have been tested and accepted on-site by the Ministry of Agriculture's Small Grain and Bean Expert Steering Group and relevant experts from the National Millet and Millet Industry Technology System. The average yield per mu of the high-yield demonstration fields of millet is 318.5 kilograms, and the average yield per mu of the 1,000-mu demonstration field is 410 kilograms. kilogram, once again setting a record for high yields of millet in mountainous and dry land.
Support the millet industry to become bigger and stronger
Mizhi County has supported the millet industry as a key industry and included it in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Agriculture in Mizhi County". In the future, the county will focus on the variety structure, product quality, and industrial chain, focus on the development of green and organic millet, research and development of millet deep-processing products, explore new domestic and foreign markets, and strive to build a modern characteristic millet production base in Mizhi County.
Millet cultivation in the county reaches 56,000 acres, accounting for more than 20% of the crop cultivation area.
The main varieties are rice fat and small fragrant rice, Jingu No. 21, Jingu No. 29, as well as black Jiugenqi, yellow Jiugenqi, etc. The county has established 18 professional cooperatives for small grain planting, covering more than 10,000 farmers. There are 6 millet processing plants, processing 20,000 tons of millet annually, including 1 provincial-level leading agricultural industrialization enterprise and 2 municipal-level leading enterprises. Millet processing enterprises all implement the "company base farmer" industrial model, signing purchase and sales contracts with more than 20,000 farmers every year, and the millet they produce is exported to Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Beijing, Xi'an and other places.
Mizhi County actively carries out Xiaomi trademark registration and origin certification. The county supports enterprises to register millet series trademarks such as "Mizhi Xiaomi", "Diao Chan" and "Mizhi Poyi". In 2004, rice, millet and other small grain products won the Houji Award at the 11th Agricultural High-Tech Conference in Yangling, China. In 2006, 2007, and 2008, at the Yangling Agricultural High-Tech Conference, rice paste and millet became a hot commodity, and the supply of the products exceeded demand. In 2008, rice fat and millet obtained the National Agricultural Products Geographical Indication (county-wide) registration certificate. From 2009 to 2014, Mizhi Millet was certified as a pollution-free millet production base covering an area of ??39,750 acres. In 2012, Mizhi County was awarded the title of "China's Green Ecological Millet Hometown" by the China Green Ecological Agriculture Development Forum.
Developed a new variety of "Se-rich millet"
Mizhi County takes advantage of its location advantages in millet production and highlights millet production, especially the production of Mizhi-selenium-rich millet, which is leading the country the forefront. The county implemented a 500-acre "Se-enriched Fragrant Valley Development Project" in Gaojiajian Village and Dangjiazeng Village, Yinzhou Town, and successfully planted selenium-rich millet on the Loess Plateau. The "selenium-enriched millet" produced in Mizhi County is at the forefront of deepening the millet industry. It not only improves the quality and added value of millet, but also increases the contribution of science and technology to agricultural growth. Its millet has been sampled and tested by national authoritative institutions. It contains 213 micrograms of selenium per kilogram, exceeding the national standards for selenium-rich agricultural products. It has become a veritable "selenium-rich millet". The growers' income per mu is 1,200 yuan, with a net increase of 600 yuan. After careful analysis, Processed and packaged selenium-enriched millet sells for 50 yuan per kilogram, which is 15 times the price of ordinary millet.
In the future, Mizhi County will make full use of the unique conditions of Mizhi and millet, speed up land transfer, and guide the large-scale continuous planting of millet. Increase the production and quantity of millet, use quantity and unique quality to win market share, improve and expand the popularity of rice-fat millet, and then build a national millet base. At the same time, we should increase agricultural investment, increase the content of planting technology, and consciously train a group of millet planting and production enterprises, cooperatives, associations and other groups and economies to directly engage in agricultural production. And increase policy support for millet processing enterprises to promote the rapid development of the millet processing industry. Millet processing companies that introduce or update advanced processing equipment should be provided with subsidized loans and support in project funds.