Located in: Xuwen County, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province
Guisheng Park
Xuwen People's Park
Xuwen Museum
Dahan Sandun Scenic Area
Xuwen People's Park
The southernmost landmark tower in mainland China - Weijiao Dengta County People's Government in Xucheng Street, Postal Code: 524100. Code: 440825. Area code: 0759. Pinyin: Xuwen Xian.
Basic Overview
Xuwen County is located at the southernmost tip of mainland China. Dengloujiao, Tianya Haijiao on Hainan Island and Eluanbi on Taiwan Island are also called the "biggest cities in mainland China". South Three Ends". Hainan Island’s Tianya Haijiao is a very well-known scenic spot. In Taiwan, Eluanbi also has a status similar to that of "Tianya Haijiao". Compared with the above two places, the southernmost tip of the mainland in Xuwen is more majestic and has richer scenic spots. It is the "big end" of the three southern tips. Xuwen is increasingly evolving into a tourist destination with special charm.
It was also the starting port of the Maritime Silk Road in the Han Dynasty.
One of Xuwen’s cultural symbols: Dengyun Tower
Xuwen has a long history. As early as the Neolithic Age, six or seven thousand years ago, ancestors here practiced slash-and-burn cultivation and multiplied. The establishment of the county system in Xuwen began in the sixth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and was abolished in the early Northern Song Dynasty. It was restored in the seventh year of Emperor Xiaozong's reign in the Southern Song Dynasty. The origin of its name is related to its unique geographical location.
According to records, for more than 600 years from the establishment of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in the sixth year of Yuanding to the Yongming year of Emperor Wu of the Southern Qi Dynasty, the governance of counties and counties was set up in Tuowang Village in the southwest of the territory, "with its land forcing the sea, The sound of the waves was trembling, and it was said that it was peaceful and could be heard slowly." Hence the place name Xuwen.
Xuwen is located in the tropics, facing the South China Sea to the east, Beibu Gulf to the west, and facing Hainan Island through the Qiongzhou Strait to the south. Its geographical location is very similar to the Florida Peninsula in the United States. Currently it has an area of ??more than 18 million square kilometers and a population of 680,000.
Xuwen has a winding coastline with numerous bays and islands, but its tectonic and landform structure is relatively simple, dominated by volcanic lava plateaus and volcanic mausoleums. There are four levels of basalt platform in the territory. The ground of the first and second level platforms is relatively flat and there is basically no cutting; the ground of the third and fourth level platforms is slightly undulating, with a cutting depth of more than 10 meters. The altitude of volcanic hills is generally between 100-150 meters. On the narrow coastal plain, some fixed and semi-fixed aeolian sand dunes can be seen, and even a small amount of movable sand dunes. This is related to the local abundant sand source, seasonal dry climate, and strong wind activity. In fact, the strong evaporation process in high-temperature environments makes it possible for dry desert landscapes to form in areas with sufficient rainfall.
Tectonically, Xuwen is located at the southeastern edge of the Guangdong-Guangxi Caledonian fold uplift belt, the southeastern end of the Yunkai ancient continent, and the southern end of the Wuchuan-Sihui fault. Basalt, the product of Quaternary volcanic eruptions, covers almost the entire area. According to satellite photos of Jieze, there are two ancient volcanic craters distributed between Xucheng Town and Buqiao Town. One of them is located on Shimen Ridge, about 4.5 kilometers northwest of Chengbei Township. It is an approximately circular ring-shaped mountain with a circumferential area of ??12.4 square kilometers. The top of the mountain is an oval crater depression, 300 meters long, 150 meters wide and 10 meters deep. There is volcanic red mud deposited in the crater depression. There is an outlet on the north side, and the other three sides are surrounded by pore basalt, slag basalt and volcanic breccia to form steep hills.
Xuwen County Banana Harvest
Xuwen is located in the tropics and has a tropical monsoon climate, with abundant sunshine and high temperatures all year round. The average annual temperature is 23.3 degrees and the average annual rainfall is 1364 mm, the land is fertile and it is the tropical crop base of Changdong Province. The natural vegetation type is mainly tropical rain forest-monsoon forest, followed by savanna and mangrove. There are rich types of plant families and genera, and six vegetation communities can be divided: rainy season tree community, savanna shrub community, thorny shrub community, mangrove shrub community, savanna grassland and sandy grassland. Tropical agricultural and sideline products are extremely rich.
