To learn management theory, you can read more classic books like "Managers' Reference: Business Management Practice". You can learn not only theoretical knowledge but also practical experience. Reading is the fastest way to learn, reprinted below:

Eight major management theories in management: Matthew effect, Pareto's law, Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, SWOT analysis method, short board theory, brand effect , herding effect, 5W2H method.

Matthew Effect

The Matthew Effect refers to a phenomenon in which good becomes better, bad becomes worse, more becomes more, and less becomes less. The name comes from a sentence in the Bible Matthew. It is said in the 25th chapter of Matthew in the New Testament of the Bible: "To everyone who has, more will be given, so that he may have an excess; but whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken away from him." Sociologists have derived the concept of the "Matthew Effect" from this to describe the widespread phenomenon of polarization in the field of social life.

The 80/20 rule is also called Pareto's law

It was invented by the Italian economist Pareto in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He believes that in any group of things, the most important only accounts for a small part of it, about 20, and the remaining 80, although they are the majority, are secondary, so it is also called the 28-20 rule. This theory is used in human resource management, which means that 20 people in an organization complete 80% of the work. These 20 people are what we often call the backbone. For individuals, it means using 20 hours to complete 80% of the things in your life. How to find these 20 minutes is the key to personal life planning.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs (Maslow's hierarchy of needs)

Maslow's hierarchy of needs, also known as "Basic Hierarchy of Needs Theory", is one of the theories of behavioral science. It was proposed by American psychologist Abraham Maslow in his paper "Theory of Human Motivation" in 1943. This theory divides needs into five types, ascending from low to high like a ladder, namely: physiological needs, safety needs, emotional and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. . There are two other needs: intellectual needs and aesthetic needs. These two needs were not included in his hierarchy of needs, which he believed should lie between esteem needs and self-actualization needs. The value and application of needs hierarchy theory are also discussed.

SWOT analysis method

SWOT analysis method is a corporate strategic analysis method, which is to analyze the company's own established internal conditions to find out the company's strengths, weaknesses and core competitiveness. where. Among them, S represents strength, W represents weakness, О represents opportunity, and T represents threat. Among them, S and W are internal factors, and O.T is external factors. According to the complete concept of enterprise competitive strategy, strategy should be an organic combination between what an enterprise "can do" (i.e., the organization's strengths and weaknesses) and "what it may do" (i.e., environmental opportunities and threats).

Short board theory

The bucket effect means that in order for a bucket to be filled with water, every board must be flush and undamaged. If one of the boards in the bucket is If it is uneven or there is a hole under a certain board, the bucket cannot be filled with water. It means that how much water a bucket can hold does not depend on the longest board, but on the shortest board. It can also be called the short board effect. No matter how tall a bucket is, the height of the water it holds depends on the lowest board in it.

Brand effect (fruit effect)

When you think of Volvo, you usually think of safety. For consumers, a brand is an experience. In today's increasingly rich material life, there are dozens, hundreds or even thousands of similar products. It is impossible for consumers to understand them one by one. They can only choose based on past experience or the experience of others.

Because consumers believe that if one fruit picked from a fruit tree is sweet, then the rest of the fruits on the tree will also be sweet. This is the "fruit effect" of the brand.

Herding effect

Herding effect means that people are often influenced by the majority and follow the thoughts or behaviors of the public. It is also called the "herd effect". People will follow The herd effect is often used to describe the herd mentality of economic individuals. A scattered organization, they usually rush left and right blindly when they are together, but once one sheep starts to move, the other sheep will rush forward without thinking, completely ignoring that there may be wolves in front or better grass not far away. . Therefore, the "herding effect" is a metaphor that people have a herd mentality, which can easily lead to blind obedience, and blind obedience often leads to scams or failure.

5W2H method

First created by the U.S. Army Ordnance Repair Department during World War II. It is simple, convenient, easy to understand and use, and is inspiring. It is widely used in business management and technical activities. It is also very helpful and helpful for decision-making and execution activities. To make up for the omissions in considering the problem

(1) WHY——Why? Why do you do this? What is the reason? What is the reason? (2) WHAT——What is it? What is the purpose? What is the work? ?

(3)WHERE——Where? Where to do it? Where to start?

(4)WHEN——When? When should it be completed? What is the most appropriate time? (5) WHO - Who? Who will undertake it? Who will complete it? Who is responsible?

(6) How - How to do it? How to improve efficiency? How to implement it? What is the method?

(7)HOW MUCH——How much? To what extent? What is the quantity? What is the quality level and cost output?

A large collection of management theories

Foreword: The so-called golden rule is actually just a reference in certain situations, providing new thinking options. It must not be regarded rigidly as the truth.

