1. Current status of pear industry development in Jiangsu Province

(1) Overall situation of pear cultivation area and output

Jiangsu Province is located in the southeastern coastal area of ??my country and belongs to the subtropical zone of my country. The transition area between warm temperate climate and warm temperate climate is the junction zone of fruit trees in the north and south of my country, with rich types of fruit trees. Among them, the pear tree is the second largest fruit tree in Jiangsu Province. In the past five years, the pear orchard planting area in our province has been basically stable. In 2019, the cultivated area was nearly 543,000 acres, accounting for 16.2% of the total fruit tree cultivation area. The annual output is approximately 800,000 tons, accounting for 20.4% of the province’s total fruit volume.

Judging from the change trend of pear cultivation area and yield in the province, Jiangsu pear cultivation area reached its peak in 2005 and then gradually shrank, which is consistent with the national pear area shrinkage trend, indicating that the pear industry has evolved from area expansion to Development gradually shifts to improving quality and efficiency. Looking at the long-term changes in total output, despite the shrinkage of cultivation area, the total output level is basically on an upward trend, which is mainly due to the advancement of production technology and the improvement of pear orchard management.

Jiangsu’s pear output currently accounts for close to 5% of the country’s total. In recent years, due to the continuous increase in output in other producing areas such as Xinjiang, Henan, and Sichuan, Jiangsu’s pear output has continued to decline in the country’s ranking, which also reflects that my country’s pear output has continued to decline. The competition pattern in pear-producing areas is undergoing a process of change from concentration to decentralization.

Changing trends of pear cultivation area and total output in Jiangsu Province

(2) Distribution of pear production areas

Pears are widely distributed throughout the province. According to the main production The region can be divided into northern Jiangsu, central Jiangsu and southern Jiangsu pear production areas. The northern Jiangsu area mainly produces mid-late-ripening varieties, while the central and southern Jiangsu areas mainly produce early-maturing pears.

Northern Jiangsu pear production areas include Xuzhou, Huai'an, Suqian, Yancheng and Lianyungang, accounting for 72.46% of the province's pear orchard area. It is an environmental adaptation area for white pears and sand pears. The main cultivated varieties in the northern Jiangsu pear production area include Dangshansu pear, Huangguan pear, Sucui No. 1, Yuanhuang, Cuiguan, Qiuyue, etc.

Suzhong pear production areas include Nantong, Yangzhou and Taizhou, accounting for 12.19% of the province’s pear orchard area. Some of the new orchards are mainly Su Cui series, Cuiguan and Huanghuang pears, while some parks are mainly for early pear varieties. Su pear is the main cultivated variety.

Sunan pear production areas include Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou, accounting for 15.35% of the province’s pear orchard area. In recent years, pear orchards have developed rapidly, mainly Su Cui No. 1, Cuiguan and Cuiyu. There are also early-maturing pear varieties represented by such as Fengshui, Qiuyue and other varieties.

(3) Maturation period structure of pear cultivars

Our province has a relatively rich variety of pear cultivars, covering early, medium and late maturing varieties. The early-maturing varieties that mature before July 30 are mainly the Su Cui series pears independently selected by the Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, as well as Cuiguan, Jade Jade and other varieties; the mid-maturing varieties that mature from early August to the end of August are round yellow, Fengshui, Huangguan, etc. are the main varieties; late-maturing varieties that mature after September are mainly Suli, Qiuyue, etc.

(4) Pear production and cultivation model

(1) Tree management

At present, traditional production is mainly based on the evacuation and layered shape, which has gradually developed in recent years. Horizontal scaffolding, double-layer scaffolding, arched scaffolding, trunk-shaped and other labor-saving tree shapes. Among them, the evacuation layered type has the largest area in production, accounting for about 90% of the province's pear orchard area; the horizontal scaffolding tree type is currently used more in Zhenjiang area; the double-layered scaffolding is used in Lianyungang, Yizheng and other production areas, but the development area is insufficient 5,000 acres; the arched scaffolding is quick to grow and easy to manage, but the investment in facilities is high. There are currently small-area demonstrations in Taixing, Taicang, and Fengxian; the main trunk shape is a tree shape newly promoted in the past two years, and the investment in facilities is relatively small. Early The fruit yields are high and fast, and the current development area in Xuzhou is nearly 5,000 acres.