The main cash crops include sugar cane, pineapple, banana, mango, vegetables, etc., the main livestock products include Xuwen cattle and Xuwen goats, and the main seafood products include pearls, shrimps, high-quality fish, etc. In addition, Xuwen also has the country's largest diatomite mineral reserves of more than 100 million tons; it owns 5,333 hectares of suitable salt flats.
Due to the influence of the tropical maritime monsoon climate, typhoons often land in summer.
Rich in famous products, Bali pineapple fruit and purple mango were awarded the title of famous brand product at the China Agricultural Expo, and the purple mango was also awarded the title of famous brand product at the China International Agricultural Expo. In recent years, we have vigorously promoted import-substituting agriculture and off-season agricultural production to achieve the goal of "I have what others don't have, I have the best when people have it, and I have the best when people have it", and 20 high-standard agricultural demonstration areas have been built.
Farmers load pineapple seedlings onto oxcarts and transport them to the fields for planting
The coastal waters are rich in seafood, including shellfish and algae. There are the largest pearl and shrimp breeding bases in the country.
Xuwen has rich tourism resources. The first is the long history; the second is the simple folk customs; the third is the rich cultural landscape; the fourth is the beautiful natural landscape; and the fifth is the subtropical agricultural tourism belt. Such as Huafengling Neolithic Life Site, the starting port of the Maritime Silk Road in the Han Dynasty, Han Dynasty tombs, Fubo Temple, Guisheng Academy, Dengyun Pagoda, Jiaowei Coral Reef Nature Reserve, Sandun Island Mangrove, Baisha Bay, Xuwen Park, etc. will be described in detail later. In addition, there are also popular folk stories and legends. Xuwen is increasingly evolving into a tourist destination with special charm.
With the opening of National Highway No. 1 and the mainland-island interchange bridge Guangdong-Sea Railway, Xuwenhai Road can connect Hong Kong and Southeast Asian countries, the railway can connect southwest and northeast China, and the highway can directly connect Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and other places. Hai'an Port is the largest car ferry port in mainland China and the only trade port with Vietnam in western Guangdong.
The area of ??Xuwen is not only filled with talented people, but also many historical celebrities have been connected with Xuwen for various reasons, either leaving their former residences in divination temples, or leaving calligraphy inscriptions, or leaving divination anecdotes. For example, two thousand years ago, the Han Dynasty Liangfubo general Lu Bodeli Ma Yuan, the Northern Song Dynasty literary giant Su Dongpo, the Northern Song Dynasty Kou Zhun, the Southern Song Dynasty's first prime minister Li Gang, the Ming Dynasty dramatist Tang Xianzu, etc. They all left priceless divination treasures for Xu Wen, which can be called Xu Wen An important cornerstone for the development of humanistic tourism resources in the tourism industry.
Economic Overview
2004 was a fruitful year for the economic and social construction of Xuwen County, and it was also the year when the people benefited the most. Vigorously implement the six measures of "promoting industry, strengthening agriculture, stimulating commerce, building cities, promoting tourism, and promoting private enterprise" and the "People's Support Project" to strengthen the leading position of industry, continuously increase efforts to attract investment and develop industry, and accelerate the pace of urban and rural planning and construction , strive to solve the "six difficulties" problems of the masses, such as difficulty in walking, drinking water, housing, medical treatment, schooling and employment, and achieve comprehensive economic and social development. The total production value was 3.567 billion yuan, an increase of 10.5%. The added value of the primary industry was 1.838 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8%; the added value of the secondary industry was 661 million yuan, an increase of 21.9% (of which the total industrial output value was 1.35 billion yuan, an increase of 17.9%); the added value of the tertiary industry was 1.07 billion yuan, An increase of 8.4%.
