Various information about horses
Horses are herbivorous livestock. Tamed by humans 4 years ago. In ancient times, horses were the main driving force of agricultural production, transportation and military activities. With the development of productivity, the improvement of science and technology, the invention and wide application of power machinery, horses play less and less roles in real life. Horses are mainly used for equestrian sports and the production of milk meat, and the feeding quantity is greatly reduced. However, in some developing countries and regions, horses are still mainly used for service and are an important source of service power. Chinese name: horse foreign name: horse nomenclature: Equuscaballus kingdom: Animal kingdom: Chordata subfamily: Vertebrate class: Mammalian subclass: Animalia: Odontopodidae: Equus: Equus [hidden] Distribution range of wood carving horse's shape characteristics Living environment Living habits The smell of horses The sense of smell of horses The way of sleeping is noticed and safe. The evolution of horses Dawanma Mongolian horses Kazakh horses Hequ horses Southwest horses Sanhema Ilima Shandan horses DutchWarmblood Dutchwarmbread Bobo horses BarborBerber origin and domestication of bloody horses Chinese characters: The culture of horses is another name for horses. Idioms of horses, Proverbs The Origin of Horse Surname, the Distribution of Horse Surname, the Migration of Horse Surname Celebrity Pegasus Chess Horse Official Name Woodcarving Horse Appearance Characteristics Distribution Range Living Environment Living Habits The Smell of Horses The Hearing of Horses Sleeping Ways, Precautions and Safety Issues of Horses' Evolution Dawanma Mongolian Horses Kazakh Horses Hequ Horses Southwest Horses Three Horses Ilima Shandanma DutchWarmblood Dutchwarmbird Bobber origin and blood horse Barborber. Domesticated Chinese characters: horse's culture, horse's nickname, horse's idiom, horse's proverb, horse's poem, the origin of horse's surname, the distribution of horse's surname, the migration of horse's surname, the celebrity Pegasus chess horse's official name
[ Edit this paragraph] Wood carving horse's wood carving horse is carved by senior technicians purely by hand, and it is created flexibly without any auxiliary mechanical equipment. Three-dimensional round carving is the imitation of real animal carving. Its image is lifelike, lively, exquisite in workmanship, novel and unique, integrating artistry and commerciality, and it has great ornamental value and retention value. It is the best gift of new trend handicrafts, and it is also a distinctive tourist souvenir handicraft, craft appreciation and collection. Wood carving horse
specification: 4*8*24cm
material: basswood and birch are the main materials.
uses: business gifts, the Chinese zodiac, birthday gifts, holiday supplies, etc.
Production method: handmade
Brand: Yibo
Object type: woodcarving handicraft ornaments
Processing technology: three-dimensional round carving [edit this paragraph] Appearance characteristics There are great differences in the physical size of horses of different breeds. The heavy variety weighs 12 kg and is 2 cm high. Small breeds weigh less than 2 kilograms and are only 95 centimeters tall. The so-called pocket pony is only 6 centimeters tall. The head is straight and long, and the ears are short. The limbs are long, the bones are solid, the tendons and ligaments are well developed, and the cicada with the vestiges of palm and pillow has hard hoof and can run quickly on the hard ground. The coat color is complex, and it is mostly Zhuan, Chestnut, Blue and Black. Take off the quilt in spring and autumn. The well-developed sweat glands are conducive to regulating body temperature, not afraid of cold and heat, and easy to adapt to the new environment. The chest is deep and wide, and the heart and lungs are developed, which is suitable for running and intense labor. Esophageal stricture, monogastric and large intestine, especially cecum, are extremely developed, which is helpful to digest and absorb roughage. No gallbladder, well-developed bile duct. The teeth have strong chewing ability, and the gap between the incisors and molars is called the bite part, which is used to put the bite body when clamping for driving. Age can be determined according to the number, shape and wear degree of teeth, and the hearing and smell are keen. The distance between eyes is large, and the overlapping part of visual field is only 3%, so the judgment of distance is poor; At the same time, the eye's focal length adjustment ability is weak, and it can only form a blurred image for objects 5 meters away, but it can well distinguish its shape and color for close objects, and only this animal can distinguish its color. The head and neck are flexible, and the visible surface of both eyes reaches 33 ~ 36. There is a photographic film on the outer layer of the fundus retina, which has strong sensitivity and can see the surrounding objects at night. Horses are easy to train. Through the sense organs such as hearing, smelling and seeing, a firm memory can be formed. The average life span is 3 ~ 35 years old, and the longest can reach more than 6 years old. The service age is 3 ~ 15 years old, and some can reach 2 years old. [Edit this paragraph] It is widely distributed all over the world. It originated in the grasslands of Central Asia. It was domesticated by humans more than 4, years ago and was brought to America and Australia by colonists after the 15th century. [Edit this paragraph] Living environment The ancestor of the horse first lived in the forests of North America, feeding on young leaves. When it evolved into the Miocene, there was an ancient horse in the grassland, and it turned into grassland life. Since then, the horse began to feed on hay and live on the grassland. [Edit this paragraph] Living habits The sense of smell of the horse < P > The sense of smell of the horse is very developed, and it is an organ with very strong information perception ability, which makes it easy to be unaware by hearing or other sensory organs. The perfect combination of developed sense of smell, sensitive hearing and quick and agile movements is the success of horse evolution for thousands of years, and it is also the main physiological feature of horse's contribution to mankind.
introduction of horse
Equuscaballus is a herbivore of Equus. Tamed by humans 4 years ago. Platts wild horses and domestic horses can cross and have fertile offspring.
in ancient times, horses were the main driving force for agricultural production, transportation and military activities. There are about 2 kinds of horses in the world.