(2) Flower and fruit management

In terms of production, early-ripening pears are mainly produced without bagging; some of the mid-ripening pears with yellow crowns are covered with paper bags, and most are not bagged; late-maturing varieties Basic bagging cultivation is adopted, especially for Su pear, bagging fruits account for more than 95%. In the past two years, as the market pursues quality and simplified models, the proportion of non-bagging products has gradually increased.

At present, in most pear-producing areas in our province, artificial pollination is mainly used during the flowering period.

In recent years, liquid pollination technology has begun to be popularized and applied in production, which is very beneficial to improving pollination efficiency. However, due to the low maturity of the technology and the unstable pollination effect, the rate of popularization and application is still small.

(3) Soil management

There are obvious differences in the fertilizer usage and types of pear orchards in different regions. Pear orchards in southern Jiangsu mostly use organic fertilizers, such as chicken manure and duck manure. , rapeseed cake, etc.; some pear orchards in central Jiangsu adopt the combined mode of "pig breeding-pear orchard planting", using biogas slurry as fertilizer in pear orchards; most orchards in northern Jiangsu basically use chemical fertilizers, and less organic fertilizers are used.

Most pear orchards in northern Jiangsu still choose intercropping, interplanting vegetables, soybeans, melons and other crops in the sapling stage. There is relatively little ground grass in old pear orchards, and clear tillage or no-till is mostly used; most in southern Jiangsu. When building new orchards, we basically adopt the technique of growing grass in pear orchards.

(4) Mechanized operations

Due to early establishment of gardens in northern Jiangsu and complex tree structures, only simple plant protection machines can be used in park management, and the mechanization rate is very low. . Most of the new orchards in southern Jiangsu and central Jiangsu adopt mechanized cultivation methods with wide rows and narrow plants. Mechanical operations are used in plant protection, weeding, fertilization and other aspects, which greatly improves efficiency.

(5) Pear production costs and sales

(1) Average production costs

From 2011 to 2019, the average annual growth rate of Jiangsu pear production costs was 3.06% , the average production cost of Jiangsu pears in 2019 was 3,675 yuan/mu.

(2) Production cost structure

In recent years, the proportion of labor costs in pear production costs has been on an upward trend. The proportion of material and service costs has declined, and the proportion of land rent has remained basically the same in the past two years.

Jiangsu pear production cost structure from 2017 to 2019

(3) Sales situation

In recent years, the polarization of traditional pear prices has become increasingly obvious , the prices of low-end bulk varieties fell, while the prices of high-end boutique, functional pear and specialty pear varieties tended to rise. Take the 2019 summer pear purchase price in the Xuzhou market as an example: Huangguan pear is 2.2 yuan/kg, Dangshan Su pear is 1.2 yuan/kg, Qiuyue pear is 5.4 yuan/kg, and Su Cui No. 1 pear can reach 7.5 yuan/kg.

At present, the post-80s and post-90s groups have rapidly grown into the main consumers of fresh fruits. They are less sensitive to price. As long as they are "delicious", they are not afraid of expensive fruits. The overall consumption trend is to eat as much as possible. Health also requires exquisite packaging, and the consumption characteristics of popularization, diversification, personalization, quality and functionality are more obvious.

(1) The structure of pear varieties is unreasonable, and the proportion of high-quality specialty varieties is small

Currently, mid-late-maturing pear varieties are the mainstay in production, resulting in an over-concentration of the maturity period and high sales pressure in the post-production market. , low selling price. There are many medium-ripening pear varieties, mainly including 'Huangguan', 'Fengshui', 'Yuanhuang', etc.; late-maturing pear varieties, mainly 'Dangshan Suli', 'Atago', 'Xingao' and other varieties are due to management Extensive, the fruit quality is low, the planting efficiency is not high, and it cannot meet the needs of farmers for "good price". In comparison, early-maturing pear varieties account for a small proportion. Although in recent years, the Su Cui series of varieties independently developed by our province and the introduced new varieties such as Cuiyu have made up for the gap in the early-maturing pear variety structure to a certain extent, but the cultivation area and output are still relatively small. The proportion is relatively low and cannot meet consumers’ demand for “new, special and high-quality” varieties.

