I think this article is quite good, for your reference:
Research on the development trends and goals of Zhejiang's garment industry
——Industrial cluster development goals. The functions and levels of industrial clusters have been significantly improved, and several core blocks and key blocks with industrial parks and core enterprises as the main bodies have been cultivated and constructed. These blocks have a certain share and strong influence in the domestic and international markets. competitiveness. Build several characteristic textile and garment industrial parks in core areas and key areas; create three "Chinese Famous Garment Cities" in Ningbo, Wenzhou and Hangzhou. By 2010, the overall image of China's Famous Garment Cities will be initially completed and established.
——Industrial export-oriented goal. The export volume of the textile industry exceeds 20 billion US dollars, ranking Zhejiang's second largest export commodity after mechanical and electrical products, accounting for more than 30% of the province's total foreign trade export value. Mixed-ownership enterprises are the main exporters, general trade exports are the main exports, and processing trade exports are growing rapidly. The main trading partners are located in Japan, the European Union, the United States, ASEAN, South America and other countries and regions. The relative advantage index of exported clothing is around 1.8. Textile and clothing exports continue to be one of Zhejiang's most advantageous industries in participating in international competition.
(3) Textile and garment industry development layout
The province plans to use Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Huzhou, Wenzhou and Taizhou as the regional development centers of each corresponding industry, and based on the industry's advanced and future market growth are divided into different levels, with priority given to supporting and developing regional centers or industry sectors with the greatest potential; according to the law of industrial gradient transfer, attention should be paid to utilizing the industries of the "two wests" (western Zhejiang and western provinces of China) Develop new space and achieve integrated development of developed and underdeveloped areas.
1. Textile industry development layout: With Shaoxing County as the focus, we will focus on supporting the construction of Binhai Industrial Zone and Keqiao Development Zone to drive faster development of the textile industry in the Hangzhou Bay area. Among them, industrial clusters and chemical fiber production: advantageous areas such as Shaoxing, Xiaoshan and Jiaxing are the main gathering places. Focus on the development of high value-added differentiated fibers, new and special fiber production, increase the proportion of differentiated fibers (40%), and increase the proportion of industrial and decorative fibers (40%). Cotton spinning projects: mainly concentrated in Ningbo, Shaoxing, Xiaoshan and Haining. The focus is to improve the modernization of spinning equipment, accelerate the development of pure cotton, high-count combed yarn, colored yarn, and knot-free yarn, and increase the proportion of self-sufficient cotton yarn in the province. Weaving industry: focus on Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan and other advantageous areas. It is necessary to strengthen product structure adjustment and grade improvement, actively develop high-end fabrics, increase the proportion of combed yarn in fabric components (45%), and focus on concentrated distribution in advantageous areas such as Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Tongxiang, Haining, and Haiyan. Printing and dyeing industry: Shaoxing, Xiaoshan and Jiaxing are the main bases. It is necessary to increase the development of environmentally friendly dyeing and finishing technology and improve finishing capabilities. Textile dye companies are mainly concentrated in Shaoxing County and its surrounding areas. Among them, dye production is centered in Shangyu New District, which strictly controls pollution and prohibits high-polluting companies from locating in upstream waterfront areas. Home textiles and industrial textiles industry: Based on advantageous areas such as Haining, Yuhang, and Ningbo, production clusters will gradually form. Silk industry: The Hangjiahu area, the traditional production area, is the main cluster area. Further increase industrial integration, promote industrial agglomeration, and improve industrial competitiveness. Textile machinery industry: Focus on Xinchang, Shengzhou and Taizhou to build new domestic textile machinery production bases.
2. Garment industry development layout: Support Ningbo Yinzhou as the core area for the development of Zhejiang's garment industry. Taking Jianggan and Xiaoshan Districts in Hangzhou as one of the key areas for Zhejiang's clothing industry layout, the women's clothing industry area is planned to be constructed. Taking Huzhou Zhili as the second key area of ??Zhejiang's clothing industry layout, we will support the construction of Zhili children's clothing boutique area.
