What are the woolen fabrics?

What are the woolen fabrics? Woolen fabrics are divided into many types, and woolen fabrics are a kind of woolen fabrics, generally divided into pure woolen fabrics. , wool blended fabrics and synthetic wool-like fabrics. Let’s take a look at the woolen fabrics and related information. What are the woolen fabrics 1

1. Sheep wool

The sweaters, woolen fabrics, felts, etc. that people use most daily are mainly sheep wool that grows densely on sheep. In the knitting industry, since sheep wool is used in the largest amount, "wool" has become the abbreviation of sheep wool.

The countries with the largest sheep wool production in the world are Australia, the CIS, New Zealand, Argentina and China. The count and grade of wool are the basis for evaluating the grade and quality of wool. The higher the count, the better the quality. The higher the grade, the worse the quality.

Among sheep wool, "Australian wool" has always been admired by people. It belongs to Merino sheep and is produced in Australia, hence its name. Its wool fiber is thin and long, making it the best breed of sheep. Others such as New Zealand, South America, European countries, the Southern Alps, etc. are raised and enjoy a high reputation in the world.

Shenandoah is also a common variety. Shenandoah wool was originally called Shetland wool and was named after it was produced in the Shetland Islands of Scotland, England. Since Shenandoah wool is mainly downy and mixed with a lot of coarse hair and velvet hair, this natural mixture of thickness forms the unique characteristics of Shenandoah wool fabric, which is plump and fluffy, soft but not delicate, with good luster and elasticity. Has a rugged style. However, due to the small output of Shenandoah wool,

the supply exceeds demand, so most of the so-called "Shenandoah sweaters" sold on the market are made of New Zealand's semi-fine wool. There are also some sweaters called "Shenandoah wool", which sell for less than a hundred yuan or even tens of yuan each. They are actually products imitating Shenandoah wool style. Some "Shenandoah wool" are made from various miscellaneous wools. It can only make thick yarn, and the price is relatively cheap.

There is also lambswool, which is popular with consumers because of its low price. It is actually lambswool, which has a thicker feel and is often made into wool.

2. Goat hair

Goat hair refers to the coarse and dead hair cut from goat hair. Generally speaking, the fine hairs on goat hair are very short and cannot be spun, and the coarse hair can only be used to make brushes, brushes, etc., with the exception of mohair. Mohair is Angora goat hair, produced in the Angola Province of Turkey.

In North America and South Asia, it is a high-quality wool fiber with a smooth surface, rarely curled, long and thick, and has a silky softness. It has strong luster, excellent resilience, wear resistance and high strength. It is an ideal raw material for weaving jacquard blankets, plush, smooth wool coats, artificial fur and other high-end fabrics.

The mohair sweater hand-knitted with thick stick needles is covered with soft silky mist-like fibers, forming a noble, lively and rugged clothing style that is deeply loved by people. The Zhongwei goat hair in northwest my country also belongs to the mohair category. However, in the market, some people sell fluffy-style acrylic bulked yarn as "mohair", causing misunderstanding. Such acrylic bulked yarn can only be called "imitation mohair" at best.

3. Alpaca wool

Alpaca wool (ALPACA), also known as "alpaca wool", has fibers up to 20-40 cm long, and is available in white, brown, gray, black, etc. Color, because 90% is produced in Peru, it is also called "Peruvian wool". It has two varieties, one with curly fibers and a silver luster, and the other with straight fibers, less curl and a luster similar to mohair. They are often blended with other fibers and used as high-quality materials for making high-end clothing. Most of the camel wool currently on the market is products from Eastern Europe.

4. Rabbit fur

Rabbit fur is loved by people for its lightness, fineness, softness, strong warmth retention and low price. It is composed of soft down and coarse hair, mainly including ordinary rabbit and Angora rabbit hair, with the latter having the best quality. The difference between rabbit hair and wool is that the fibers are slender and the surface is particularly smooth and easy to identify. Because rabbit hair has low strength and is difficult to spin alone, it is often blended with wool or other fibers to make knitwear and clothing fabrics such as women's tweed and coats.