(2) There is a lack of high-efficiency cultivation technology for fine varieties, and pear fruit quality and production efficiency are low

At present, there is no matching method for cultivating fine varieties of pears. Different varieties use the same cultivation method, which is harmful to The supporting cultivation technology for the introduction of new and excellent varieties has not yet been fully mastered, resulting in low standards in the cultivation process, a slow increase in the high-quality rate of fruit, and no brand effect.

Generally speaking, cultivation techniques such as pollination, bagging, and shaping and pruning have low efficiency and high investment; in terms of soil fertilization, most fruit farmers have not established the concepts of "balanced fertilization", "fertilization according to the soil" and "adjustment of fertilizer according to the tree", and the integration of water and fertilizer , It is difficult to achieve balanced fertilization. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers and no attention to soil improvement will lead to an imbalance of soil nutrient proportions, which will have adverse effects on the growth and development, yield and quality of pear trees. In addition, the phenomenon of early picking of pear fruits is very serious, affecting The quality of pear fruit has damaged the brand image of high-quality pears.

(3) There is a lack of mechanized cultivation and management model suitable for promotion, and the degree of mechanization is low

Pear trees require a large amount of labor in the production process, and the age of the workers currently engaged in pear tree production Gradually increasing, the aging population is becoming more serious and the labor force is shrinking, resulting in increasing labor costs and higher labor costs. Since the traditional pear orchard trees in our province are mostly scattered and layered, the degree of mechanized operation is low. Scaffold-shaped structures that are convenient for mechanized operations have a small area of ??promotion in production. On the one hand, additional capital investment limits the cultivation of this type of tree shape. More importantly, the scaffold-shaped structure has high technical requirements and is slow to put into production. It is more difficult to enter the high-yield period. Late. The trunk-shaped tree shape suitable for mechanization in the north has a small area of ??promotion in Jiangsu. On the one hand, due to the large growth volume and excessive density of pear trees in the south; on the other hand, some varieties with strong dryness, such as Cuiguan, Qiuyue and other varieties, have to support branches and pull branches. The branch workload is heavy and cannot save labor and effort.

(4) The application of green prevention and control technologies for pests and diseases is not in place, and the cost of prevention and control is high

In terms of pest control, the application of green prevention and control technologies is not in place, and most pear-producing areas lack pest and disease forecasts. , forecasting and other related technical means, relying on production experience to use chemical pesticides, relying too much on the use of pesticides, killing most beneficial insects, causing an imbalance in the proportion of pests and natural enemies, creating a vicious cycle and increasing prevention and control costs.

(5) Poor ability to cope with natural disasters and weak ability to withstand risks

Pear orchards in our province are mostly grown in open fields and are greatly affected by extreme weather, such as frost, high temperature, floods, and drought. It happens from time to time in our province. The quality of production depends on the weather. The ability of pear farmers to respond to industrial emergencies is weak, and output and prices fluctuate greatly.

(6) Lack of commercial processing and low level of fresh storage and transportation

Our province has few processing enterprises, circulation enterprises and cold storage capacity, and is highly dependent on foreign markets. Commercial processing and fresh storage capabilities are low. At present, the post-harvest commercial processing rate of pear fruits in our province is less than 50%, and grading is mostly done manually. The storage capacity only accounts for 10% of the total pear production, and cold storage is the main method. The processing scale is small and the processing varieties are single. There is a disconnect between processing and production and sales. Most fruit farmers enter the sales market directly after picking. The shelf life is long, which puts great pressure on sales.

(7) It is difficult to operate on a moderate scale and there is a lack of operating entities

Existing orchards are mainly planted one by one household, and the willingness to develop new pear orchards is not strong; most pear-producing areas are old and weak There are many sick and disabled people, and they cherish the land, making it difficult to transfer; the cost of land transfer in centralized management is high and the operating pressure is high; due to the lack of new entities, it is difficult to promote new varieties and new technologies.

