the name of Shandong first appeared in the warring States period. at that time, the Qin people in Guanzhong called the area east of Xiaoshan or Huashan as Shandong, and sometimes it also referred to the territory of six countries other than Qin. By the Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, the vast area of the Yellow River basin east of Taihang Mountain was called Shandong. By the end of the Tang Dynasty, some people used Shandong to refer to the land of Qilu. In the Jin Dynasty, Shandong East Road and Shandong West Road were set up, and Shandong really became the name of the administrative region. In the early Ming Dynasty, Shandong Province was established, and later it was renamed as Chief Secretary of Shandong Chengxuan. In the early years of Qing Dynasty, Shandong Province was established, and "Shandong" officially became the proper name of this province.

Jinan is named because it is located in the south of Guji Water. Jinan County was located in the Western Han Dynasty, and its capital was located in Dongping Lingcheng (now northwest of Zhangqiu), and the name of Jinan began to appear. At the end of Yongjia in the Western Jin Dynasty, the capital of Jinan was moved from Dongping Mausoleum to Licheng, and Jinan began to build a city and set up a government. Since then, Jinan city has become the administrative center of states, governments, highways and provinces in past dynasties, and developed into a metropolis in Haidai area. In February 1994, it was identified as a sub-provincial city.

Qingdao is named after its numerous trees and evergreen seasons. Originally a fishing village. In 1891, the Qing government decided to fortify Jiaoao (Qingdao), which was the beginning of the establishment of Qingdao. In November 1897, Germany occupied Qingdao. And began the overall urban planning, so that the urban form began to take shape. In 1899, the Kaiser named the new area of Jiaoao concession (now part of Shinan District and Shibei District) Qingdao. In February 1994, it was identified as a sub-provincial city.

Zibo is named after Linzi and Boshan. In August, 1945, Zibo Special Zone was established, with its Commissioner's Office under the jurisdiction of Luzhong Administrative Region, which was the beginning of Zibo becoming the name of the administrative region. Later, the division and name were changed several times. By January 1961, Zibo and Huimin were separated, and the municipal authorities were moved from Boshan District to Zhangdian District.

Zaozhuang is named after many jujube trees. As early as the Tang and Song Dynasties, villages had been formed. Founded in 1918, Zaozhuang office (county level) was set up in Zaozhuang town in 1948, and Yixian county belonged to the fifth district of Lunan administrative region. In September 1958, the organ of Yixian county moved to Zaozhuang town. In 196, Yi County was abolished and Zaozhuang City was established at the county level. In September 1961, it was changed to a prefecture-level city.

Dongying, named after Emperor Taizong, once camped here and set up Dongying and Xiying. Ming Hongwu built the village. In April, 1961, North China Petroleum Exploration Office drilled the first exploration well near Dongying Village, and obtained 8.1 tons of industrial oil flow per day. A mining town composed of battle headquarters, some secondary units, organs and logistics units has gradually formed in Dongying Village, which is called "base". In March, 1965, Huimin prefectural committee decided to set up county-level working organizations-Dongying Working Committee and Dongying Office in Huimin District. A prefecture-level city was established in 1983.

Weifang is named after Weixian County and Fangzi District. In 1948, Weixian City and Fangzi Mining Area were located in Weifang Special City, which was named after each initial. The name of Weifang is first seen. In 1949, it was changed to Weifang City, which was revoked in 195 and rebuilt at the county level in 1951. In 1983, it was changed to a prefecture-level city.

Yantai is named after the beacon tower of Mingqi Mountain. Originally a fishing village. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent pirates from invading the superior, a wolf smoke pier was set up in Zhifu, also known as "Wolf Yantai", hence the name Yantai. In the early Qing Dynasty, a certain scale of residential areas had been formed. In May 1861, the Qing government approved Yantai as a trading port and established the East Customs. In February, 1862, Deng Laiqing's garrison road was moved from Laizhou to Yantai, and Daotai Chongfang also served as the supervisor of the East Customs. The establishment of Yantai began. In 1983, a prefecture-level city was established.