1 Murphy's Law

If something bad is possible, no matter how unlikely it is, it will always happen and cause the greatest possible loss.

Pallet. Tuo found that 20 people have 80% of the wealth of society. Similarly, in life, you don’t have to pursue all opportunities by targeting a few goals.

The winner takes all. To maintain an advantage in a certain field, you must expand quickly. If you do not have the strength to expand quickly in a certain field, you must find a new field to ensure better returns.

4 Watch Theorem

It is impossible to determine the time if you have two watches at the same time, so choose the one you trust more, try your best to calibrate it, and use it as a standard.

For the same reason, companies or individuals cannot use both. different methods, you cannot set two different goals at the same time.

5 Laws of Not Worth It

Whatever is not worth doing is not worth doing well. Work worth doing is: consistent with values, suitable for personality, and has expectations.

6 Peter Principle

In a hierarchy, each employee tends to rise to a position for which he is incompetent.

7 Zero-sum game

No matter how much you win or lose, the positive and negative balance out. Currently replaced by a win-win model.

8 Washington Laws of Cooperation

If one person is perfunctory, two people shirk, and three people will not achieve anything. Cooperation between people is not a simple addition, but like energy in different directions. If they conflict with each other, they will not succeed, but if they are in the same direction, they will accelerate things. Similar to the vector addition of force in physics.

9 Laws of Wine and Sewage

One mouse droppings ruins a pot of porridge. Remove bad people from the organization.

10 Bucket Law

The capacity depends on the short board.

11 Mushroom Management

Mushrooms grow in dark corners, lack sunlight and fertilizer, and fend for themselves. They only get attention when they grow tall enough, but at this time they can already accept it. Sunshine. Mushroom management is suitable for training newcomers and helping them think rationally, but the time should not be too long.

12 Money Issues

Don’t be a slave to money, you must control and utilize it.

13 Occam’s Razor

“Don’t add more entities than necessary.” In fact, it requires grasping the essence and solving the most fundamental problems. In particular, we must conform to nature and not artificially complicate things.

14 Broken Window Theory

The environment has strong hints and inducements, and the "first broken glass window" must be repaired in time.

15 Parkinson’s Law

Explains the causes and consequences of organizational headcount expansion. An incompetent official usually appoints two people with lower levels than himself as assistants. They will not threaten his rights. The two assistants then find two incompetent assistants, and so on, resulting in a bloated and inefficient leadership system.

16 Kochner's Law

If the actual number of managers is twice as many as the optimal number, the working time will be twice as long and the work cost will be four times as much. Therefore, we now advocate a flat structure.

17 The Law of 250

Behind every customer, there are about 250 relatives and friends. Winning a good impression is a piece of cake. So be kind to everyone around you.

18 Davido’s Law

If you want to always dominate the market, you must be the first to develop new products and the first to eliminate your old products. .

a. Leadership

One quality

19 Lansden Principle

When you climb up, you must keep the ladder tidy , otherwise you may slip when coming down.

20 Loews’ Theorem

Humility is not thinking badly about yourself, but not thinking about yourself at all.

21 Tolede's Theorem

The test of whether a person's intelligence is superior only depends on whether his mind can accommodate two opposite thoughts at the same time without hindering his behavior in the world.

2 Dominance

22 Hedgehog Theory

Hedgehogs stay close to each other to keep warm when the weather is cold, but keep a certain distance to avoid stabbing each other. So the important way to stay close is to keep an appropriate distance.

23 Minnow Effect

Minnows are small and live in groups, with the strongest being the leader. If the leader fish's self-control organ is cut off, its actions will be disordered, but other fish will still follow blindly without knowing it. Comment: The tragedy of subordinates is caused by leaders. The most boring thing for subordinates is to follow a bad leader.

24 Rebov’s Law

As you set out to build cooperation and trust keep in mind the following in our language:

1. The 8 most important words: I Admit that I have made mistakes

2. The most important 7 words: You have done a good thing

3 The most important 6 words: What do you think

4 The most important 5 words: Let’s do it together

5 The most important 3 words: Thank you

6 The most important 2 words: We

In fact, to sum up, we must have the heart to cooperate as equals.

25 Lorber's Theorem

For a manager, the most important thing is not what happens when you are not present, but what happens when you are not present.

3 Communication

Steiner’s Theorem

The less you say, the more you hear. Therefore, you must listen to others well so that you can speak your own better.

Fethno's Theorem

People have two ears but one mouth, which means that people should listen more and speak less. Therefore, talking too much becomes an obstacle to doing.