(8) The grassroots technical service talent team is weak and lacks scientific guidance

The grassroots expert service team in the fruit tree industry in our province has a small number of people, is aging, has many affairs, and cannot concentrate on technology. Insufficient service and service power have greatly affected the promotion of technology; due to the lack of timely guidance, fruit farmers have a certain degree of blindness in production, and improper selection of varieties and technologies has caused certain economic losses and frustrated planting enthusiasm.

(1) Optimize the structure and layout of pear varieties and adjust the proportion of early, middle and late-maturing pears

In view of the current unreasonable problem of pear production structure and layout in our province, increase the production of high-quality early-maturing pears Breed, screen and promote, optimize the layout of regional characteristic and advantageous varieties at each county level, adjust the proportion of early, medium and late maturing varieties, and adjust and transform medium and low-yield pear orchards on the basis of stabilizing the existing pear planting area.

In recent years, in order to optimize the pear variety structure in our province and enrich our province’s high-quality early-maturing pear varieties, the Jiangsu Province Modern Agriculture (Pear) Industry Technology System Team has introduced a batch of pear varieties that can be harvested in Nanjing in early to mid-June. Mature germplasm resources, such as Polyaska, Yuzika, Pearl pears, etc.; 6 "Su Cui" series of pear varieties have been independently selected and bred, among which 'Su Cui No. 1' has been promoted as the province's main high-quality early-maturing pear in recent years. The rapid development of new varieties has enriched the composition of pear varieties in our province and advanced the supply period of fresh fruits by about 15 days. At present, 'Sucui No. 1' is the new variety with the earliest maturity and the best quality among the main early-maturing pear varieties planted in my country. It is deeply recognized by the majority of fruit farmers and consumers. At the same time, domestically selected germplasm resources such as Yulu and Ganli Zao8 with strong comprehensive resistance have been introduced. The introduction of these variety resources has further enriched the extremely early-maturing pear variety structure in our province and also provided a basis for the selection of extremely early-maturing varieties. Excellent germplasm.

(2) Improve supporting cultivation technologies and increase labor-saving integrated promotion

Based on the characteristics of main pear varieties grown in different producing areas in our province, and the need for high-quality, light and simple pear production management In response to demand, we need to improve supporting technologies for efficient pear cultivation and promote labor-saving cultivation models, such as simple pruning technology, liquid pollination technology, orchard grass growing technology, green disease and insect pest prevention and control technology, and timely pear harvesting technology. Through the promotion and application of high-quality and efficient production supporting technology systems, while meeting the basic conditions for producing high-quality pear fruits, and using advanced intensive and labor-saving cultivation models, we can reduce production costs and achieve high quality and good prices.

(3) Promote mechanized management of orchards and reduce labor costs

In view of the problems of large labor volume and high input costs, carry out the promotion and application of orchard mechanization and create an environment suitable for mechanized operations. Using tree-shaped cultivation technology, we have developed agricultural machinery and tools suitable for pear orchards with different site conditions. The arched scaffolding tree shape currently promoted and applied in our province meets the growing needs of pear trees with strong trunks. It has fast forming, high early yield and high commercial fruit rate. It plays an important role in the production of high-end fruit and the construction of leisure and tourist orchards. In addition, through integration with the national pear industry technology system, a series of new pear orchard machinery has been promoted and applied, which has reduced the labor intensity of orchard management and greatly improved production efficiency.

