1. Miao nationality

Miao nationality has a long history of music and dance, and its arts and crafts such as flower picking, embroidery, brocade, batik and jewelry making are well-known internationally. The ancestors of Miao nationality can be traced back to the Chiyou tribe active in the Central Plains in primitive society. Miao people used to believe in animism, worship nature and worship their ancestors. There are many festivals, besides traditional festivals and sacrificial festivals, there are also special festivals related to eating. There are many festivals in Miao nationality, but their names and passing laws vary from region to region. The year of Miao nationality is the most important traditional festival, and the most solemn one is the Tibetan Festival (once every 13 years).

2. Wa nationality

Wa nationality was called "chestnut millet" in the Tang Dynasty. The Yi people first lived in the Jinsha River valley at the junction of Sichuan and Yunnan, and then gradually moved to the Nujiang area in western Yunnan to settle down because of the war and other reasons. On June 11th, 1985, Weixi Lisu Autonomous County was established in Yunnan. Festivals: The main festivals are the Broad Season (December 2th, equivalent to the Chinese New Year of the Han nationality), Torch Festival, Harvest Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Bath Club, Knife and Pole Festival, etc. The "Knife and Pole Festival" held every year on the eighth day of the second lunar month is exciting. It is said that the knife pole was set up to make you people have the spirit of "Dare to climb the mountain and dare to break through the sea of fire".

3. The Menba people

According to Tibetan historical records, the ancestors of the Menba people flourished in the Himalayas in southern Tibet very early. Menba people mainly live in Medog County, Linzhi City and Cuona County in Tibet. "Menba" means people who live in the corner of the door. Monba people follow the Tibetan calendar, and the festivals are the same as those of Tibetans. During the festival, it is necessary to kill cattle and sheep, set up rich dining tables and entertain guests. According to legend, the day of the birth and death of the Buddha Sakyamuni in Tibetan Buddhism is April 15th in the Tibetan calendar. In order to commemorate this day, all the temples in the Menba area chanted prayers and held various religious activities.

4. Daur nationality

Daur nationality mainly lives in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Heilongjiang Province, and a few live in Tacheng City, Xinjiang. "Daur" means "Pioneer". Ethnic origin qidan. In the mid-17th century, in order to safeguard the reunification of the motherland, this nation fired the first shot of armed resistance against the invasion of Russia. The Daur people call the Spring Festival "Agne" and regard it as the biggest festival of the year. The 16th day of the first month is "Black Ash Day". On this day, people smear each other's faces, thinking that the darker they smear, the more auspicious the new year will be.

5. Achang ethnic group

Achang ethnic group is one of the earliest ethnic groups living in Yunnan, China. Due to different places of residence, there are also self-proclaimed names such as "Monza", "Monza Zen", "Duisai" and "Hansa". After liberation, they were collectively called Achang nationality. Huijie, a traditional gathering of Achang people, is held in the middle of September of the lunar calendar every year. Achang people believe in Hinayana Buddhism, and Huijie was originally a religious gathering. The main religious festivals include entering the depression (closing the door), leaving the depression (opening the door), burning white firewood, water splashing festival and so on. In addition to religious festivals, there are many traditional festivals unique to this nation. Such as Torch Festival, Volo Festival, Flower Watering Festival and Spring Festival.

Extended information:

1. There are 56 ethnic groups in China, except Han nationality, there are 55 ethnic minorities. They are Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uygur, Yi, Tujia, Mongolian, Tibetan, Buyi, Dong, Yao, Korean, Bai, Hani, Kazak, Li, Dai, She, Mu, Gelao, Lahu and Dongxiang.

2. The population density of ethnic minority areas is far from that of the coastal Han areas in the mainland. For example, the population density of Xizang Autonomous Region, where ethnic minorities live in compact communities, is only 1.8 people per square kilometer.

(1) Small settlements and large mixed settlements. The minority population is mainly concentrated in the provinces and autonomous regions of southwest, northwest and northeast. Five autonomous regions and 3 autonomous prefectures, 12 autonomous counties (banners) and more than 2 ethnic townships in Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Tibet, Guangxi and Ningxia are places where ethnic minorities live in compact communities. However, there are many Han people living together in these areas, and the proportion is quite high.

(2) It is widely distributed, but mainly concentrated in the western and border areas. There are 11 provinces and autonomous regions with 56 ethnic groups, accounting for 35.5% of the 31 provinces and autonomous regions in China. Although ethnic minorities are widely distributed, their population is still mainly concentrated in the western and border areas. China's land border is more than 2, kilometers long, most of which are ethnic minority areas.

References: Baidu Encyclopedia _ Ethnic Minorities