In the eastern part of Xiashan, from northwest to southeast, two mountains of Guishan and Turtle Mountain protrude. Guishan Mountain is 113.87 meters above sea level, and Snake Mountain is about 48 meters high. The terrain of Lion Head Mountain (Butterfly Mountain) connected across the river is gentle and sloping. It is low and forms the barrier of Xiashan Ruins. The southwest of Xiashan is close to Danan Mountain. Danan Mountain is rich in water resources. Most of the water flows to the southeast, and the water flow has a large drop. Therefore, there are many rivers in the southeast, and there are countless pits in the upper source to flow to Qiufeng Ridge. The water flow is gentle and the ocean is vast. After liberation, the people's government stored water here and built the Qiufeng Reservoir. From there, it meanders through Gucuo Township and enters Liangying Town. It branches into several tributaries. One flows westward into Simapu Town and into Lianjiang River, and the other flows into Xiashan Town, named Xiashan River. Xiashan River is also called Xiashan Daxi. It originates from Qigou and flows into the vicinity of Shangdongpu, Liantang and Chenhepo. It flows through Xiadongpu to Xigang, Liuqian and the white water belt system to Lugang Town, Qiaodong and other villages, and flows out of Lianjiang Guitou Sea through Heping Town. In Xigang, the water from Daxiogou and Silian flows into Shaxi and Taochen, and from Chenhepo through Goutou and Xigou, it flows into Liannan and Dongxi and leaves Lianjiang River. Navigation from Lianjiang to Liannan or Dongxiwen can reach Xiashan Town. The Xiashan River has abundant water and irrigates most of the cultivated land in the town. The Shibawan water flows from the two branches of Liangying, flows through Xiadian into Xianggang to the shore of Lianjiang River, then turns to the southwest, flows into Yangchen and Gongqiao, and meanders to near Yiying, forming the Shibawan that curves into the south and flows northward. , flows into Nanfeng, Chaodong, and Longmei rivers and flows out of Lianjiang River, which is the main artery for irrigation and water transportation in the northwest of Xiashan Town. 3. Soil According to the geological age, Xiashan Town was originally a swamp alluvial plain. It was formed due to the massive loss of water and soil in Danan Mountain and the entrainment of sediment. The area near Danan Mountain is semi-sandy soil, accounting for about 40% of the town's arable land, and is suitable for growing rice, wheat, sugar cane, peanuts and other crops. Adjacent to Lianjiang, the soil is clay soil, accounting for about 60% of the town's arable land, and is suitable for growing rice, wheat, tangerines, sweet potatoes, bananas and other crops. 4. Climate Xianshan belongs to the subtropical oceanic climate zone, which is mainly characterized by relatively high temperatures. The annual average temperature is about 20°C, and the lowest month in January is 8.4°C. However, the low temperature was 1°C on January 18, 1961, which is average all year round. The highest temperature is 36°C, with the highest temperature reaching 37.4°C on August 2, 1962. Rainfall is abundant, with the annual precipitation being around 1800 mm, and the maximum daily precipitation generally being 100 mm. The rainy season is from April to August. 5. Resident population According to research, most of the residents of Xiashan Town come from Quanzhou and Zhangpu areas in southern Fujian. Some migrated south due to the war, mainly from the Zhongzhou area in Henan to southern Fujian. In the Song Dynasty, another group of people came to seek refuge from the north. Because they came later than the "Heluo" tide, they were called Hakka. Today, some residents on the edge of Nanshan still speak Hakka, and Jiudou in Donggou Village is a native of Qianshan. The villages in Xiashan Town were formed earlier in the Song Dynasty, such as Xiashan, Yangnei, Yiying, Huaqiao and other villages. By the early Ming Dynasty, Xiashan had become the key capital of Chaoyang (named Huanglong Capital, with jurisdiction over 83 villages). Xiashan Town currently has 170,000 permanent residents and more than 40,000 temporary residents. The number of overseas Chinese living in Xiashan Town reaches 100,000. According to statistics from the Overseas Chinese Federation of the town, there are about 40,000 people living in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, about 50,000 people living in Thailand, more than 4,000 people living in Malaysia and Singapore, more than 400 people living in the Philippines, and more than 100 people living in Indonesia. In addition, there are also Xianshan people in America, Australia, Europe and Mauritius on the coast of East Africa. 6. Historical evolution Xiashan was called "Heshan" in ancient times. It got its name because it is located in Guishan and Snake Mountain. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhou Guanghao, the Minister of Dali Temple, built the "Mingnong Mountain House" in Xiashan to live in seclusion. Seeing that the vegetation on the mountains was as green as jade, he engraved the word "Yuxia" on the stone, so Xiashan was also called "Yuxia". In the first year of Jin Long'an (AD 399), Chaoyang County was established. The county seat was placed at the foot of Linkun Gushan, and Xiashan was under the jurisdiction of Chaoyang. In the first year of Yonghui of the Tang Dynasty (AD 665), Chaoyang was merged into Haiyang. In the first year of Xiantian (AD 712), Haiyang was demolished and replaced by Chaoyang. In the 14th year of Yuanhe (819 AD), Han Yu was relegated to Chaozhou and the county seat was moved from Linkun to Xinxing Township (now Miancheng). At that time, Chaoyang had four townships: Xingxing, Xingren, Fengen, and Fenghuan, and Xiashan belonged to Xingren Township. In the second year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty (AD 1132), Chaoyang was merged into Haiyang. In the tenth year of Shaoxing (AD 1140), Haiyang was demolished and Chaoyang was replaced.