(4) Create a high-level demonstration base to radiate and drive the technical level of pear orchards

In order to solve the problem of uneven quality of pear orchards in different producing areas in our province, we rely on the provincial pear industry technology system to establish pear orchards. Industrial demonstration base, take the lead in demonstration and strengthen the training of agricultural technicians to further accelerate the application and promotion of new varieties, new technologies, new models, new equipment and other systems and new achievements, radiate and drive surrounding pear orchards, and strive to create a number of high-quality, high-standard Modern pear orchard. At present, Jiangsu Yejia Liyuan Development Co., Ltd. Demonstration Base, Zhenjiang Demonstration Base, Xuzhou Demonstration Base, Nanjing Jiatian Economic Forest and Fruit Professional Cooperative Demonstration Base, etc. established based on the system mainly demonstrate new varieties such as 'Su Cui No. 1', arched sheds, etc. Tree-shaped, horizontal scaffolding, trunk-shaped tree-shaped cultivation modes, high-inoculation and seeding technology, etc., centered on demonstration bases, have radiated and promoted new pear varieties to nearly 30,000 acres, and added more than 300 acres of labor-saving cultivation modes. , played a good demonstration role.

(5) Strengthen commercialization and create characteristic pear brands

Actively guide fruit farmers to establish high quality and low price and brand awareness, improve the organization level of fruit farmers, and improve storage, processing, etc. The post-harvest commercialization processing capability of the fruit extends the pear industry chain and multi-functional expansion, creating conditions for the healthy development of industrialization. Under the guidance of local governments, relying on leading enterprises or farmer cooperatives, we will gradually build pear brands with regional characteristics, enhance the core competitiveness of products, and strive to achieve appropriate premium sales results.

In recent years, through the cooperation of multiple units such as the provincial pear industry technology system, a number of high-quality pear fruit evaluation meetings have been held in the province. Through the pear fruit evaluation, the production entities have found the gaps and learned from experience. It has promoted the promotion of high-quality new varieties, also increased the publicity of pear brands, and created a number of pear brands with regional characteristics, such as Dashahe Orchard, Xuzhou Gongpin Fruit, Zhenjiang Fengzhiyuan, Taixing Sucui Pear and other brands.

(6) Extend the pear industry chain and improve e-commerce and other multi-channel sales channels

The traditional consumption of pear fruit has limited growth space. By extending the pear industry chain, pear development can be Related products, such as pear paste, pear juice drinks, etc., fully exploit the versatility of pear products and increase the added value of pears. At the same time, through the promotion and guidance of culture (taste), brand, and quality, we will explore the cultural, medicinal, functional and other potential values ??of pears, guide the diversified consumer market, and promote the development of pear culture. Among them, Suqian Demonstration and Promotion Base, driven by the pear industry system, vigorously develops the pear leisure tourism industry, builds a pear culture museum, holds the Pear Blossom Sightseeing Festival in April every year, and holds the Pear Fruit Picking Festival from July to August, attracting an endless stream of tourists; On the basis of the original sales, the sales model has been changed to create "Pear Qifang" specialty products such as Ligao Fang, Lijiu Fang, Pear Vinegar Fang, and Lijuice Fang. It is expected that the annual processing of crisp pears will reach 3,000 tons, and the effect of promoting the extension of the pear industry chain is significant. .

At the same time, we must adapt to social development and change traditional marketing concepts. Actively build local exclusive e-commerce sales platforms and brands, increase online sales channels, increase the circulation of agricultural products, and improve market recognition; actively use various marketing methods to promote brand marketing of pear fruits, and successfully introduce high-quality pear fruits to the market. Improve market competitiveness. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the provincial pear industry system connected with the national system, cooperated with e-commerce platforms, and successfully sold unsalable pears from bases and fruit farmers through online sales, greatly reducing the economic losses of fruit farmers. In addition, Zhenjiang, Taixing and other demonstration bases and demonstration sites are also actively building WeChat sales networks, allowing fruit farmers to complete pear sales without leaving home.

(7) Improve the degree of industrial organization in the industry and create new agricultural entities

Cultivate a group of new agricultural entities, especially family farms, that are moderately large, relatively young, and able to accept new Technology can not only reduce labor costs, but also ensure that the quality of products in the region can be greatly improved; at the same time, the government needs to strengthen technical support for new entities and allocate more funds to their training and improve their skills. With the support of the provincial pear industry system, we have successfully cultivated new agricultural entities such as Wolong Village Pear Orchard in Yuecheng Town, Jiangyin City, Ahong Fruit Professional Cooperative, and Jiangsu Yejia Pear Orchard. Through the guidance of system experts on production management, we have successfully cultivated main varieties, cultivation The posture, orchard environment and income have been diversified and improved.