Characteristic clothing regional clusters, the cluster layout of men's clothing: centered in Ningbo, extending to Wenzhou Tengqiao and Zhuji Fengqiao, Yiwu Dachen, and Suxi; the cluster layout of women's clothing: centered in Hangzhou, extending to Jiaxing and Huzhou; the cluster of children's clothing Layout: centered on Zhili, Huzhou, extending to Ninghai, Ningbo, etc.; cluster layout of casual clothing: centered on Wenzhou, extending to Pinghu, Zhuji Fengqiao, Yiwu, Dachen, and Suxi; cluster layout of leather clothing: centered on Haining center, extending to Changxing; the cluster layout of knitted clothing: centered on Ningbo Xiangshan, extending to Haining, Cixi, Tonglu, Zhuji and Datang; the cluster layout of ties: centered on Shengzhou, Shaoxing, extending to Yiwu and Zhuji; the cluster layout of clothing accessories Cluster layout: With Changxing as the center, we will develop the garment accessories manufacturing industry featuring high-end garment fusible interlinings.
The cancellation of quotas will inevitably lead to the re-division of global market shares. According to the U.S. International Trade Commission, the share of Chinese textiles in the U.S. market will increase to more than 30% in the future. But we are also facing complex redistribution of interests between developed and developing countries, and competition will become even more brutal. The textile market in developed countries in Europe and the United States is still dominated by their multinational companies, and a large number of world-renowned brand groups control the market. They have their own brands, designs, fabric sources, technical advantages, production companies and sales channels. They entrust developing countries with OEM processing and then distribute them. Developing countries like India are our traditional competitors. There are also countries that have geographical advantages with developed countries (such as Eastern Europe, Turkey, Mexico, etc.). Compared with my country, they have geographical location and some trade policy advantages. After the EU's eastward expansion, with the enhancement of internal trade brought about by zero tariffs within the EU and external quotas and high tariffs, my country's exports to the 10 countries that entered the EU after the EU's eastward expansion will show a downward trend; after the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement, Between the United States, Canada and Mexico, a regional circulation trend has gradually formed in which cotton yarn is produced in the United States, woven and made into garments in Mexico and Canada, and then returned to the United States. Therefore, in the next 5-10 years, although China's textile industry will have certain competitive advantages, competition and conflicts between Asian countries and regions, and between Asia and Latin America, especially the Caribbean, will intensify.
4. Technology upgrading situation. In recent years, Zhejiang's textile industry has vigorously introduced advanced equipment, continuously accelerated the pace of updating technical equipment, and utilized advanced technology. Various economic and technical indicators have ranked among the best in the country. The self-sufficiency rate of clothing fabrics has also increased, and the trend of technological upgrading is relatively obvious. . After the quota is cancelled, Zhejiang's textile industry will have the opportunity to attract more and faster foreign capital, advanced technology, advanced management and other elements, strengthen cooperation with other countries in the textile field, and promote the upgrading of the textile industry. However, foreign famous brand clothing products are seizing the domestic market with an annual growth rate of 3%. Hundreds of famous foreign clothing companies have launched fierce market competition in our country. However, the digestion and absorption capacity of our technical equipment needs to be improved, and independent innovation is far from enough.
(2) Problems
First, labor costs are rising. The advantage of low-cost labor is gradually lost, causing product production costs to gradually increase and competitive advantages to weaken.
Second, land, raw materials and energy have certain constraints on the development of the textile industry. After more than 20 years of development, the most suitable geographical areas for the development of the textile and garment industry in the province have been basically utilized, and there is obviously a lack of new regional space suitable for the expansion of industrial scale and industrial transfer. In terms of raw materials, judging from the quantity of natural fibers provided locally, except for silkworm cocoons (raw silk), which are relatively abundant, other fibers such as cotton, wool, and linen cannot meet the existing production capacity. Chemical fiber raw materials are heavily dependent on external sources. In terms of energy, there is basically no coal or oil production in Zhejiang Province, and almost 100% relies on transfers or imports from other provinces. Electricity supply is tight and water shortages in some areas will also affect the further development of the textile industry to a certain extent.
