a brief study of the Song Ci family
Song Ci, a famous forensic scientist in the Southern Song Dynasty, was a disciple of Zhu Xi. When he was young, he worshipped Zhu Xi's favorite pupil, Wu Zhi, as his teacher. Therefore, he had the opportunity to gradually get close to other disciples of Zhu Xi, and often interacted with these Confucian scholars and celebrities such as Yang Fang, Huang Gan, Yi Bangja, Cai Yuan and Cai Shen. Later, when he entered the Imperial College, he was lucky enough to meet Zhen Dexiu (Mr. Xi), a doctor in charge of the Imperial College and Zhu Xi's private school disciple, so he worshipped him as a teacher. Song Ci learned from Wu Zhi and learned from Zhen Dexiu. His knowledge originated from Zhu Xi's learning, especially under the influence of Zhu Xi's thought of "learning from things". He paid attention to practice and studied the truth, and finally successfully started the cause of forensic medicine, and wrote the famous Collection of Injustice, which was spread all over the world and was honored as the originator of forensic medicine in the world.
Song Ci's family has been handed down from Song Wenzhen in the Tang Dynasty for four generations, moved from Shunde County, Hebei Province to Jiande County, Zhejiang Province, and passed down for three generations. Sun Songshitang (word Shiqing) was born in Tang Chaoyuan and became Cheng of Jianyang County, Fujian Province in seven years (812). He was partial to the beauty of Jianyang's mountains and rivers and the elegance of customs. Before he died, he told his wife: "I have a legacy, and the people are outspoken, so I can set up a family here" (Ming Wanli's "Jianyang County Records, County Records, Appendices"). Therefore, his descendants lived in Jianyang for the rest of their lives until they moved back to Zhejiang in the early 2th century (the exact whereabouts of their descendants are unknown now). During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (161), when compiling the Records of Jianyang County, I once referred to the Song Family Ride, but so far there are no clues to be found. Based on the Epitaph of Song Jinglue written by Liu Kezhuang, the magistrate of Jianyang County in the Southern Song Dynasty (Volume 159 of Complete Works of Mr. Wang) and the related materials recorded in local history, this paper makes a brief textual research on Song Ci's lineage and the deeds of some family members.
1. A brief introduction to Song Ci's lineage
Because The Song Family Journey has not been discovered, the main sources of textual research on Song Ci's lineage are as follows:
1. Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue.
2. Wanli's "Records of Jianyang County, Records of County, Addendum" states: "His descendants (Song Shitang) Song Xian and Song Ci are both famous in this city."
3. Jiajing's "Jianyang County Records Biography Characters" contains: "Sun of Xianv, Sun Gong of Xiangiv"; "Xiang Yuan Yang Zude, and Gong Yi Zhen Jia Sheng."
4. Wanli's "Jianyang County Records, Election Records, Jiake" contains: "Song Luan: Zi Zhongshan, Tong Youli, Guan Pucheng, Ci Sun." See the attached table for details of Song Ci lineage.
Second, the deeds of some members of the Song Ci family
Song Ci was born in a scholarly family and an official family. According to the textual research, there were at least seven scholars in his family. There are four of his elders; Himself and his descendants * * * three. The deeds of some members of his family are briefly described as follows:
1. Song Wenzhen was born in Shunde County, Hebei Province. Liu Kezhuang's "Epitaph of Song Jinglue" contains: "The Song family was handed down from Tang Wenzhen to the fourth generation, and moved by Xing." Therefore, Song Wen is really the highest ancestor of Song Ci-zhi, who lived in the Tang Dynasty and his life story is unknown.
2. Song Shitang: Zi Shiqing, a native of Jiande County, Zhejiang Province. According to the Epitaph of Song Jinglue, Song Shitang is the seventh grandson of Song Wenzhen. Ming Wanli's "Records of Jianyang County" ("Records of County, Addendum") records that he "ascended Tang Yuan and Ren Chen (812) as scholars and awarded Jianyang Cheng. The public is honest and self-disciplined, and when things go wrong, the people are very safe. Love the beauty of the customs of the mountains and rivers in the city, and ask his wife to say,' I have a legacy of love, and the people will not violate it, so I can set up a family here.' When you die in an official, your descendants will live in the world. "Then he commented:" The old records don't contain the first, and their descendants Song Xian and Song Ci are both famous in this city. I trust that what is contained in Family Ride is true, so it is specially written. "
The above records illustrate the following three aspects: First, Song Shitang was the ancestor of the Song Ci family who entered Fujian, and explained why his descendants settled in Jianyang; Secondly, when compiling the Ming Wanli Jianyang County Records, I once referred to the Song Family Travel. Unfortunately, the "Family Ride" is now missing; Thirdly, both Song Xian and Song Ci are direct descendants of Song Shitang, but the specific algebraic interval cannot be inferred for the time being.
