Procter & Gamble (P & amp； Procter & gamble company; Gamble) is one of the largest consumer goods companies in the world, with nearly 654.38 million employees and factories and branches in more than 80 countries around the world. The products of more than 300 brands it manages sell well 160 countries and regions, including shampoo, hair care, skin care products, cosmetics, baby care products, feminine hygiene products, medicines, foods, beverages, fabrics, home care and so on. In China, P&G's Rejoice, Head & Shoulders, Pan Ting, Shufujia, Olay, Hushubao, Bilang, Tide and Crest have become household names.
William Poquet, a British immigrant, works as a candle maker in Cincinnati, USA. At the same time, Irish immigrant JAMES GAMBLE also learned to make candles in this city. Later, they happened to marry two sisters, and their father-in-law persuaded two son-in-law to become partners. 1April 2, 837, they began to produce and sell soap and candles together. On August 22nd, both parties formally established a cooperative relationship with a capital contribution of US$ 3,596.47, and signed a partnership contract on June 365,438+1October 3rd1to establish Procter & Gamble Company in Cincinnati. Gamble, named after two partners)
The symbol of "stars and the moon represent glory" became an informal trademark of the company in the 1950s of 19. In the 1960s, the signs of stars and the moon appeared on all company products and communication documents. 1859, P&G's annual sales exceeded $1000000 for the first time, and the company's employees increased to 80.
At the beginning of the 20th century, in order to meet the growing domestic market demand, P&G began to set up foreign factories in Cincinnati. 19 15, P&G first established a manufacturing plant in Canada outside the United States. 1930, P&G acquired Thomas hedley co., ltd in England and established its first overseas branch.
By 193 1, P&G has established a special marketing organization, with a group of specialized personnel responsible for the management of a certain brand, but there is competition among brands. This system enables each brand to have an independent marketing strategy, and P&G's brand management system was formally born.
From 65438 to 0933, the radio series Ma Perkins sponsored by Procter & Gamble was broadcast all over the United States, which was very popular, hence the name "soap opera".
1937, Procter & Gamble celebrated its centenary, with annual sales of $230 million.
1946, P&G introduced Tide, which is called "laundry miracle". Tide adopts a new formula, and the washing effect is better than all other products on the market at that time. Excellent washing effect and reasonable price make Tide the first washing powder brand in 1950 America. Its success has accumulated funds for the company to enter new product series and new markets. Since Tide was launched, P&G has developed many new product fields. Crest, the first fluoride toothpaste, was certified by the American Dental Association for the first time and soon became a leading toothpaste brand. The company's pulp manufacturing technology has promoted the development of paper products such as paper towels. Procter & Gamble invented disposable baby diapers, and Pampers was launched in 196 1 year. The original business strength of the company has been continuously strengthened, and at the same time, it has begun to enter the food and beverage market-the most important measure is to acquire folger Coffee with 196 1, and launch the first clothing softener-Downy. In order to expand its global business, P&G began to set up branches in Mexico, Europe and Japan. By 1980, Procter & Gamble has started business in 23 countries around the world, with sales reaching 1 1 billion dollars, and the profit ratio increased by 35 times 1945.
From 65438 to 0980, P&G has developed into one of the largest multinational companies in the United States. Through the acquisition of Norwich Eaton Pharmaceutical Company (1982) and Richardson-Vickers Company (1985), the company is active in personal health care industry; By acquiring Noxell, Max Factor and Ellen Betrix in the late 1980s and early 1990s, P&G played an important role in cosmetics and perfume industry. These acquisitions have also accelerated the globalization of P&G. In order to give full play to the advantages of multinational companies, P&G has established a global R&D network with research centers all over the United States, Europe, Japan, Latin America and other places. Procter & Gamble's Pampers, Hushubao, Pan Ting, Tide, Bilang, Crest, Vexcor and Olay have become world-famous brands, and they are outstanding in the market.
In 200 1 year, Procter & Gamble acquired Icarus series, a leading global brand of hair dyeing and care, from Squibb. In 2003, P&G acquired Weiner Company of Germany.
From 65438 to 0988, P&G established its first joint venture in China-Guangzhou P&G Co., Ltd., and began the process of P&G's investment in China market. At present, Procter & Gamble has set up more than a dozen joint ventures and wholly-owned enterprises in Guangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and Tianjin. The total investment of P&G in China has exceeded US$ 6,543.8 billion, with about 4,000 employees.
P&G currently sells products in China: Rejoice, Pan Ting, Head & Shoulders, Sassoon shampoo and hair care series, Shufujia soap, Olay soap, Shufujia shower gel, Olay shower gel, refreshing soap, refreshing shower gel, Olay skin care series, SKII, Hushubao sanitary napkins, Crest toothpaste, Crest toothbrush, Bilang, Tide washing powder and Pampers.
The current chairman and CEO of Procter & Gamble is A.G. Lafley, headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. At present, P&G has thirteen brands, with annual sales exceeding $654.38 billion. In the fiscal year of 2002-2003, Procter & Gamble's annual sales reached 43.4 billion US dollars, ranking 86th among Fortune 500 companies in 2003.