The Complaint Effect

Companies that complain are more successful. Therefore, complaints are the catalyst for changing the unreasonable status quo. Take legitimate complaints seriously.

Lightning rod effect

The discharge at the tip of the metal rod neutralizes the electricity in the clouds and the electricity on the ground, protecting buildings from lightning strikes. Therefore, if you are good at sparing, you will be able to communicate and guide.

Four Coordination

Amino acid combination effect

As long as one of the eight amino acids that make up human protein is insufficient, the other seven will not be able to synthesize protein. Therefore, when one cannot exist without the other, one is everything.

MiG-25 Effect

Many components of the MiG-25 fighter lag behind those of the United States, but the designer considered the overall performance to produce an effect in which the sum of N 1's is greater than N. , speed, emergency response and other aspects became world-class at that time. Therefore, the best whole is the best combination of individuals.

The running-in effect

The new machine needs to be used for a certain period of time to polish the processing marks on the friction surface to become closer. Therefore, to achieve a complete fit, both parties must make necessary sacrifices.

Five Guidance

Porter's Theorem

When subjected to a lot of criticism, subordinates only remember the beginning and do not listen to the rest because they are busy looking for arguments to refute.

Langsden's Law

Working with a friend is more fun than working with your father. Therefore, if someone is respectable but not approachable, he will never be respected; if he has power but does not have authority, he will often lose power.

Gilbert's Law

The surest sign of a job crisis is that no one is telling you what to do. Therefore, the boss’s suggestions must be taken seriously. His perspective is more global.

Authority Cue Effect

One chemist claims the smell, and others blindly obey. Therefore, don’t believe it easily and think twice. Have your own solid judgment.

Guterre's Theorem

Every exit is an entrance to another. Therefore, the previous goal is the basis for the next, and the next is the continuation.

Six Plans

Leeven's Theorem

Those who hesitate to make plans do so because they are not sure of their abilities. Therefore, we must have the courage to plan and implement decisively.

Frost's Law

Before building a wall, you should know what to keep out and what to keep in. So, start by setting clear boundaries.

Seven Advisors

Poker's Theorem

Only in debate can the best ideas and decisions be born.

Wedge's Theorem

Even if you already have an opinion, if ten friends have the opposite opinion, it will be difficult for you not to be swayed. Therefore, you should not have an opinion before listening, and you should not have an opinion after listening. I'm not afraid that there will be different opinions at first, but I'm afraid that in the end I won't be able to decide which one is right.

Eight Decisions

Frank's Law

When there is no need to make a decision, it is necessary not to make a decision. So when you don't know how to act, it's best to take no action at all.

Wang An’s conclusion

Although hesitation can avoid mistakes, it can also lose opportunities.

Nine Execution

Grist's Theorem

Outstanding strategy must be coupled with outstanding execution to be successful.

Gidling's Law (General Motors)

Half the problem is solved if you write it clearly. Therefore, how to ask the right core questions is key.

Ten Information

Wolson's Law

Put information and intelligence first, and money will come rolling in. So how much you get often depends on how much you know.

Tamara Effect (Czech Radar Expert)

The new radar invented only receives signals and therefore will not be detected by enemy anti-radar devices.

Eleven Supervision

Koike Theorem (Japanese management scientist Kei Koike)

The more intoxicated you are, the more you will grasp what is in front of you. Therefore, we should always raise our heads and analyze problems with a broadened perspective. Your strengths are the reasons for your future failures. For example, I am good at ABAQUS, but I also need to learn new knowledge and not stick to it.

Heller's Law

People will work harder when they know their work performance is being checked.

Twelve Controls

The Yokoyama Law (Japanese sociologist Yokoyama Yoshio)

The most effective and continuous control is not coercion, but triggering the inner self of the individual spontaneous control. So we need to guide people’s consciousness.

Butterfly Effect

The weak air currents caused by the occasional flapping of the wings of butterflies in the Southern Hemisphere can turn into tornadoes in the Northern Hemisphere a few weeks later. This is a phenomenon in which a very small cause, over a certain period of time, develops into a huge and complex consequence with the participation of other factors. Therefore, he who ends well starts carefully.

Ash's Law

Acknowledging a problem is the first step to solving it.

Thirteen Laws and Disciplines

Locke’s Advice

Rules are rarely set, but once they are set, they must be strictly followed.

Hot Stove Law

When someone touches a hot stove with their hands, they will be punished by being burned. Three characteristics: instant warning, equality.

Fourteen Reforms

Kemeiya's Law

Everything has room for reform.

Davydov's Law

A person without innovative spirit will always be a executor.