3. Song Xian: He is a native of Jianyang Tongyou. In the second year of Tiansheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (124), he was listed as a scholar in the suburbs of Song Dynasty (Jianyang County Records, Election Records, Jiake in Ming Wanli). Have both courage and knowledge, both civil and military. In the spring of the first year of Jing You (134), he was allowed to take a sick leave at home. In the following year, he built Xiaofeng Jingshe in Changmao Village, Luotian, Jianyang, his hometown, to gather disciples to give lectures and cultivate talents. Yu Long, a senator from Jiangxi Province, wrote Xiao Feng Jing She Ji for him. In the first year of Qingli (141), he was appointed as the magistrate of Youxi County, Fujian Province. Rebuild the county school during his term of office and teach the classics in person. Lin Ji, his favorite pupil, became the first scholar in the history of this county in the sixth year of Qingli (146). He also wrote the first county annals of Youxi-Youchuan Annals. When he was an official in Shaowujun, Fujian, he was very concerned about education, building more school buildings and purchasing 5 mu of school fields as education funds. When Ren Shaozhou (now in Guangdong) was a magistrate, he was able to make a decisive decision and punish Rong Xi, who was plotting evil. His subordinates were awed and did not dare to disobey. Di Qing (Wu Xiang) was in charge of Guangxi, and Song Xian was rewarded with meritorious service, and he was transferred to work as a foreign minister. Yu Qiong (now Hainan Province) was invited to study Guan Lixue and give the history of classics to change his style, which was approved by the court. Tired from being an official to being an official, he finally returned to his hometown to give lectures and write with the title of a doctor in the DPRK. In the eighth year of Jiayou (163), he wrote the Epitaph of Huang, the wife of Jianyang County in the Song Dynasty, for Wu, a prominent family in Jianyang at that time. After the death of Song Xian, he was buried in Baoshan Temple in the south of Jianyang City (Jianyang County Records, 1994, p. 859).
He has been abroad for many years and is diligent in writing. Each book is an episode, covering a wide range of classics, history, philosophers and collections. Song Qi, Li Gou, Yu Jing, Wang Tao, Du Qi and others wrote prefaces for his works. Ouyang Xiu, Lu You and Sima Guang spoke highly of his works. Song Qi said in the preface to his Jian Chi Bian: "The consistent talents are very sharp, such as the wind, and although they are in the official career, they are not in the book research room" (Jianyang County Records, Arts and Records, Collection Class, Republic of China). His specific works include Supplementary Notes on Zhouyi, Yi Xun, Yi Ming, Yi Bian, Mao Shi Zheng Ji, Annotation on the Analects of Confucius, Yang Zi's Notes on Fa Yan Guang, A Brief Introduction to Chao Zhi, Jian Chi Bian, Mao Tan Lu, etc. Song Xiang, the fifth grandson, was promoted to Jinshi, where he was a commander in Hunan. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, his descendant, Song Wenchong (whose relationship with Song Ci is unknown) built the "Temple of Song Guan" to commemorate the achievements of the sages (Records of Jianyang County, Memorial Records).
4. Song Xiang: The word Zi Fei, the word Zhi Teng, is from Jianyang Tongyou. Yingwu was outstanding. At the age of seven, Liu Zikai (Pingshan) ordered a poem with a lamp and a pen, saying, "The secluded room shines brightly; In the past, a woman on the river once begged Yu Guang. " Everyone who sits is rewarded with a sigh. In the 21st year of Shaoxing (1151), he was listed as a scholar in Zhao Kui's list from childhood, and he was on the same list as people from the same county, such as You Yu and Xiong Ke (Jianyang County Records, Election Records, Jiake, Ming Wanli). Imperial academy, a tired official, learned that Zhang Jun was one of the ten guests. Since the Empress Dowager Shiwei returned to Cining Palace, Xiangrui handed it over and presented 12 chapters of Shaoxing Yuefu. Since then, she has moved to the capital and sought the participation of Dr. Chao Feng and Hunan Pacification Department. I know that the political affairs Committee will decide it, and it will be as clear as god. Dispelling doctors to serve as officials. Since his name is Meigu Jushi, he is the author of Meigu Collection. Try to create a bridge for children to swim, and set up a field of righteousness to help the people (Qing Daoguang's Jianyang County Records, Figures and Wenyuan).