New breakthroughs have been made in attracting investment and industrial development, and remarkable results have been achieved in economic development. By increasing investment attraction, accelerating the construction of industrial zones, adopting preferential policies of "zero land price" and "zero charge", and implementing "one The "station-type" office has attracted a number of industrial projects to settle in Xuwen. A total of 26 industrial projects were introduced in one year. A number of industrial enterprises such as Tongda, Hongtu and Zhanken Rubber were completed and put into operation, which can increase the annual industrial output value by 600 million yuan. There are also a number of industrial projects currently under construction. The total industrial output value for the whole year was 1.35 billion yuan, an increase of 17.9%. The total foreign trade export volume reached 20 million US dollars for the first time, an increase of 17.2%. The county's total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery reached 2.567 billion yuan, an increase of 7.3%. The annual per capita net income of farmers was 4,423 yuan, an increase of 3.9%. While comprehensively canceling agricultural specialty taxes and lowering the agricultural tax collection ratio, we will establish fiscal and tax collection incentive mechanisms and strengthen fiscal and taxation management to maintain fiscal revenue growth amid difficulties. The annual local general budget revenue reached 88.9 million yuan, an increase of 17.6% on the same basis. The savings deposits of urban and rural residents were 2.854 billion yuan, an increase of 9.6%.
There have been new breakthroughs in urban and rural planning and construction, and significant results have been achieved in fixed asset investment. A number of industrial, transportation, water conservancy, urban construction, and tourism projects have been launched, and the total fixed asset investment has surged. The fixed asset investment completed throughout the year was 885 million yuan, an increase of 21.7%.
Xuwen County has vigorously developed modern agriculture and achieved remarkable results in the construction of new rural areas.
By adjusting and optimizing the agricultural economic structure, 20 South Asian tropical agricultural demonstration zones have been built, forming ten major commodity bases such as pineapples, bananas, export vegetables, mangoes, sugar cane, sweet corn, pearls, and shrimps. They are rich in pineapples, bananas, mangoes, Sugar cane, papaya, green pepper, cucumber, eggplant, shrimp, pearls and other agricultural and seafood products, as well as cane sugar, alcohol, rubber, goat, galangal, sisal, sea salt and other specialties have long been famous. "Yugonglou" brand pineapple, "Fumin" brand banana, "Warrior" brand steamed green tea, "Xiongou" brand steamed green tea and "Feng" brand white sugar have obtained national green food certification. "Yugonglou" brand Brand pineapples and "Fumin" brand bananas also won the title of "Chinese Famous Fruits". It has completed the planning of natural villages with more than 200 people, built more than 3,000 kilometers of rural hard-bottomed cement roads, and carried out new rural construction in 838 villages, accounting for 66.5% of the total number of villages. Guang'an Village in Hai'an Town is a national ecological civilization village. The county has been rated as "China's leading county in pineapple industry", "China's number one banana county", "China's leading winter vegetable county", "China's top ten pollution-free fruit and vegetable counties" and "National Standardized Production Base of Green Food Raw Materials (Pineapple )", was established as an advanced model for the construction of a new socialist countryside by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee in August 2006.
Actively introduce large-scale industrial enterprises, and the leading industrial position has been continuously strengthened. The production scale of enterprises such as Zhanjiang Huamei Food, Zhanjiang Xinchang Food, and Guanya Food continues to expand, and the influence of agricultural and seafood processing bases gradually increases; Guangdong Yuedian Yangqian Wind Power Project and Kuntai Electronics Project were completed and put into operation in the first half of 2008. Guangdong The Guangdong Wind Power Project and the Guangdong Huadian Thermal Power Generation Project have entered the preparation stage, and industrial development will surely enter the fast lane of development. Xuwen’s standard building, Gaolou Fangdu
Accelerating infrastructure construction, the tourism service industry has broad prospects for development. Municipal projects such as the Chengbei Water Plant, Changchun Bridge, Guisheng Park, Huajian Garden Phase II, and Jinyi Yayuan Community were completed, and the non-motorized lane reconstruction of Xuhai Avenue was completed. The progress of projects such as the central business district, sports center, and building materials market was accelerated. , Science and Technology Cultural Center, Youth Activity Center, the northern section of Xuwen Avenue, Thousand Mu Botanical Garden, county entrance and exit renovation and other projects are under preparation; Haian Xinglei Bay Hot Spring Resort has been completed and put into trial operation, and the quality of hotels and large supermarkets has been significantly improved; the southernmost point of mainland China , coral reef tourist areas, the ancient "Maritime Silk Road" departure port and other tourism resources are being developed at an accelerated pace, and the tourism service industry has huge development potential. In recent years, the county's GDP growth rate has remained above 10%, achieving sound and rapid economic and social development. In 2007, the county's GDP was 5.368 billion yuan, an increase of 13.1% over the previous year. The total industrial output value was 2.725 billion yuan, an increase of 27.1%. The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 3.811 billion yuan, an increase of 6.6%. General budget revenue was 164 million yuan, an increase of 27.3%. The deposit balance of financial institutions was 4.779 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3%. The per capita wage of on-the-job employees was 13,438 yuan, an increase of 14%; the per capita net income of farmers was 5,714 yuan, an increase of 8.6%.