(8) Strengthen the construction of expert teams and talent teams, and improve scientific and technological capabilities

Provide reasonable suggestions and technical consulting services for regional industry development by establishing a pear industry expert think tank; timely supplement Grassroots professional teams cultivate a group of agricultural innovation, management and practical talents to maximize the enthusiasm of scientific and technological workers; by strengthening the training of agricultural technology extension personnel, they will strengthen their understanding of varieties and mastery of core technologies, and provide better services industry in the region. At present, a group of experts related to the pear industry have been established through the Agricultural Technology App to answer industry questions for farmers and producers and managers online. The experts and base directors of the pear system provide regular online and offline lectures and timely release of industrial technologies. Improve industrial science and technology service capabilities through guidance programs and other methods.

Typical Case 1: Application of new pear varieties and new technologies in Jiangsu Yejia Pear Orchard, the core demonstration garden of Taixing Demonstration Base

(1) Application of system integration innovation results in Jiangsu Yejia Pear Orchard Application

(1) Combining fruit and livestock breeding to create an efficient ecological orchard

The core demonstration garden of Taixing Demonstration Base of the provincial industrial technology system, Jiangsu Yejia Pear Garden, its parent company Yangyu Group Mainly pig breeding, in order to solve the problem of livestock and poultry manure emissions, under the guidance of experts from the provincial industrial technology system, pear trees were introduced as the main planting objects. Based on the "laws of tree development and fertilizer requirements in different growth periods", a precision fertilization technology integrating biogas slurry, water and fertilizer has been developed, saving up to 60% of the use of chemical fertilizers, creating a comprehensive breeding cycle system of "pig-biogas-pear", and creating It has established a new model for the green, efficient and circular development of modern pear orchard resources.

(2) Integration of three products to create a high-efficiency orchard

The varieties planted in Yejia Pear Orchard were originally mainly 'Cuiguan', 'Golden', etc., but the economic benefits were not high. After becoming a provincial industrial system demonstration base, the introduction of new pear varieties such as 'Su Cui No. 1' and 'Su Cui No. 2' independently selected by the provincial system expert researcher Lin Jing's team not only improved the fruit quality, but also significantly improved the cultivation efficiency. , the pear orchard area has also increased from the original 500 acres to 1,500 acres, and it has become the largest modern pear orchard in our province. The company has registered the "Su Cui" pear trademark, which has become a famous local brand in Taizhou. The company is working hard to create Jiangsu famous products.

(3) Safe production to create green orchards

Under the technical guidance of system team experts, the demonstration base carries out green prevention and control such as growing grass in the orchard, hanging insecticidal lamps, and misdirected silk Measures are taken to prevent and control pests and diseases; at the same time, scientific fertilizers and pesticides are used in production. The company's fruits have passed green food certification, and the park has passed green food origin certification. At present, Yejia Liyuan conducts production demonstrations in strict accordance with the technical requirements of the system, and the high-quality fruits produced have received good responses in cities such as Shanghai and Nanjing.

(4) Mechanized operation to create a modern orchard

At present, the provincial pear industry technology system has demonstrated the application of the arched scaffolding labor-saving cultivation model in Yejia Pear Orchard. This model is in line with Pear trees meet the needs of regular growth, are easy to shape and prune, and are convenient for mechanized operations. The fruits produced are of high quality and the commercial fruit rate can be increased to 90%. They can also play an important role in the production of high-end fruits and the construction of leisure and sightseeing orchards. effect. At present, Yejia Liyuan has built 130 acres of new arched scaffolding labor-saving cultivation models, which is the largest contiguous area in the country. At the same time, the mechanized management of the demonstration garden covers a number of orchard operating machinery such as ditching, fertilizing, spraying, flower and fruit thinning, and picking. It runs through the entire orchard mechanized operation process. The mechanization rate accounts for 62%, which greatly improves the efficiency of orchard operations. , saving about 50% of labor costs.