The self-eating cub effect

In order to survive, Silicon Valley in the United States must come up with better products to beat its own original products. Therefore, you must take the initiative to deny yourself and welcome growth in order to survive.

Fifteen Innovations

Sch?n’s Theorem (MIT Professor Sch?n)

New ideas can only be achieved if they fall into the hands of people who truly believe in it and are fascinated by it. Flowers and fruits. Only faith can last.

Jining’s Theorem (Jining, an American management scientist)

The real mistake is the fear of making mistakes.

Cabe's Theorem

Giving up is the key to innovation. So before you learn to give up, it is difficult for you to understand what fighting is.

Sixteen Assessments

Kipling's advice (British writer)

Treat success and failure equally.

Schwartz's conclusion

All misfortunes will truly become unfortunate events when we think they are unfortunate. So be optimistic about the bad.

Seventeen Competition

Tinker's Law

If you are in second position, you want to work hard to be first. So if you want to walk high, you have to look high.

Runyon's Law

In a race, the faster does not necessarily win, and in a fight, the weak does not necessarily lose. Therefore, if you are unprepared, the strong cannot defeat the weak; if you are surprised, the weak can defeat the strong.

Smith’s Principle (Former Chairman of General Motors)

If you can’t beat them, join them. Therefore, competition makes people make the fastest progress, and cooperation makes people gain the most.

Eighteen Marketing

Albard’s Theorem (Hungary)

The success of a business depends on how well it understands customer requirements. Comments: Seeing needs is half the battle; meeting needs is temporary success; guiding needs is long-lasting success.

Ice cream philosophy (Taiwanese entrepreneur Wang Yongqing)

Buying ice cream starts with adversity in winter, forcing you to reduce costs and improve service. If you can survive in winter, you are not afraid of competition in summer.

Nineteen Advertising

Britt's Theorem (British Advertising Scientist)

If a product is not advertised, it is like a girl having a crush on a boy, only she knows about it.

Burnett's theorem (American advertising expert)

Only by occupying the mind can you occupy the market. Therefore, only if it is popular can it be thought-provoking, and only if it has won the hearts of the people can it be fascinating.

Latour's Law

A good product name may not help the sales of inferior products, but a bad product name will make good products unsalable.

Hess’s Law (Australian Advertiser)

If the advertisement exceeds 12 words, the reader’s memory will be reduced by 50%. Therefore, forgetting is equivalent to abandoning.

Twenty Public Relations

Mary's Law

If it is not broken yet, don't fix it, otherwise it will be self-defeating. Comment: But it can be prevented.

Frisch’s Theorem (Germany)

Without satisfied staff, there will be no satisfied customers. Comment: Coordinating internal and external relations starts with internal relations. In the same way, to handle interpersonal relationships well, start with yourself.

Refeeding effect

The behavior of some animals giving food to their parents when they grow up. Comment: People who benefit others are often the ones who benefit the most.

Strivetz's theorem (American social psychologist)

If you help others for the sake of benefit, you are not helping others. Comment: Impure motives and distorted behavior.

Twenty-one Negotiations

Otis Law

In every negotiation, you are prepared to make concessions to the other party. Comment: But don’t let your opponent see your hole cards easily.

Home Effect

A person speaks and behaves most confidently in a familiar environment. Comment: Confidence without strength is pale.

Nirenberg Principle

In a successful negotiation, each party should be the winner. Comments: ***Win Thinking.

Billing's Law

Half of the troubles in life are caused by saying yes too quickly and saying no too slowly. Comment: Without veto power, the right to speak can easily be taken away. If you don't give in on things that shouldn't be compromised, it will be easier for others to give in to you.

Twenty-Two Interactions

Klingneider's Law (American interpersonal relationship scientist)

How well we get along with others depends largely on us How to deal with people.

Taboo effect

Due to customs or personal preferences, certain speech and behavior are scrupulous and have become taboos over time. Comment: Knowing what others don’t like is more important than knowing what others like.

Friedman's Law (American Psychologist)

When one person's needs meet the needs of another, two people tend to like each other. Comment: Only when interests and benefits complement each other can needs and needs be met.

Twenty-three Results

Kelly's Theorem

Tolerating failure is a positive thing that people can learn and apply. Comment: Successful people are not controlled by failure.

Boiling effect

Water is still water when the temperature reaches 99 degrees; but if it is heated to 100 degrees, it will boil and produce water vapor to start the machine. Comment: The key point of changing from quantity to quality is very important and is the key to the biggest difference.

Wang Yongqing’s Law (President of Formosa Plastics)

Saving one dollar equals one dollar of net profit. Comment: Making money depends on others, but saving only depends on yourself.