Third, R&D capabilities are weak. The main manifestations are that the differentiation rate of chemical fiber products has been hovering at a low level, and the development of high-performance and functional fibers lags behind; it is difficult to break through technical obstacles after printing and dyeing; it is difficult to make achievements in fabric development, basically staying at the imitation stage; it is difficult to deepen the development of silk and related products , the corresponding technical problems have not been solved for many years; the clothing design level is far behind the world level, and brand design and construction have a long way to go; the development of textile machinery products lacks independent intellectual property rights. Textile and clothing exports are mainly medium and low-end products. Most of the exported clothing does not have its own brand, and the styles are mainly processed based on incoming samples; functional and differentiated chemical fiber fabrics cannot meet the requirements of the international market.
The fabrics produced cannot keep up with fashion trends in terms of color and pattern, and the self-sufficiency rate for exporting clothing fabrics is only about 55%. The reason is that there is a clear gap between Zhejiang Province and the international advanced level in the five major technical aspects of product development, namely fiber, yarn, weaving, dyeing and finishing, and design.
Fourth, there is a certain gap between the technical equipment and the international advanced level. The overall level of technical equipment is low, which makes the labor productivity of the textile industry in Zhejiang Province far behind that of foreign countries. In the international cotton textile industry, the share of advanced process equipment such as combing machines and automatic winders has reached 50% and 90% respectively, while Zhejiang only accounts for 20% and 33%; the shuttleless ratio of looms has reached 80% internationally. Above, our province only accounts for 38.5%, high value-added differentiated fiber products have exceeded 40% internationally, and Zhejiang only accounts for 20%. The polyester direct spinning technology in the chemical fiber industry of developed countries has been widely used, and the proportion of direct spinning in Zhejiang is only 60%. The technical level of finishing after printing and dyeing is even more backward, resulting in fabric color difference, low color fastness and poor hand feel.
Fifth, there is a lack of professional talents and low management levels. There is a shortage of talents who have received systematic training in textile production theory and practice, are familiar with WTO rules, and have the ability to handle international affairs. Management level is relatively low. At the same time, the quality of the workforce is poor and unstable, which not only affects labor productivity, but also causes waste, increases product costs, and weakens the competitive advantages that should be achieved.
II. Development ideas and strategic goals of Zhejiang’s textile industry
(1) Development ideas
Guided by the scientific outlook on development, grasp economic globalization and new technologies Revolutionary development trends and opportunities, with the goal of continuously enhancing international competitiveness, building a new system for the textile industry in accordance with the requirements of integrated development of internationalization, informatization, industrialization, urbanization, and ecologicalization, taking technological innovation and institutional innovation as the driving force, and taking Structural optimization is the guide, and business process reorganization is the means to strengthen the industrial cluster effect, optimize regional rational layout, promote the development of industrial integration, and create an international advanced textile and apparel manufacturing with strong support, optimized structure, high-tech content, and high added value. Base, R&D base and international trade (marketing, logistics) center.
(2) Industrial development positioning
- A manufacturing base for the international advanced textile industry. Mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, in terms of industrial scale, the production capacity of chemical fiber, cotton spinning, knitting, printing and dyeing, clothing, ties, etc. remains the country's leader and ranks among the best in the world. The second is in terms of industrial organization, based on professional collaboration, build a "network-style" organization with large enterprises as the leader and small and medium-sized enterprises as the basis, promote multi-party alliances and guide orderly competition, and create a number of internationally competitive textile and apparel " aircraft carrier". Third, the ability to upgrade textile products has been continuously enhanced. The proportion of brand-name, high-tech, and high-value-added products has increased significantly, while the proportion of low-level textile products that consume large amounts of resources, energy, and environmental pollution has gradually decreased. Fourth, in terms of technology and equipment, we will increase the introduction of international advanced technology and equipment, cultivate independent innovation capabilities, and make breakthroughs in improving the localization capabilities of international advanced technology and equipment.
——R&D base for advanced textile industry. The textile industry R&D base is the main battlefield to enhance the ability to upgrade textile products and localize international advanced textile technology and equipment. It must become the main source of key industrial technologies and regional breakthroughs, and become an international, especially multinational company, national The gathering place of R&D institutions has become an innovation base that combines government support with market operations, professional development and integration of industry, academia and research, cross-regional collaboration and Sino-foreign joint ventures and cooperation.