(5) Technical guidance and training

In order to ensure the healthy production of the pear orchard, pear industry technical system experts and team members have provided technical support to Yejia Pear Orchard many times during critical production seasons. For example, arched scaffolding shaping and pruning technology, green pest and disease prevention and control technology, and 'Su Cui No. 1' production management technology ensure that efficient cultivation technology in pear orchards is implemented and play an important supporting role in improving fruit yield and quality.

(2) Achieved results

(1) Launched the Taixing Su Cuili brand

Thanks to the application of system integration innovation results, Yejia Liyuan Pear Fruit The yield has increased significantly, from the original 1,000 jins/mu to 2,000 jins/mu. In terms of quality, the ‘Su Cui No. 1’ produced by Yejia Liyuan has also been greatly improved, with a commercial fruit rate of 90% and has obtained the Jiangsu Province Green Food Certification.

(2) Economic benefits have increased significantly

At present, the market price of 'Su Cui No. 1' grown in Yejia Pear Garden reaches 16 yuan/kg, and the package price reaches 8 yuan / kg, while the market purchase price of 'Huangguan Pear' during the same period was 2.2 yuan/kg, and the purchase price of 'Dangshan Su Pear' was only 1.2 yuan/kg, an increase of 440% compared with the annual income of the pear orchard before the variety update. The sales price of ‘Su Cui No. 1’ far exceeds that of other pear varieties, has produced good economic benefits, and played an important role in increasing farmers’ income.

(3) The radiating and driving role is enhanced and the social benefits are significant

With Jiangsu Yejia Pear Orchard Demonstration Base as the center, the planting area of ??'Su Cui No. 1' has been spread to Taizhou and Nantong , Yancheng and other surrounding areas, covering more than 8,000 acres, stimulating 600 farmers and generating direct economic benefits of nearly 10 million yuan. The "pig-marsh-pear" breeding and breeding cycle complex built on the basis of the provincial pear system has become a model of ecological agriculture in modern pear orchards of "integration of farming and livestock breeding and resource recycling" and has begun to be promoted throughout the province and surrounding provinces.

(4) Create a national high-tech agricultural park and cultivate regional public brands

Driven by Yejia Liyuan, surrounding pear orchards have developed on a large scale, and Taixing Municipal Government has used Yejia Liyuan to Jialiyuan is the main body and successfully applied for national high-tech park in 2019, focusing on creating high-quality and safe agricultural products and cultivating local brands.

In the future, with the support of the provincial pear industry technology system, Taixing Demonstration Base Yejia Pear Garden will explore the green world of tourism and leisure agriculture in the integrated development of agriculture and tourism, better demonstrate the technical achievements of the provincial pear industry technology system, and let science and technology support agriculture. The industrial chain continues to extend.

Typical Case 2: Jiangsu Pear Industry Technology System assists the upgrading of Suining Pear Industry in key counties

(1) Integrated innovation results of the pear system promote the upgrading of Suining Pear Industry Upgrade

Since Suining County joined the provincial pear industry technology system, it has intensified the construction of pear demonstration bases. Currently, it has established a core demonstration base of 102 acres to establish a test with strong model function, good demonstration effect, and relatively stable There are 5 demonstration sites with a total area of ??2,850 acres. It mainly demonstrates and promotes the new pear variety 'Su Cui No. 1', trunk-shaped cultivation, pear liquid pollination, insecticidal lamp prevention and control, insecticide board prevention and control and other efficient cultivation technologies. It has radiated and promoted nearly 30,000 acres of pear industry production along the ancient Yellow River. The upgrading of the fruit tree industry belt along the old Yellow River has brought tangible benefits to fruit farmers in Suining County. The average annual income per person has increased by more than 4,500 yuan, more than 4,000 people have been employed, the forest coverage rate has increased by 12%, and the economy has been realized. With three bumper harvests of economic, social and ecological benefits, we have embarked on a path of rural revitalization that strengthens the fruits and enriches farmers.

(1) Demonstration results of new pear varieties

Focusing on the layout of the county's pear industry, nearly 10,000 acres of old orchards were renovated, and new business entities were attracted to settle in the base to promote moderate-scale operations. , a number of standardized pear production bases with excellent varieties, intensive technology and advanced management have been built, and the demonstration has driven the production of high-quality pear fruits across 120,000 acres in the county.