Weihai, which means "Great East China Sea". During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the invasion of Japanese pirates, ahava was set up, which means "a sublime sea border". During Yongle period, Weihai Acropolis was built for the beginning of urban construction, and ahava gradually evolved from a city without defense to a coastal defense town. Leased by the British in 1898, it was closed to the outside world in 1951. In 1987, it was promoted to a prefecture-level city.

Jining, named after being the best place to save water. Ancient Jeju was ruled by Juye. In 115, Juye was flooded and moved to Rencheng (now Jining) in Jeju. Yuan promoted Jeju to be the government, and because of its high terrain, it was not harmed by flooding and won the peace of saving water, so it was named "Jining House". The name of Jining is first seen. In 1983, it was changed to a prefecture-level city.

tai' an, which means "peaceful country and peaceful people". In ancient times, it was Daiyue Town. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Taizu issued a letter and moved the county site and the meditation center to Daiyue Town. Jin bought the Tai 'an Army, which means "Mount Tai is safe in all countries", that is, "peaceful country and peaceful people". The first time I saw the name of Taian. Jinan fell in 1928 and was once the provincial capital. In 1985, it was changed to a prefecture-level city.

Rizhao is named after the first light at sunrise. Rizhao Town, located in Song Dynasty, belongs to Juxian County, which means "the light shines first at sunrise", and the name of Rizhao began to be seen. Jinsheng Rizhao Town is a county, still named Rizhao. In 1985, it was promoted to a prefecture-level city.

Laiwu is named after the mixed residence of Lai and Mou nationalities (to be verified). In the early Han Dynasty, Laiwu County was located in the north of Yuanshan Mountain, and the county was ruled in Gaozhuang, Zichuan District, Zibo City. Since then, it has been removed or placed, or analyzed or combined, and it has moved to Laicheng since the Jin Dynasty. Since then, the border city has been basically stable. In 1992, it was upgraded to a prefecture-level city.

Linyi is named after yi river. Linyi County was established in Sui Dynasty, originally called Linyi, and was named after yi river in China. Qing Dynasty was promoted to Yizhou Prefecture, and Lanshan County was established. During the Republic of China, Yizhou Prefecture was revoked and Lanshan County was changed to Linyi County. In 1994, it was changed to a prefecture-level city.

Dezhou is named after Deshui (Yellow River). Qin changed the Yellow River into Deshui. Han set up Ande County in Jinling County, which was renamed Dezhou in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Ming moved Texas to this place and set up Dezhou Wei. The Republic of China was changed to Dexian County. In 1946, Chengguan District of Xide County was located in Dezhou City, and in 1994 it was changed to a prefecture-level city.

Liaocheng is named after chatting with the river in ancient times. In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was once called Liaocheng City (now northwest of the city). Qin is located in Liaocheng County. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Pingyuan Town (today's city) was built in the east of the county. Sui abandoned the town and moved Pingyuan County and Liaocheng County here. In 1952, it was transferred from Pingyuan Province to Shandong Province, and in 1997 it was changed to a prefecture-level city.

Binzhou, named after its proximity to the Bohai Sea. The Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties replaced the county system, and the Bohai County was changed to Binzhou in the later Zhou Dynasty. It is named after the Bohai Sea to the east, and the name of Binzhou is first seen. The Republic of China was changed to Binxian County. In 1982, Beizhen and Boxing were separated and part of them were located in Binzhou City at the county level, which was named after Gubinzhou. In 2, it was changed to a prefecture-level city.

Heze is named after the natural ancient ze. It is a natural lake that connects the two major water systems, Guji and Si. In Qing Dynasty, Cao Zhou was promoted to the state government, with Guo County attached, and was named Heze. The name of Heze was first seen. In 1952, it was transferred from Pingyuan Province to Shandong Province, and it was changed to a prefecture-level city in 2.