In the 17th year of the Yuan Dynasty (AD 1357), Daru Hua Chixiong, the supervisor of the county, built an earthen city as a city corridor in Xinxing Township, and had jurisdiction over 14 regiments in the county. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it was occupied by native people, and Chen Sui occupied the city. Xie Junzheng occupied Qishandu (now Heping), and Hulu occupied Jinglong (the area around Huanglongdu). In the 14th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1381), Yang Zhi, the magistrate of the county, was ordered to measure the land within the territory, collect the number of people, determine taxes and draft maps, and change the 14 regiments into 16 township capitals. , the Chaoyang area was changed, and 10 capitals were set up. Xiashan was still the capital of Huanglong. In Yimao, the twelfth year of Yongzheng's reign in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1735), the Ji'an Inspection Department moved to Xiashan. In the early years of the Republic of China, Chaoyang was withdrawn from the capital and established as a district. The county was divided into 9 administrative districts. Xiashan belonged to the fifth district of Chaoyang, and the district office was located in Xiashan Market. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Xiashan belonged to Chaoyang and was the fifth district. In 1956, the district was split up and merged into townships. In 1957, the township was merged. In 1958, a people's commune was established in Xiashan. In 1984, the commune was removed to build a district, and in 1987, the district was removed to build a town. Xiashan Town currently governs 36 villages (residences): Xiashan, Shangdongpu, Zhaiwailin, Dongshan, Silian, Yangnei, Dongtang, Shaxi, Taochen, Nanli, Yiying, Shanwei, Taoxi, Liannan, Xigang, Dongxi, Longmei, Xinan, Huaqiao, Chaodong, Gongqiao, Gongshang, Yangfenchen, Goutou, Yangfenlin, Donggou, Shangxigou, Xigou, Chenhepo, Xiadong Pu, Lianqing, Yingguang, Xixin, Dazhai, Liwei, Shangjia. 7. Economy Xiashan is an important town in eastern Guangdong. During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, the Ji'an Inspection Department moved to Xiashan. During the Republic of China, it was the seat of the Fifth District Office of Chaoyang County. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chaoyang County's industrial and commercial, taxation, postal, public security, court, procuratorial and other departments all set up agencies and branches in Xiashan; Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of Communications, issuance, insurance, securities and other financial institutions have successively set up offices or business offices in Xiashan. In 2003, the zoning of Shantou City was adjusted. The original Chaoyang City was divided into two districts, Chaoyang and Chaonan, which were under the jurisdiction of Shantou City. Xiashan became the seat of the People's Government of Chaonan District and the political, economic and cultural center of Chaonan District. Xiashan is one of the famous hometowns of overseas Chinese in Guangdong Province. There are more than 100,000 overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people from Xiashan traveled across the ocean one after another and went abroad to make a living. After hard work, they achieved success in their careers, and many of them became entrepreneurs or celebrities. Overseas children care deeply about their motherland and hometown. They have donated more than 200 million yuan to support the construction of schools, hospitals, water reform, bridges and road construction and other welfare undertakings in their hometowns. They have invested in the establishment of industries and made sincere contributions to the economic construction and social development of their hometowns. Xiashan is known as the "Hundred Years of Commercial Port". Since its establishment in the Ming Dynasty, Wei has been a commodity distribution center in eastern Guangdong. After the reform and opening up, the street party and government committed to implementing the "Xiashan Town Construction Master Plan" and built more than 10 comprehensive markets such as Xiashan Shopping Mall, South China Trade Plaza, Nanxing, Jinyuan, Xigou, and Nanli, and tens of thousands of street-facing commercial stalls. time, with a market usable area of ??more than 100,000 square meters. The market has a dazzling array of products. Xiashan has marketing points set up in large and medium-sized cities across the country. It has more than 50 freight companies and its operating network covers all parts of the country. Many companies have their own websites and web pages, forming a market system that is well-informed and integrates internal and external resources. Xiashan is one of the "Economically Strong Towns in Guangdong Province". Agriculture is mainly focused on growing rice, as well as sweet potatoes, vegetables, oranges, bananas and other crops, as well as animal husbandry. Starting from consolidating the basic position of agriculture, in response to the reality of more people and less land in Xiashan, the parties and governments at all levels stabilized the grain planting area, increased agricultural investment, built water conservancy projects, carried out basic farmland construction, carried out high-yield competition activities, and scientifically farmed, achieving "tons" year after year. Valley Town”. Industries include embroidery, tin foil, fireworks, firecrackers, stone carving, wood carving, paint, textiles, building materials and other traditional crafts and handicrafts. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, collective enterprises such as woodware, hardware, plastics, dyeing and weaving, and processing were developed. After the reform and opening up, Xiashan's advantages in business and trade, hometown of overseas Chinese, and people's strength have been fully brought into play. Party and government at all levels have guided enterprises to follow the right path, run industries, focus on pillars, and build brands, and strive to promote private enterprises to increase their grade and scale. There are more than 1,000 private enterprises in the whole street, employing more than 60,000 people, forming three pillar industries such as fine chemicals, knitted clothing, and stationery, as well as traditional advantageous industries such as leather and plastic products, zipper cords, and electronic appliances. A number of industrial communities such as Xiashan and Shanwei were built successively.

