Bianjing is another name of Kaifeng City, Henan Province, China, and also the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. It was called Bianjing or Tokyo in ancient times. Bianjing is the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, also called Bianliang or Tokyo, located in Kaifeng City, Henan Province. Bianjing is one of the most prosperous cities in the Northern Song Dynasty, with a population of over one million, and it is known as the "largest metropolis in the East".

Bianjing has two parts: the inner city and the outer city. The inner city is the seat of the royal family and the official government, and the outer city is the concentration of commercial and residential buildings. There are many rivers and lakes flowing through Bianjing, the most important of which is Bianhe, a tributary of the Yellow River, which is the lifeblood of Bianjing. There are thirteen bridges on the Bianhe River, the most famous of which are Hongqiao, Jinliang Bridge and Junyi Bridge. There are many places of interest in Bianjing, such as Kaibao Temple and Suoguo Temple.

After the change of Jingkang, Bianjing was captured by the State of Jin, moved to Hangzhou in the Song Dynasty, and Bianjing declined. Jin Guo also moved its capital to Bianjing and changed its name to Nanjing Kaifeng House. In the Yuan Dynasty, Liu Futong, the leader of the Red Scarf Army, also established his capital in Bianjing. In the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang also designated Kaifeng as the capital and called it Beijing. Kaifeng was no longer the capital of Henan Province until 1954.

The historical position of Bianjing;

Bianjing is an important capital in the history of China. It was once the capital of Xia Dynasty, Wei State, Hou Liang, Later Jin Dynasty, Later Han Dynasty, Later Zhou Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Jin Dynasty and other dynasties, and is known as the "Ancient Capital of Eight Dynasties". Bianjing is one of the most prosperous cities in the Northern Song Dynasty, with a population of over one million, extremely developed commerce and trade, and very prosperous culture and art, from which the far-reaching "Song Wenhua" was born.

Bianjing was also one of the largest cities in the world at that time, and was called "the largest metropolis in the East". Bianjing is strategically located in the hinterland of the Central Plains, on the bank of the Yellow River, with the Grand Canal and the Bianhe River running through it, with convenient land and water transportation. Bianjing's urban construction is also very grand. There are many buildings inside and outside the city, the walls are tall and solid, and the bridges are exquisite and spectacular. Bianjing has an important position and influence in the history of China's ancient capital.

Bianjing culture is an important part of China ancient culture. Bianjing in Song Dynasty was a gathering place for literati, and literary forms such as poetry and songs, prose novels, operas and zaju made brilliant achievements. At the same time, Bianjing is also the center of scientific and technological innovation, with many outstanding scientists and inventors, such as Shen Kuo and Su Song. In a word, Bianjing is a splendid capital in the history of China.