With the development of productivity, the improvement of science and technology and the invention and wide application of power machinery, the role of horses in real life is becoming less and less. Horses are mainly used for equestrian sports and the production of milk meat, and the feeding quantity is greatly reduced. However, in some developing countries and regions, horses are still mainly used for service and are an important source of service power.
widely distributed all over the world, it originated in the grasslands of Central Asia, and was domesticated by humans more than 6, years ago. The earliest horse domestication site was found in the grasslands of Ukraine, and it was not brought to America and Australia by European colonists until the 15th century.
Appearance characteristics
There are great differences in the physical size of different breeds of horses. The heavy variety weighs 12 kg and is 2 cm high. Small breeds weigh less than 2 kilograms and are only 95 centimeters tall. The so-called pony is only 6 centimeters tall.
the head is straight and long, and the ears are short. The limbs are long, the bones are solid, the tendons and ligaments are well developed, and the cicada with the vestiges of palm and pillow has hard hoof and can run quickly on the hard ground. The coat color is complex, and it is mostly brown, blue and black. The fur is changed once in spring and once in autumn.
The well-developed sweat glands are conducive to regulating body temperature, and are not afraid of cold and heat, and are easy to adapt to the new environment. The chest is deep and wide, and the heart and lungs are developed, which is suitable for running and intense labor. Esophageal stricture, monogastric and large intestine, especially cecum, are extremely developed, which is helpful to digest and absorb roughage. No gallbladder, well-developed bile duct.
teeth have strong chewing ability, and the gap between incisors and molars is called the receiving part. When saddle-mounting, put the bit body for driving. Age can be determined according to the number, shape and wear degree of teeth, and the hearing and smell are keen. The distance between eyes is large, < P > the overlapping part of visual field is only 3%, so the judgment of distance is poor; At the same time, the focus adjustment of the eye is weak, and it can only form a blurred image for objects 5 meters away, but it can well distinguish the shape of objects at close range. The head and neck are flexible, and the visible surface of both eyes reaches 33 ~ 36. There is a photographic film on the outer layer of the fundus retina, which has strong sensitivity and can see the surrounding objects at night. The horse sleeps standing up.
Extended information:
Culture
1. Zodiac
ranks seventh among the traditional zodiac signs in China, and the corresponding earthly branch is noon.
2. Surname
Ma surname is one of the common Chinese surnames. In addition to the Han nationality, there are many people named Ma in other ethnic groups. Ma surname is one of the most popular surnames of the Hui nationality, which is derived from the sinicization of Muhammad's surname. Almost all Hui people in Yunnan are surnamed Ma.
3. The art of drawing horses
Horses have always been regarded as a combination of strength and beauty, not only for riding or carrying loads, but also for Arabs, who regard horses as a gift from God and deserve people's worship and love. The art of painting horses is enduring and enduring.
4. Trademarks or signs
The factory emblems of famous sports cars, such as Ferrari and Porsche, are leaping horses. The Ford Mustang sports car launched by Ford Motor Company is a running horse.
5. Legendary famous horses
Red Rabbit Horse, Luma Horse, Jueying, Claw Huang Feidian, Pine Wind, Bai Longma, and Six Horses of Zhaoling
6. Decorations
Tang Sancai often take "horse" as the shape.
The horse has the meaning of "taking the lead" and "galloping freely", and is regarded as a symbol of fame and career advancement, and is often used as the decoration of entrepreneurs' offices.
The word "horse" means "immediately", so people often use homophonic collocation to make decorations, such as "win immediately" with flies on horseback and "have money immediately" with money on horseback, which are often used as decorations in shops and cash registers.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Horse
Horse Information
It is understood that there are three thoroughbred horses in the world today: bloody horses, Arabian horses and English horses. Among them, the bloody horse is the purest breed, and both Arabian and British horses have the bloodline and genes of bloody horses.
The "bloody horse" is an ancient world famous horse. Because the sweat flowing from its neck is red, it is as bright as blood, so it is called in Chinese history books.
Chinese horse history experts believe that the bloody horse is actually the Akhal Jiejinma, which is still running in Turkmenistan. According to the records, Akhal Jiejinma, known as the "bloody BMW", is one of the oldest horse breeds in the world. It has been domesticated for more than 3, years, and it is the oldest horse breed in artificial breeding. Its ancestor is a wild horse growing in a remote desert Gobi area. It is understood that this kind of horse only needs 1 minute and 7 seconds to run 1 meters on the flat ground, and the speed is amazing. Akhal Jiejinma is also a national treasure of Turkmenistan, and its image is drawn in the center of the national emblem.