In 2003, the Xiashan West Economic Corridor, a relatively large-scale industrial park, was newly opened. The first and second phases cover two industrial functional zones: Yiying and Yangfenchen and Gongshang. Currently, 37 companies have settled in Yiying functional zone. The street has a number of high-tech, new and large key enterprises such as Yaqian, Yajia, Jinwannian, Xuerou, Piaona, Hualong and Shuangxiong. While private enterprises have introduced a large number of advanced production equipment, they have also linked up with colleges and universities, hired domestic and foreign scientific and technological talents with high salaries, strengthened technical training for workers, and strived to cultivate brands and strive to create famous brands. There are a total of 6,580 registered trademarks, including 4 well-known trademarks in China, 1 famous brand product in China, 18 famous trademarks in Guangdong Province, 5 famous brand products in Guangdong Province, and 5 private technology enterprises in Guangdong Province. The technological content of the products is constantly improving. In 2008, the subdistrict's local GDP was 3.668 billion yuan; the total industrial output value was 11.528 billion yuan, the industrial and commercial tax revenue was 283 million yuan, and the foreign trade export volume was 255 million US dollars. Creating a good investment environment is the common sense of street cadres and groups. Over the past 20 years, more than 30 concrete roads with a width of 12-32 meters have been laid, and the first phase of the North Ring Avenue with a total length of 8.45 kilometers and a width of 48 meters has completed the paving of 3.3 kilometers of cement pavement. A 56-kilometer-long Qiu Feng Water Improvement Project water pipeline was laid to 60 natural villages; a 13-story telecommunications complex was built, equipped with 3 machine rooms, and a program-controlled power station with an installed capacity of 62,000 units; and two 110-kilovolt power stations were built. Transmission substation. It has 11 large-scale and high-grade hotels (hotels), including 1 four-star hotel and 2 three-star hotels. It also strengthens comprehensive management of social security and fire safety management. Xiashan is famous at home and abroad for its attractiveness and radiating power. Xiashan has a profound cultural heritage. There are the century-old famous Liudu Middle School and a number of rural schools, as well as precious folk art and cultural heritage. After the reform and opening up, the subdistrict and village (residential) party and government raised funds from various sources and were willing to invest in the reconstruction of Liudu Middle School, the construction of two complete middle schools, Xiahui and Xiaosheng, and the construction and reconstruction of village-level schools. The school's teaching facilities are improving day by day, and the teaching quality has been greatly improved. The results of the high school entrance examination and the college entrance examination are among the best in Chaonan District; it has built a cultural palace, a TV station, a cable TV station, a nursing home, an activity center for the elderly, and a kindergarten; organized cultural and sports teams to carry out healthy and beneficial activities Mass cultural activities; improve the medical, epidemic prevention and health care system. The area has large-scale and high-grade Chaonan District People's Hospital and Chaonan District Minsheng Hospital, with advanced medical and health equipment and relatively complete supporting facilities; strengthen environmental sanitation management, pay attention to greening, Beautification, "Xiashan Garden Sculpture" was built, and cultural relics such as Xiangfu Pagoda, Fengquan Rock, and Enbo Bridge were protected and repaired. Through carrying out civilized creation activities in recent years, Xiashan people have further established social ethics, strengthened the concept of legal system, and vigorously advocated new trends of civilization.