Identification of the components of clothing fabrics:

The simple method to identify the components of clothing fabrics is the combustion method.

The method is to pull out a strand of cloth containing warp and weft from the seam of the garment, ignite it with fire, observe the state of the burning flame, smell the smell of the burning cloth, and look at the residue after burning, so as to judge whether it is the same as the other. Check whether the fabric ingredients marked on the clothing durability label match to identify the authenticity of the fabric ingredients. What are the woolen fabrics 2

Types and characteristics of wool fabrics How to identify wool fabrics

Generally speaking, wool fabrics are generally divided into pure wool fabrics, wool blended fabrics and chemical fiber imitation wool fabric. Its main characteristics are as follows:

Pure wool fabric

(1) Pure wool worsted fabric

Most of them are thin in texture, smooth in texture and clear in texture. The luster is natural, soft and beautiful. The body is straight, soft and elastic to the touch. If you hold the fabric tightly and then release it, there will be basically no wrinkles. Even if there are slight creases, they will disappear in a short time.

(2) Pure wool woolen fabrics

Most of them are thick in texture, plump in texture, soft in color and light enough. Woolen and suede surfaces do not reveal the texture. The grain texture is clear and rich. It feels gentle, stiff and elastic.

Wool blended fabrics

(1) Wool and polyester blended fabrics

There are shiny spots on the surface under the sun, lacking pure wool fabrics Soft smoothness. Wool-polyester (polyester-wool) fabrics are stiff but have a stiff feel, which becomes more pronounced as the polyester content increases. The elasticity is better than pure wool fabrics, but the feel is not as good as pure wool and woolen blended fabrics. When you hold the fabric tightly and then release it, there will be almost no creases.

(2) Wool and viscose blended fabrics

The luster is dull. The worsted type has a softer feel, while the woolen type has a loose feel. The elasticity and stiffness of this type of fabric are not as good as pure wool and wool-polyester, wool-polyester blended fabrics. If the viscose content is high, the fabric will wrinkle easily.

Purified fiber wool-like fabrics

Wool-like fabrics made from traditional viscose and artificial wool fibers have dull luster, weak feel, and lack of crispness. Due to its poor elasticity, it is prone to wrinkles and does not fade easily. The strength of the yarn extracted from the fabric after being wetted with water is significantly lower than that in the dry state. This is an effective method to identify viscose fabrics. In addition, this kind of wool-like fabric becomes hard and thick after being soaked. With the advancement of science and technology, wool-like products have also improved in color, feel, and durability.

How to identify genuine and fake wool fabrics based on basic information?

1. Read the trademark clearly. If it is pure wool, it should have the five contents of the pure wool mark ioruw6e; if it is a blended product, it should have the wool content mark; otherwise, it can be considered a fake.

2. Check the texture. Real woolen sweaters are soft, elastic, wrinkle-free, feel good, and have good warmth retention properties; fake woolen sweaters have poor texture, elasticity, feel, and warmth retention properties. .

3. Burning test: Real wool contains a lot of protein. Take a few fibers from the clothes and light them. Smell the smell and look at the ashes. If there is the smell of burnt feathers, crush the ashes with your fingers. It is pure wool; if there is no smell of burnt feathers and the ashes do not crush or clump, it is a synthetic fabric.

4. Friction and static electricity inspection: Rub the clothes to be inspected against each other on a pure cotton shirt for about 5 minutes, and then quickly separate from each other. If there is no "pop" sound, it is a real woolen sweater; if there is a "pop" sound, it is a real woolen sweater; If there is a "pop" sound or even static sparks, it is chemical fiber fabric and a fake woolen sweater. What are the 3 types of woolen fabrics

Types and characteristics of wool fiber fabrics

1. Worsted woolen fabrics

Worsted woolen fabrics are woven from combed wool yarn. Also known as combed wool fiber fabric, the wool used is of high quality. This kind of worsted woolen fabric has a smooth surface, clear texture, soft hand feel, elasticity, flatness and stiffness, and is strong and durable. Generally, the fabric is relatively light and thin, suitable for making spring, autumn and summer clothing.