Physical geography
Land resources
Xuwen County has abundant land resources and various soil types, including paddy soil, brick red soil, coastal sand, stacked soil, Vegetable garden soil, coastal salt marsh soil and coastal salt soil, among which brick red loam soil, rice soil and coastal soil are the main types, covering an area of ??2.3176 million acres, accounting for about 87% of the total land area. The parent material of the soil is mainly basalt, followed by shallow sea sediments and coastal alluvial deposits. The brick red loam soil has a deep layer and high fertility, with an average organic matter content of 2.79% and a nitrogen content of 0.13%. The yellow brick red loam soil is deep and loose, with good farming ability and high fertility. Coastal sandy soil is thinner and barren. The county's terrain slopes from north to east, west and south. Most of the land is flat and contiguous, with small slopes and high availability. The land structure is diverse and versatile, which is conducive to the development of agricultural production.
The coastal areas of Xuwen County have more people and less land, while the inland areas have fewer people and more land. In 2004, the county’s total land area was 195,400 hectares (2,931,600 acres), of which 2,427,600 acres were county land, accounting for 83% of the total area. State-owned farm land is 503,900 acres, accounting for 17%. The per capita land area of ??the county is 4.35 acres, including 876,032 acres of cultivated land. The per capita land area of ??the county's agricultural population is 5.45 acres, including 1.63 acres of cultivated land. The largest area is Longtang Town, with a per capita land area of ??4.9 acres and 1.8 acres of cultivated land. The smallest is Xucheng Town, with a per capita land area of ??0.68 acres and 0.11 acres of cultivated land.
Marine Resources
Xuwen County is surrounded by the sea on three sides, with a coastline of 372 kilometers, many islands and bays, and more than 50 ports dotted around the country. The main ports are Hai'an, Wailuo, New Zealand, Bo Sai, Hong Leong Bay, etc. There are many fishing grounds, including Qianhai Fishing Ground, Erka Fishing Ground, Shajiao Fishing Ground, Hungoukou Fishing Ground and Waikatou Fishing Ground in the east, Sitang Fishing Ground and Sandun Fishing Ground in the south, Baoxi Fishing Ground, Waisha Fishing Ground and Beibu Gulf in the west. The fishing grounds around Hainan Island and the Paracel Islands are very rich in fish resources and are rich in commercial fish such as croaker, catfish, pomfret, green scale fish, and saury. The county's coastal beaches are wide and flat, with an available breeding area of ??195,000 acres, equivalent to 18% of the cultivated land area. The intertidal zone area is 254,500 acres, including 217,900 acres of mangroves, 99,800 acres of aquaculture area, and 77,300 acres of 10-meter isobath area. The conditions for the development of marine aquaculture are unique. Judging from the development plan of Xuwen County’s marine economy, the He’an, Jinhe, Xinliao and Xiayang coastal areas in the northeast have vast tidal flats, sufficient rainfall throughout the year, large ground flow, and are covered by mangroves, making them suitable for fish farming. Shrimps, crabs and mud clams; in the coastal areas of Qianshan, Longtang, Hai'an and Nanshan in the south, the tidal flats have many rocks and reefs, and the salinity and transparency of the sea water are suitable for breeding abalone and algae; in the coastal areas of Maichen, Jiaowei and Xilian in the west, tidal flats It is flat and the bottom soil is relatively fertile, mostly soil and silt, which is suitable for the growth of shellfish and sea cucumbers. The western beach also has the advantages of sufficient sunlight, high heat, and high seawater salinity, which is conducive to salt industry production.
