Philip Morris Company was formerly a tobacco shop founded by Philip Morris Company in London on 1847. Starting from 1854, shops began to produce and sell cigarettes. By the end of this century, william curtis Thomson bought this enterprise and made it prosperous day by day. 1902, the company introduced its cigarettes to the United States. However, under the pressure of the American Tobacco Trust at that time, the company's business developed slowly. 19 1 1 year, the federal government ordered the dissolution of tobacco trust, and the company's business gradually improved. 19 19 American investors bought the company and developed production and sales business in the United States. During the great crisis in the 1930s, the company introduced Philip Morris economic brand cigarettes suitable for ordinary consumers, which were very popular. As a result, the company has become a tobacco enterprise that can compete with three major tobacco companies, such as American tobacco companies R.J. Renault and Li Jie-Myers, at a low price. However, until the mid-1950s, the company was only a small player in the American tobacco market. 1954, the company merged Benson and hedges, which produce Congress brand cigarettes, and the company's operation showed a major turning point. The merger not only significantly expanded the company's business, but also enabled the company to get the president of Benson, William Kalman. Under his leadership, the company has made the most brilliant achievements in the commercial history, turning a Marlboro brand cigarette, which is mainly for women, into a brand-name product with the largest sales volume in the world, making the company gain a leading position in the domestic market and challenging the dominant position of British American Tobacco Company in foreign markets. 1968 introduced a Virginia soft cigarette specially for women. By the mid-1970s, the company had become the second largest tobacco company in the United States after Renault. 1978, the company acquired the international business of Lijiete Group, including L &；; M, Lark, Chesterfield, Eve and Decade franchise to sell cigarettes. After 1980s, the company bought 50% of the shares of Lomons Tobacco Holding Company at the price of 198 1, and its business expanded further, eventually replacing Renault as the largest tobacco enterprise in the world. 1986 merged Benson-hedges Canada with Palmell Rosemons to form Rosemons-Benson and hedges, in which Philip Morris holds 40% of the shares. 1989, the company sold these shares again and began to gradually shrink its tobacco business to avoid becoming the target of public criticism.
While developing the tobacco industry, the company began to diversify from the late 1950s, mainly focusing on three areas: First, the packaging industry. 1957 merged the paper mill printing company, and 1958 acquired the polymer industrial company, and formed the industrial division on the basis of these two companies. Second, the beer industry. 1969, the company purchased w? r？ 53% of the shares of Miller Brewing Company, owned by Grace Company, bought the remaining shares at 1970, thus completely controlling the company. According to the company's deployment, Miller Brewing Company changed the advertisement from "bottled beer champagne" to the movement picture of white-collar workers rushing to "Miller era", suggesting that this wine is most suitable for workers who have a hard day's work. In addition, the company predicted in advance that people would pay more attention to calorie content, so it launched a light beer called Miller Lite, which occupied a considerable domestic market. This aroused the resistance of Xu Anhua Zebushi Company, the largest light beer producer in the United States, and the two companies launched fierce competition. By the early 1980s, these two companies occupied more than 50% of the American market. By the end of 1980s, this proportion had risen to 63%. Miller's share in the American market has more than tripled. In addition, the company merged with Gao Qi Company in 1978, trying to achieve the same success as Miller Brewing Company, but failed, so it had to be sold again in 1986. Third, the food industry. 1985 Company Acquires General Foods Company, the largest coffee scone and frozen vegetable processing enterprise in the United States 1987 Kenko Coffee Company (British company) 1988 Company's M&A history can be traced back to Kailaf Company 1903/0/3 billion. According to calculation, the company's capital for merger in 1980s was as high as $654.38+0.8 billion. From 65438 to 0989, Kraft Company merged with General Foods Company to form Kraft General Foods Company (KGF). 1990, the new company acquired Jakoba Sukard Company, a Swiss coffee and candy manufacturer, for $4 1 billion, making the food industry gradually become the new core business of the company.
With the development of the three core businesses, Philip Morris's position in the American industry has been continuously improved. In the early postwar period, the company could not be included in the 300 largest industrial enterprises in the United States. It only entered the top 300 after merging with Benson Company in the mid-1950s, entered the top 200 in the 1960s, and became a member of the 65,438+000 club after the mid-1970s. 1975, the annual sales of the company was only $3.642 billion, and it rose to $8.303 billion in 1979, more than doubling in five years; In the same period, the company's annual profit also increased from $265,438+0.2 million to $508 million. According to the calculation, from 1955 to 1983, the annual growth rate of the company's sales is 24.7%. After entering the 1980s, the company continued to maintain a high-speed growth momentum. From 1982 to 199 1, the company's annual sales increased from $9 102 million to $48.064 billion, with an average annual growth rate of 20.3%. In the same period, the company's annual profit increased from 782 million dollars to 3.927 billion dollars, with an average annual growth rate of 19.6%. Maintaining such a high growth rate for such a long time is rare not only in the traditional industrial sectors of the United States, but also in the so-called emerging industrial sectors.