1. Gabardine Gabardine, also known as Gabietin or Xinhua, is a thick twill fabric. 2/2 twill weave is often used, 2/1 twill weave is used for light and thin textures, and satin back weave is used for heavy textures. Gabardine has a smooth and smooth surface, thick and tight body, smooth feel, elasticity and good wear resistance.

2. Serge Serge uses 2/2 twill weave. According to the raw materials used and product specifications, serge is divided into medium-thick serge and thin serge, smooth serge and matte serge. Smooth serge is smooth and flat, with clear lines; matte serge is lightly milled, with plush covering the surface, with a soft luster and a smooth and waxy feel.

3. Fanlitin Fanlitin, also known as thin woolen fabric, is a light and thin plain wool fiber fabric. Its characteristics are that the yarn is thinner, the twist is larger, and the warp and weft density is smaller. Fanli Ding is smooth and smooth, with clear texture, light and breathable, elastic and full of fat.

4. Palis. Palis is a light and thin plain wool fiber fabric woven from mixed-color wool yarn. The light-colored base is dotted with criss-crossing and faint dark thin lines. Palis has a smooth surface, light texture, flat and smooth texture.

5. What kind of flannel is also called worsted flannel or spring and autumn flannel. It is woven from fine wool with higher quality. 2/2 twill weave is often used. The fabric density is moderate. It is generally lightly milled and covered with uniform short fluff. What flavor is it? The surface is flat, the shading diagonal strips are faintly visible, and it feels plump and elastic.

6. Women's clothing. Women's clothing is a loose-structured woolen fabric in worsted woolen fabrics. It mostly uses plain weave and twill weave, and also has jacquard weave. The texture of women's clothing is fine, clean and soft, with clear texture and soft and elastic feel.

7. Tweed Tweed is the general name for fancy wool fiber fabrics. It is the variety with the greatest variety and the most colors among worsted woolen fabrics. Tweed warp and weft yarns are commonly made of different types of yarns and various tissues to weave colorful patterns and colors.

8. Tribute Tribute is a higher-grade fabric among worsted woolens and is a medium-thick satin weave. Tribute is a denser variety of worsted wool. It has a flat and smooth surface, clear texture, thick texture and good drape.

9. Camel Silk Brocade Camel Silk Brocade is woven with finer yarns, with high warp and weft densities, and is mostly made of satin weave. The surface is discontinuous striped twill, and the recesses between the diagonal lines are narrow. Thin, the back is like a plain grain, the surface is flat, the texture is fine, the hand feels smooth, tight and elastic.

10. Breeches. Breeches are a heavier variety of worsted wool. They were originally mainly used to make breeches for knights, hence the name. The warp density is nearly twice as large as the weft density, so the texture is thick, elastic, rough twill, warm, and durable.

11. Chocolat, also known as Roosevelt, is a worsted woolen variety between gabardine and breeches. Chocolat uses better quality and finer wool as its raw material. Its texture is tight and smooth, its surface is flat and crisp, and its stripes are clear and convex.

12. Flag yarn The density of flag yarn is relatively thin, and it is a flat tissue with a thin body.

2. Woolen woolen cloth

Woolen woolen cloth is mostly woven with wool yarn. The yarn used is thick and the evenness is poor. The fabric is generally milled and raised to form a dense and plump layer of fluff, so the fabric is soft, thick, and has good warmth retention. It is mostly used in autumn and winter clothing fabrics. There are many types of woolen woolen fabrics. According to different fabric styles and characteristics, they are divided into three categories: woolen surface, suede surface and textured surface. Woolen products have a plump feel and a tight and thick texture; suede products are covered with plush, the texture is not exposed, and have strong warmth retention; textured products are mostly made of yarn-dyed fabrics, with a rough style and rich colors. The main varieties of woolen woolen fabrics are as follows.

1. Melton Melton is a better-quality woolen woolen variety. It mostly uses 2/2 twill weave, and plain weave is also used. After heavy milling treatment, both the front and back sides show fine and smooth pile, without revealing the bottom lines. The fabric surface is plump, the texture is tight, the body is strong, elastic, wear-resistant, lint-free and wrinkle-resistant.