Biological Resources
Maritime mangroves are located on the 378-kilometer-long coastline of Xuwen County. There are many sea lagoons, harbors and islands, as well as fertile silt wetlands, which are suitable for mangroves. breeding ground. Walking along the coastline, from He'an, Jinnang, Xinliao and Xiayang in the northeast to Maichen, Jiaowei and Xilian in the west, you will see mangroves distributed to varying degrees. The best protected areas are the He'an Peninsula, the five major He'an islands, Xinliao Island, Jinnang Liuji Island, and the mangroves on the east and west sides of the Wailuo Peninsula. According to relevant statistics, there are currently nearly 30,000 acres of mangroves in the county. The main species include 15 species of mangrove plants, including 10 species of true mangroves: elegans, Kandelia candel, red sea palm, tung flower tree, white bone soil, sea lacquer, sea mulberry, olive plum, rattlesnake and silver leaf tree. There are 5 types of semi-mangroves: bracken fern, hibiscus hibiscus, poplar-leaf hibiscus, water-huangpi, and sea mango. There are 96 species of phytoplankton, 158 species of benthic diatoms, 127 species of fish, 110 species of shellfish, 61 species of shrimps and crabs, 192 species of birds, 258 species of insects, and 26 species of other animals.
Under the influence of the tropical monsoon climate, tropical organisms in Xuwen County are produced all year round, with a wide variety of animals and plants, including more than 80 kinds of edible plants, more than 130 kinds of forest plants, and more than 70 kinds of medicinal plants. There are more than 40 kinds of ornamental plants. The county grows rice, sweet potatoes, corn, sorghum and other food crops all year round. It also grows sugar cane, pineapples, mangoes, bananas and other cash crops. Wild animals include weasels, civets, pangolins, giant voles, mountain tortoises, and woolly beetles. Chickens, pheasants, owls, turtle doves, green snakes, pythons, cobras, black snakes, water snakes, snails, earthworms, crickets, centipedes, etc.
Water resources
There are few water resources in Xuwen County and their distribution is unbalanced. The north and east are richer, followed by the south, and the western coast is poor. The rainfall in the county is uneven, decreasing from north to southwest, with a range of 1800-1100 mm. The area near Shibanling in Xiaqiao is a rainy area, with rainfall above 1700 mm. The average annual rainfall in the county is 2.468 billion cubic meters. The total runoff volume is 829 million cubic meters. There are six streams in the county with a rainwater collection area of ??more than 100 square kilometers, including Maichen Creek, Dashuiqiao Creek, Liusha Creek, Huangding Creek, Naban Creek and Beisong Creek. They have been intercepted and built into reservoirs. Xuwen County has relatively abundant groundwater sources. Its water chemical type is gold carbonate oxide, with a pH value greater than 7. The water quality is good and the water temperature is suitable, meeting the water requirements for industry and agriculture. The total amount of groundwater that can be mined and utilized in the county is 205 million cubic meters per year, accounting for 53.7% of the total irrigation capacity of the county's existing water storage projects. The supply of groundwater sources is 896 million cubic meters, which is the largest amount of groundwater that can be mined in the county. 4.36 times. The groundwater used for industrial water and domestic water supply is 300,000 cubic meters per day, which means the annual water consumption is about 45.62 million cubic meters, accounting for 23% of the exploitable volume. There is also 77% of groundwater reserves. Mining and utilization.