5. An Sok: According to Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue, An Sok is Song Ci's great-grandfather, and his life story is unknown.
6. Song Hua: According to Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue, the life story of Song Huawei's grandfather, Song Ci, is unknown.
7. Song Gong (1147-1219): According to Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue, Song Gong was the father of Song Ci, whose name was Yi Qing, a native of Tongyouli, Jianyang, and the grandson of Song Xiang IV. Sexual intelligence, reading is not specialized in chapters and sentences, and rhetoric is better than the weak crown (field house: the place for imperial examinations; Weak crown: In ancient times, when a man performed a crown ceremony at the age of 2, it indicated that he had become an adult, because he had not yet reached the prime of life. It was called a weak crown. Weak crown in the field: here refers to the young people taking the same exam) In the seventh year of Teke's ascent to Jiading (1214), Yuan Fu was listed as a scholar, and he was on the same list as Xiong Gang and Chen Fan from the same county (Jianyang County Annals, Election Annals, Jiake, Ming Wanli). Grant ChengShiLang, Guangzhou, Lian Jing has a political voice. Later, he resigned and lived in the mountains. He died in Jiading for 12 years (1219) at the age of 73 (Ming Jiajing's "Jianyang County Records Biography Characters"). Song Gong is the only member of Song Ci's family except Song Ci, whose date of birth and death can be tested. Song Ci was born when he was 4 years old. He was 68 years old when he was admitted as a scholar with Teke, only three years earlier than his son Song Ciju, which was really a late bloomer. In the past, it may be a misinformation that Song Gong was "weak in the crown and promoted to the rank of scholar", which may have originated from the Ming Wanli's Jianyang County Records. Otherwise, we can only think that the year of Jinshi in Song Gongzhong recorded in local chronicles is wrong. Is there a father who is weak in the title of Jinshi, and his son who is a scholar three years later? When Song Gong died, Song Ci was 34 years old, two years after Song Ci entered the Jinshi, which was basically consistent with the records in Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue.
8. Song Ci: omitted.
[ Song Ci Tomb Protection Monument and Inscription ]
9. Song Guobao: According to Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue, Song Guobao is the eldest son of Song Ci, a native tribute scholar, and his life story is unknown.
1. Song Guozi: According to Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue, he is the second son of Song Ci, a local tribute scholar, and his life story is unknown.
11. Song Bingsun: According to Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue, Song Bingsun was the son of Song Ci. The word Yi Fu is from Jianyang Tongyou. Be determined to work hard, be knowledgeable and literate. In the fourth year of Chunyou (1244), Jia Chen stayed in the dream and became a scholar (Ming Wanli's Jianyang County Annals, Election Annals, Jiake). I first learned Jianning county, and I am sorry for my age. I am eager to help you. There is no city in the old city, and the land is built. Later, he was appointed as the general judge of the county, and set aside the remaining salt money to buy the field as a repair fee. Tired of being an official and serving a doctor, Shangshu Province is in charge of shelf writing. When I entered the Yuan Dynasty, I did not serve as an official, but entertained myself by chanting, and finally got home (Qing Kangxi's Jianning Mansion Records, Characters and Good Officials). Ming Jiajing compared him with Tao Yuanming (Yuan Liang) in Jin Dynasty because of his "not being an official in Yuan Dynasty" in ten volumes of Jianyang County Records. The influence of Song Bingsun's "adherents of the Southern Song Dynasty" complex on himself and his family composition has not been verified.
12. Song Xuemei: According to Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue, Song Xuemei was the eldest daughter of Song Ci and married Deng Shi Lang Liang Xinde.
13. Song Jimei: According to Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue, she is the second daughter of Song Ci, married to general Shi Lang Wu Ziqin.
14. Song Xian, Song Tao and Song Xiang: According to Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue, all three are grandchildren of Song Ci, and all are generals and ministers, but their direct relationship with Song Ci's three sons is unclear.
15. Song Luan: the word is Zhongshan, a child tourist in Jianyang, and a kind grandson. In the eighth year of Yuan Zhizheng (1348), Wang Zongzhe of Wuzike was listed as a scholar. Awarded Pucheng County Order (Ming Wanli "Jianyang County Records, Election Records, Jiake"). Song Luan was the only scholar in Jianyang County of Yuan Dynasty. His direct relationship with Song Ci's three sons cannot be tested.