Philip Morris products can be divided into four categories: (1) tobacco. 199 1 tobacco accounts for 42% of the company's annual sales and 72% of the company's annual profits, and it is the most important core business of the company. In the tobacco market of 220 billion cigarettes sold in the United States in 199 1 year, Morris Company occupies about 43% of the market share. Besides Marlboro, Benson &; Hedges, Merit, Virginia Slims and other brands. Since 199 1, the company has also developed Marlboro Chinese Tobacco and other low nicotine cigarettes with low tar content. Among them, Marlboro cigarette has been the best-selling cigarette in the world since 1972, and its sales volume ranks first among all kinds of cigarettes. At present, the company has 65,438+00 processing plants in the United States, including 7 in Richmond, 2 in Louisville and 1 in Cabalus County. According to the data of American financial world, Marlboro trademark was rated as the second most valuable trademark in the world in 1994, with a market value of $33.045 billion, ranking first in 1993. (2) food. 199 1 year, 50% of the company's annual sales come from such products, and Clough General Foods Company is the main undertaker of such business of Philip Morris Company. The company is the largest manufacturer of packaged food, coffee, cheese and processed meat in the United States. Among them, the General Food Division mainly produces Maxwell, Sanka and bream brand coffee, Country Time brand beer, Minute brand rice and good season brand salad dressing. Kraft Branch mainly produces Velveet and Cheez Whiz brand cheese; Miracle whip salad dressing, etc. , known as the king of cheese and similar products processing. In addition, the company has successfully developed fat-free products, such as Sealtest brand rice paste and Entenmann brand baking sugar. Oscar Mayer Foods, a subsidiary of Morris Company, is also the largest producer of meat and poultry processed products in the United States. Its main trademarks are Oscar Mayer and Louis Rich. Kevlar General Foods' frozen products division also produces and supplies frozen foods, such as frozen vegetables and frozen milk. (3) beer. 199 1 year, the sales of such products account for about 7% of the company's total sales, and these products are mainly operated by Miller Brewing Company. Its famous brand products include Miller Lite, Miller High Life, Meisterbrow and the best in Milwaukee. The company owns and operates eight wineries in China. (4) Financial services and real estate. It is mainly operated by Philip Morris Investment Company and Misson Viyo Company. Its main business is to provide capital financing for customers and suppliers of the company's branches, and engage in real estate planning, development and sales activities in California and Colorado.
In 1980s, China frequently traded with Philip Morris Company, mainly in import, export and compensation trade. 1993, Philip Morris invested in China and set up a subsidiary in China to be responsible for the production and sales in China market.
By 1998, Philip Morris' international market revenue exceeded $5 billion.
Now Philip Morris Company. The world's largest tobacco company will spend $654.38+089 billion to acquire Nabisco Holdings Corp, together with its Oreo Oreo biscuits and Lezhi Ritz biscuits, * * * will form Kraft Food Division.
So far, it has become a far-ahead product in the market.
Use 7-up
7-Up International originally belonged to Philip Morris Group, which is the largest tobacco company in the world (Marlboro), and also operates the beverage (7-Up) and packaging industries. In 1980s, Morris Group reorganized, divested the packaging industry and 7-up, and acquired other food companies (including Kraft Foods), so in 1986, PepsiCo acquired 7-up from Philip Morris. Qixi left Morris and switched to Pepsi, becoming its flagship brand. With the concept of "non-cola", the 7-up brand has become the third largest beverage in the United States after Coca-Cola and Pepsi.
Kraft paper
Kraft Guangtong Food Co., Ltd. is a member of Kraft Food Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Philip Morris Group Co., Ltd., the world's largest consumer goods company. Philip Morris Group Co., Ltd., whose business includes tobacco, food and beer, ranks first, second and third in the world in related industries respectively. At present, Philip Morris Group has about137,000 employees worldwide.
Kraft Foods Co., Ltd. is the largest food company in North America, employing about 60,000 employees worldwide. Kraft's three core product lines are coffee, candy, dairy products and beverages. Among them, the famous brands are Kraft, Maxwell, Tang (Guobao), Sugus (Swiss Candy), Milka (Myka Chocolate), Toblerone (Swiss Triangle Chocolate) and Jacob Suchard (Risako Mamiya). At present, Kraft Foods has a number of wholly-owned or joint ventures in China, including Kraft Guangtong Food Co., Ltd., Kraft Mei Tian Food (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Na Beske (China) Co., Ltd. and United Biscuits (China) Co., Ltd. ..
Kraft Food Co., Ltd. is the largest coffee manufacturer in the world. 1985, Kraft Guangtong Food Co., Ltd. and Guangzhou Light Industry Group Co., Ltd. jointly established Kraft Guangtong Food Co., Ltd. 200 1, Kraft Guangtong Food Co., Ltd. became a wholly-owned company of Kraft Food Co., Ltd. Kraft Guangtong has advanced coffee production technology and excellent talents, and produced world-famous Maxwell coffee. The product range includes Maxwell instant coffee, Maxwell three-in-one coffee, Maxwell coffee milk powder (non-dairy creamer) and Maxwell coffee milk powder gift box. Maxwell Coffee sells well at home and abroad with its excellent quality and excellent brand, and is deeply loved by consumers.