Mineral Resources
After many surveys and explorations by the geological department, it has been found that there are many kinds of mineral deposits in the county, mainly titanium and zirconium, diatomite, limonite and bauxite , and a small amount of quartz sand, siderite, magnetite, olivine, tourmaline, illite and ceramic clay. Among them, the titanium and zirconium ore reserves are more than 700,000 tons, covering an area of ??36 square kilometers. They are mainly distributed in the coastal sandlands in He'an, Xinliao, Jinhe, Qianshan, Longtang and Xiayang from the northeast to the southeast. The reserves in Xiayang Town are the largest. ; Diatomite reserves reach 100 million tons, covering an area of ??9.26 square kilometers, with two mining areas: Qujie Tianyang and Dahuang Jiumu; limonite reserves reach 1.94 million tons, covering an area of ??74.5 square kilometers, and are divided into Macheng mining area and Jiayang mining area ; Bauxite reserves are 8.97 tons, covering an area of ??25.3 square kilometers, mainly distributed in the Qujie and Xiaqiao areas.
Administrative divisions
Xuwen County governs 1 street (Xucheng) and 12 towns (He'an, Qujie, Jinhe, Xinliao, Xiayang, Qianshan, Longtang , Hai'an, Maichen, Xilian, Xiaqiao, Nanshan), 2 townships (Chengbei, Jiaowei).
Historical evolution
Xuwen County was established in the Han Dynasty. According to "Xuwen County Chronicle": "It is said that its land is forced by the sea and the sound of the waves is shaking. How can it be said that it is slowly and slowly heard? This is where Xuwen got its name."
In 2000, Xuwen County governed 13 counties Town, 5 townships: Xucheng Town, Xiaqiao Town, He'an Town, Xinliao Town, Wailuo Town, Jinhe Town, Xiayang Town, Qujie Town, Qianshan Town, Xilian Town, Hai'an Town, Maichen Town , Longtang Town, Chengbei Township, Chengnan Township, Jiaowei Township, Wuli Township, and Dahuang Township. The total population is 616,478. The population of each township is: Xucheng Town 66201 Wailuo Town 10425 Maichen Town 46897 Hai'an Town 22082 Qujie Town 42349 Qianshan Town 35583 Xilian Town 34560 Xiaqiao Town 35529 Longtang Town 51690 Xiayang Town 22766 Jinhe Town 26431 He'an Town 28942 Xinliao Town 24090 Chengnan Township 40699 Chengbei Township 22483 Wuli Township 20691 Dahuang Township 24338 Jiaowei Township 25935 Warrior Farm Virtual Town 6496 Nanhua Farm Virtual Town 6896 Wuyi Farm Virtual Town 5402 Seaou Farm Virtual Town 6911 Youhao Farm Virtual Town 4255 Hongxing Farm Virtual Town 4827 (based on the fifth census data; unit: person)
In 2002, Xuwen County administered 13 towns (Xucheng, Anqu Jiejin and Xinliao Wailuo Xiayangqianshan There are 173 village committees and 20 neighborhood committees in Longtang, Haian, Mai, Chenxi, Lianxiaqiao), 5 townships (Wuli in the north of the city, Jiaowei Dahuang in the south of the city).
In October 2003, Wuli Township and Chengnan Township were abolished and merged to establish Nanshan Town; Wailuo Town was abolished and its administrative area was merged into Jinhe Town.
In May 2005, Xuwen County governed 13 towns (Xucheng, He'an, Qujie, Jinhe, Xinliao, Xiayang, Qianshan, Longtang, Hai'an, Maichen, Xilian, Xiaqiao, Nanshan), 2 townships (Chengbei, Jiaowei).
On July 4, 2005, the Civil Affairs Department of Guangdong Province (Yuemin District [2005] No. 36) approved the cancellation of Xucheng Town, Xuwen County, and the establishment of Xucheng Sub-district Office.
As of December 31, 2005, Xuwen County governed 1 street (Xucheng), 12 towns (He'an, Qujie, Jinhe, Xinliao, Xiayang, Qianshan, Longtang, Hai'an, Maichen, Xilian, Xiaqiao, Nanshan), 2 townships (Chengbei, Jiaowei).
On December 30, 2020, the 2020 China haze-free county rankings were released, and Xuwen County ranked 6th.
In June 2020, Xuwen County was included in the second batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics (Guangdong area).
On October 29, 2019, Xuwen County was named one of the “Second Batch of National Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Counties” by the Ministry of Agriculture.
On December 31, 2017, Xuwen County was listed in the list of 2017 China's most investment potential and characteristic charm demonstration counties.
On February 16, 2016, Xuwen County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education nationwide in 2015.