It is understood that there are three kinds of thoroughbred horses in the world today: bloody horses, Arabian horses and English horses. Among them, the bloody horse is the purest breed, and both Arabian and British horses have the bloodline and genes of bloody horses.
A sweaty horse is about 1.5 meters tall, generally mature at the age of 3, gives birth at the age of 5, and is pregnant for 11 months, giving birth to one baby a year. This kind of horse is thirsty and only needs to drink water once a day at a high temperature of 5 degrees Celsius, which is suitable for long-distance trekking in the desert. More importantly, bloody horses have excellent endurance. In 1998, in a 6-day race with a distance of 3,2 kilometers, 54 bloody horses made it to the finish line.
According to Chinese historical records, during the Western Han Dynasty, when Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions, he found a BMW that was as bright as blood, and the news came back to Chang 'an, which immediately caused a sensation. Since then, Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty has successively collected Dawan in the Western Region, and obtained this bloody BMW from Dawan State, and praised it as "Tianma" in poetry. The bloody BMW has since become famous in China. It is said that it is also the mount of Genghis Khan.
Blood-stained horses have thrived since ancient times, and their veins have never been broken. At present, there are Akhal Jiejinma horses in Turkmenistan, Russia, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, with a total number of about 3, horses, of which more than 2, horses are in Turkmenistan.
The bloody horse has a full and graceful figure, a thin head and a high neck, slender limbs, thin and capillary skin, lightness and flexibility, unique elegant pace, light and graceful figure, and a curved and high neck, which outlines the perfect figure curve of this horse. According to experts' research, the mighty and fierce bronze galloping horse unearthed in Leitai, Wuwei, Gansu, China was created according to the image of a bloody horse introduced into China from the western regions. This bronze galloping horse, named by Mr. Guo Moruo as "stepping on a swallow", has reached the highest standard of horse-gazing in "Qi Ming Yao Shu". Flying with one hoof and three feet in the air, the momentum is amazing, flying lightly, combining beauty, strength and speed, and achieving a perfect situation.
experts in the history of horses in Central Asia have confirmed that Akhal Jiejinma, known as the "bloody horse" by China, has been regarded as the most beautiful animal since ancient times, and its portraits often appear in various archaeological relics in Central Asia. Even on the murals and utensils discovered in BC, there is a beautiful figure of Akhal Jiejinma.
Information about horses
Classification of horses
Realm: Animal kingdom
phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Equidae
Genus: Widely distributed in all parts of the world, it originated in the grasslands of Central Asia. It was domesticated by humans more than 4, years ago and was brought to America and Australia by colonists after the 15th century.
horses are mainly used as domestic animals for riding, pulling carts and carrying loads, and are used in war and labor. Played a very important role in history. Until the appearance of the steam engine in the industrial revolution, it was the main power for pulling cars, so that the capacity of the machine was measured by horsepower later. Horses are the main means of transport on roads that are impassable in mountainous areas.
In the war, it was also the earliest chariot-pulling, and nomadic people first invented riding. Cavalry didn't appear in China until the Warring States period, and the Roman Empire learned riding from nomadic people in Central Asia in the later period. Saddles were also invented by nomadic people, and later they were continuously improved; The stirrup was invented by China people in the late Tang Dynasty. At first, it was just one stirrup. For the convenience of getting on the horse, it later developed into one on each side. The Persians called it "China Shoes" and later it spread to Europe. It was not until the end of the 2th century that cavalry began to withdraw from the war because of the appearance and popularity of various chariots and helicopters. At present, riding is mostly used in sports competitions, and some patrolmen in big cities also use horses.
Horses can also be used for milk and meat. The Islamic law forbids eating horse meat. In 732 AD, Pope Gregory III banned Christians from eating horse meat, but it didn't work much later. Now French and Italians eat horse meat, and Japanese think horse meat is nutritious meat. During World War II, the United States allowed butcher shops to supply horse meat to make up for the shortage of beef, but after World War II, under the pressure of ranchers in the west, it was forbidden to supply horse meat. Horse milk has always been the food of nomadic people, especially suitable for brewing "horse milk wine".
With the weakening of the use function of horses, in the second half of the 2th century, many countries bred various ponies as pets. Now, after thousands of years of cultivation, there are many kinds of horses, from as high as 2 meters to only .56 meters. There is only one horse as big as a big dog, with different shapes.
About the evolution of horses:
The fossils of horses are very rich, so the evolution of horses has also been studied in great detail. The evolution of horses is often used as an example of evolution. Horses belong to mammals, Chiroptera. The earliest horse, the ancestor horse, appeared in North America 56 million years ago, at the Eocene. The ancestor horse was only as big as a dog, with a hunched back and multiple toes on its limbs. From the ancestor horse, there are many branches. Some branches are getting bigger and better at running, and some branches are developing towards miniaturization. By Miocene, equine animals represented by three-toed horses became a very prosperous fauna, which was a common fossil animal in stratigraphic paleontology and often