"Tujia" embroidered shoes
Yesanguan, Badong County, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province is the birthplace of Tujia cloth shoes, and the Tujia people have registered it as a trademark to engage in production and sales , the local Hubei native company is the only legal holder of the "Tujia" trademark, and has organized 1,500 local workers to engage in embroidered cloth shoes. A large number of embroidered cloth shoe techniques have been retained to this day.
Shui tribe embroidered shoes
The Shui tribe calls itself Sui (Sui³amp;sup3;), and is called Shuijia, Shuijiamiao, etc. Its current name, Shui system, was changed from Sui³sup3; Come. The Shui people mainly live in Guizhou's Sandu Shui Autonomous County and Libo, Dushan, Duyun, Kaili and other counties and cities, with a few scattered in Guangxi, Yunnan and other provinces.
The shoe decorations of the Shui people have many unique characteristics with the Miao, Yao, Zhuang, Dong and other ethnic groups in the Yunnan-Guizhou region. They like to wear embroidered shoes with hooks. The production process of aquatic embroidered shoes is very particular. First, cut out the sole model from dried bamboo shoot leaves, then thicken it layer by layer with old cloth to make a thousand-layer sole; then the cut shoe cover is embroidered with flannel, with various patterns. They are made of birds and flowers, sometimes with wool pom-poms on the toes; finally, the upper and bottom are sewn together. Generally speaking, it takes skilled women about 2-3 weeks to make a pair of embroidered shoes, while ordinary women take longer to complete.
The sole is made of cloth, the head part is made of red cloth, and the heel part is made of blue cloth. The toe of the shoe is pointed and turned upward. The upper is first embroidered with silk thread to form a background pattern, and then the horsetail embroidery method is used to curl it into various geometric patterns and inlaid on the upper. The patterns are flowers, clouds and other patterns. The embroidery is exquisite and the workmanship is exquisite. Shui women usually wear them on solemn occasions or when visiting relatives. They are paired with pleated skirts and silver-button tops, making them very elegant and luxurious.
Women’s sandals of the Dong ethnic group
The Dong ethnic group are mainly distributed in Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan and other places. Due to the hot weather in the area, most of the clothes are breathable skirts, leggings, sandals, etc. On display here are the embroidered sandals that are loved by Dong women. The shoes are hand-sewn from cloth and have a cloth sole made of hemp thread. The craftsmanship is very particular. The shape of the shoe is also very unique. There is only an upper at the back, and the toe is connected to the tail with a slender strip of cloth. It is simple and bright, but also strong and durable. Flowers are embroidered on the fine cloth strips, tail panels, etc., and are embellished with metal pieces in between, highlighting the meticulous style of Dong embroidery and expressing the colorful traditional culture of the Dong people. Such shoe accessories are not only cool and practical to wear, but also beautiful and elegant.
Dong embroidered shoes
The Dong people call themselves Geng, Jun or Jin, while the Han people call them Dong family or Dong people. Mainly engaged in rice farming, they are known as the rice nation. What you are seeing are embroidered shoes worn by Dong women. The shoes have a thousand-layer sole made of cotton thread. The toe is a double-beam pointed toe. The entire upper is made of blue cloth and red cloth. On the front of the shoe The upper part is embroidered with abstract geometric patterns and is embellished with sequins in the middle; the heel of the shoe is sewn into a cloud pattern with paddled black cloth.
The "Huitou" embroidered shoes of the Zhuang ethnic group
The "Huitou" embroidered shoes are often worn by women. There is a hook on the toe of the shoe, which looks like a dragon boat. There are two types: heel and no heel. The soles are thicker and mostly made of sandpaper. The stitching methods include straight stitch, drag stitch, mixed stitch, plate stitch, pile embroidery, pressed embroidery, etc. In terms of colors, young people like to use white flowers with bright backgrounds, including garnet red, dark red, cyan, yellow, green and other colors, and the patterns include dragon pattern, double lion rolling ball, butterfly flower, magpie, etc.; the elderly mostly use black, light Red, dark red and other colors, the patterns include clouds, dragons, heaven and earth, lions and beasts, etc. On display here are the Zhuang people's household "turning back" embroidered shoes for women. The toe of the shoe is in the shape of a triangular pyramid, and the tip is in the shape of a "turn back". The upper is made of blue cloth with flower and grass patterns embroidered with yellow, red and green threads. The sole is made of mille-feuille with hemp thread, and the stitching is fine, making it strong and durable.
Hakkas who do not bind their feet
In the Hakka Museum in Ganzhou, Jiangxi, there is a batch of special embroidered shoes that are particularly eye-catching. These embroidered shoes are larger than the traditional three-inch golden lotus standard in the old days. These are the embroidered shoes that Hakka women wear when they get married. Because they never bind their feet, their shoes are very big.
In Chinese history, Hakka women are the only group of Han women who do not have the bad habit of foot binding.
Therefore, most of the head coverings, shoes and socks they need in their lives must be taken care of before they get married, that is, when they become "girls". Naturally, it is difficult to take into account the foot size when wearing such advanced shoes. If shoes are made according to the old traditional method, once the feet become fatter or thinner and the shoes do not fit, the shoes will have to be dismantled and remade. According to the method used by Hakka people today to make shoes, even if they don't fit your feet in the future, you only need to tighten or loosen the hemp thread of the heel without disturbing the upper.
“From the traditional embroidered shoe making of the Hakka people, we can also see how flexible and creative the Hakka people are in inheriting traditional culture. On the basis of inheriting the traditional culture, the Hakka people Then transform and surpass the original old culture and create a new culture with unique personality. This is the Hakka attitude towards the traditional culture of the Han nation, and it is also the fundamental reason why Hakka culture can be unique among the Han culture."
Nowadays, the Sannan (Longnan, Dingnan, Quannan), Xunwu, Anyuan and other places in southern Gansu are located in remote mountainous areas. Not only do they retain a large number of Hakka enclosed houses, but there are also many Hakka houses. Customs and cultural relics, some Hakka women also treasure the embroidered daily necessities worn by themselves when they got married and when their children were young, such as embroidered shoes, embroidered purses, embroidered hats, etc. These embroidery products have unique shapes, exaggerated and deformed patterns, and bright colors.