1. The trademark determined by preliminary examination violates the provisions of Article 10 of the Trademark Law and uses signs prohibited by the Trademark Law.

2. A trademark determined by preliminary examination violates the provisions of Article 28 of the Trademark Law and infringes upon the prior trademark rights of others. The trademark applied for registration is the same as someone else’s registered trademark on the same or similar goods or has been preliminary The approved trademarks are identical or similar.

3. The trademark determined by preliminary examination violates the provisions of Article 31 of the Trademark Law and infringes upon the prior rights of others.

This specifically includes the following aspects:

1. The trademark identified in the preliminary examination infringes upon a well-known trademark.

2. The trademark determined in the preliminary examination violates the provisions of Article 15 of the Trademark Law. The agent or representative applies for registration of the trademark of the client or represented person in his or her own name without authorization.

3. The trademark identified in the preliminary examination violates the provisions of Article 16 of the Trademark Law, abuses geographical indications, and causes public confusion.

4. The trademark identified in the preliminary examination infringes upon the design patent rights or copyrights of others.

5. The trademark identified in the preliminary examination infringes upon the prior special sign rights of others.

6. The trademark identified in the preliminary examination is a trademark that has been used by others and has a certain influence by unfair means.