(2) Demonstration results of pear standardized cultivation technology

Under the guidance of system experts and teams, Suining County shifted from the traditional cultivation technology model to the promotion of pear standardized supporting technologies. Promote the improvement of pear fruit quality. The first is to introduce suitable varieties into new gardens and apply a trunk-shaped pattern of wide rows and dense planting suitable for mechanized production, mainly to improve the survival rate. Second, kindergarten management focuses on cultivating tree shapes and improving soil. Third, the management of pear orchards during the fruiting period focuses on stabilizing tree vigor, high quality and high efficiency. Accelerate the application of standardized production technologies such as thinning flowers and fruits, increasing the application of organic fertilizers, green comprehensive pest control, and water-saving irrigation to produce pollution-free, green, and organic pear fruits. The fourth is the construction of fruit quality and safety systems. Implement market product testing, implement the market access system, establish and improve the quality and safety traceability testing system for agricultural products, and do a good job in pear quality and safety construction.

(3) Achievements in green ecological construction

Fully implemented the ecological development strategy of “one control, two reductions, and three basics”, promoted green production methods, and promoted the green ecology and product quality of the pear industry Safety. The first is to promote water- and fertilizer-saving production methods in pear orchards. All new pear orchards with an area of ??more than 100 acres shall apply integrated water and fertilizer technology, implement soil testing formulas, and supplement water and fertilizer according to the needs of pear trees. The second is to transform the soil management system of pear orchards, promote the application of more organic fertilizers, carry out the action of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers in pear orchards, promote the application of farmyard manure, livestock and poultry breeding manure, commercial organic fertilizers and biogas fertilizers and biogas slurry in pear orchards, and promote the grass management model of pear orchards. , continuously improve the soil structure and physical and chemical properties, and enhance the organic fertilizer content and water and fertilizer retention capabilities of the pear orchard. The third is to promote green prevention and control technology in Liyuan. Demonstrate the application of physical control technologies such as insecticidal lamps and sexual attractants, promote the use of chemical control with biological pesticides and low-residue pesticides, ensure the production of pollution-free fruits, continue to expand green pome production, and explore the production of organic pome fruits.

(4) Science and technology improvement results

Through the pear industry technology system platform, we have carried out extensive exchanges and cooperation with scientific research institutes such as Nanjing Agricultural University and the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences to carry out new pear tree innovations. Experimental demonstrations of varieties, new technologies, and new models have provided strong scientific and technological support for the development of the county's pear industry.

Through the construction of Suining Promotion Demonstration Base of Jiangsu Modern Agriculture (Pear) Industry System, system members such as the provincial pear system chief expert, position expert and demonstration base director have been invited for many times to provide on-site technical guidance and organize local pear farmers to develop new pear varieties and new technologies. conduct on-site observations and print production technology manuals; promote new concepts and new technologies in the modern pear industry through training, update the ideas and market awareness of fruit farmers, improve the level of understanding, arm the mind with modern development concepts and science and technology, and cultivate new types of fruit farmers so that they can They have become leaders in developing the pear industry and increasing income and wealth, and have trained more than 1,200 people.

(5) Brand improvement effect

In recent years, Suining County has focused on building regional public brands for characteristic agricultural products such as "Ancient Yellow River" and "Xusha River", and has also made great efforts in creating green and organic pears. A breakthrough. By building an external publicity platform, we will carry out all-round, multi-level and continuous publicity and promotion to enhance the market's awareness of Suining County's branded fruits and brand companies, and expand the market share and influence of the products. Actively promote the overall image packaging design and promotion of "Ancient Yellow River", strive to create national geographical indication products, build a public brand of "Ancient Yellow River" as the leader, create a national geographical indication trademark, and create Suining County Fruit Industry Exhibition Center ( Relying on the County Agricultural Exhibition Hall) and the pear industry WeChat platform, we will accelerate the entry of Suining County pear fruits into the high-end market, improve industrial efficiency, and help fruit farmers get rich and rural revitalization.