2. Navy woven cloth is named after it is mostly used as navy uniforms. It is generally made of better raw materials mixed with a small amount of short hair, and is woven with a 2/2 reinforced twill weave. The appearance is similar to Melton Similar, the feel and body are slightly worse than Melton. Navy cloth has a tight texture, a plump and flat surface, and a crisp and elastic feel.

3. Uniform cloth Uniform cloth is a popular variety among woolen cloths. The wool used is of lower quality and is generally woven with 2/2 twill or broken twill weave. Uniform baize has a thick texture and good warmth retention. It has been milled and raised. The surface of the baize has uniform plush, but it is relatively rough. The feel is not as plump and tight as Melton and navy baize, and the textured bottom is vaguely visible.

4. Dazhong. Dazhong is a fabric made of a blend of fine combed short hair and recycled wool.

Generally, 2/2 twill or 3/1 broken twill weave is used, and it is also milled. The appearance of the fabric is similar to that of blended Melton. The fabric is smooth, fine and clean, feels tight and elastic, and basically does not pill or reveal the bottom.

5. Coat Coat is a variety of woolen woolen fabrics with more specifications. It is a thick fabric and is suitable for making winter coats. Coats are made of different grades of wool. They are generally milled or raised and have rich texture and strong warmth retention.

6. Flannel Flannel is a fulling variety of woolen woolen fabrics dyed with mixed colors. Most of them use twill weave, but there are also plain weave. In addition to whole wool, the raw materials used are generally wool-viscosity blends. The surface of flannel is covered with fluff, with semi-exposed texture, plump and delicate, evenly mixed colors, soft and elastic to the touch, and good in warmth retention.

7. Women's cloth, also known as women's cloth and women's cloth, is a high-grade fabric in woolen cloth. There are many varieties. According to the appearance characteristics of the cloth, it can be divided into ordinary women's cloth, stand-up cloth. Velvet women's cloth, smooth wool women's cloth and loose structure women's cloth, etc. Women's tweed has the characteristics of thick body, soft touch, good warmth retention and various appearance styles.

8. Tweed Tweed generally uses two or more solid-color yarns, mixed-color yarns, plied color threads, fancy threads and various pattern tissues to weave herringbone, plaid, Unique styles of patterns such as stripes, star dots, and jacquards. The raw materials are mainly medium and low-grade wool, wool viscose polyester blends or wool viscose nitrile blends. Tweed can be divided into three types according to the appearance style of tweed surface, textured surface and suede surface. The surface of the tweed has short velvet, slightly exposed texture, and the texture is tight and thick; the surface of the textured tweed has clear patterns, uniform texture, and a relatively elastic body. The surface of suede tweed is covered with velvet, which is neat and soft to the touch.

3. Plush

Plush, commonly known as Hyperion or sea tiger velvet, is a long pile fabric with raised warp yarns. Plush has a smooth suede surface, upright piles, soft and fluffy feel, high elasticity, thick texture and strong warmth retention. The main varieties are plain color, floral and printed.

4. Camel velvet

Camel velvet, referred to as camel velvet, is a knitted brushed fabric with cotton yarn as the base fabric and woolen wool yarn as the suede. The main varieties of camel hair are as follows.

1. Meisu camel hair is made of third- and fourth-grade wool, which is interwoven with one wool yarn and four cotton yarns. The wool content is 46% to 50%, and the suede surface is single. color.

2. Floral camel velvet Floral camel velvet is made of fourth-grade domestic regenerated hair. The wool content is about 48%. The suede is filled with white or colored flowers.

3. Sliver Camel Velvet Sliver Camel Velvet is spun from third- and fourth-grade wool, with a wool content of 65%. Wool yarns of different colors are arranged at certain intervals to form striped patterns, including water waves, diamonds, and grids. Waiting for patterns.

Camel hair has a soft texture, thick hand feel, plump suede, elasticity, good warmth retention and comfortable wearing.