——An international trading center for advanced textile products. First, it is necessary to base on Zhejiang's existing professional markets and wholesale markets for various textile products, raw materials and various textile and clothing trade fairs, and according to the requirements of modern logistics and marketing development, use informatization as the main means to transform and enhance the connotation and energy levels of various markets. Promote joint and joint development and amplify the international and domestic regional effects of clusters. The second is to accelerate and increase integration with the international textile and apparel market. Vigorously increase foreign exchange earnings from textile and clothing exports, accumulate markets, talents and introduce technology. Gradually increase the number of international brands and overseas suppliers, promote textile companies to enter the international market, open trading companies in major trading areas, and increase joint ventures and cooperation with international textile and apparel trading companies.
Cultivate several professional exhibitions with international influence, and through the improvement and enhancement of procurement information platforms, procurement consultation, and procurement services, bring Zhejiang's textile trade to a new level, and strive to build Zhejiang into an internationally advanced textile Industrial trade (marketing, logistics) center.
——A brand gathering place for the international advanced textile industry. The first is to build the Hangzhou Bay Textile Industry Belt into an international regional brand of the textile industry and expand its international influence; the second is to cultivate a number of large-scale textile and garment enterprises to further enhance their international competitiveness and form a national and influential corporate brands in the world; the third is to strengthen the research and development, attraction, investment and operation of product brands, and vigorously introduce international brands on the basis of strengthening product research and development, making Zhejiang a brand gathering place for the world's textile industry.
(3) Strategic Goals
By 2010, Zhejiang’s textile industry will be fully integrated into the international market and take the lead in basically building a leading domestic, internationally competitive, large-scale industrial agglomeration and professional collaboration It is an international advanced textile and apparel manufacturing base, R&D base and R&D base with high level, complete supporting functions, advanced technology, strong R&D and innovation capabilities, wide coverage, high added value and strong ability to earn foreign exchange from exports, integrating production, R&D, trading and information. International Trade Center.
——Industrial development scale target. From the analysis of the stage of industrialization development in Zhejiang, industrial development trends and market demand trends, we believe that by 2010, the total output value of the textile industry of all state-owned and above-scale non-state-owned industrial enterprises in Zhejiang will be close to 1 trillion yuan, accounting for 10% of the total industrial output value. The appropriate proportion is about 22.5%. The textile industry still plays an important role in Zhejiang's economic and social development.
——Industrial development level goal. The technological innovation capability of the textile industry ranks at the leading level in the country, the technical equipment of key enterprises has reached the international advanced level, large and medium-sized enterprises have basically realized enterprise informatization, printing and dyeing post-finishing technology and key technologies of high-grade textile fabrics have made great progress, and the textile industry has become a high-added Value and high-tech industries lead the country in economic efficiency and green manufacturing. Human resource advantages are fully utilized, labor productivity is greatly improved, and the overall industrial level is improved, creating a "bulge effect."
——Industrial cluster development goals. The functions and levels of industrial clusters have been significantly improved, and several core blocks and key blocks with industrial parks and core enterprises as the main bodies have been cultivated and constructed. These blocks have a certain share and strong influence in the domestic and international markets. competitiveness. Build several characteristic textile and garment industrial parks in core areas and key areas; create three "Chinese Famous Garment Cities" in Ningbo, Wenzhou and Hangzhou, and initially complete and establish the overall image of China's Famous Garment Cities by 2010.
——Industrial export-oriented goal. The export volume of the textile industry exceeds US$20 billion, ranking Zhejiang's second largest export commodity after mechanical and electrical products, accounting for more than 30% of the province's total foreign trade export value. Mixed-ownership enterprises are the main exporters, general trade exports are the main exports, and processing trade exports are growing rapidly. The main trading partners are located in Japan, the European Union, the United States, ASEAN, South America and other countries and regions. The relative advantage index of exported clothing is around 1.8. Textile and clothing exports continue to be one of Zhejiang's most advantageous industries in participating in international competition.
(3) Textile and garment industry development layout
The province plans to use Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Huzhou, Wenzhou and Taizhou as the regional development centers of each corresponding industry, and based on the industry's advanced and future market growth are divided into different levels, with priority given to supporting and developing regional centers or industry sectors with the greatest potential; according to the law of industrial gradient transfer, attention should be paid to utilizing the industries of the "two wests" (western Zhejiang and western provinces of China) Develop new space and achieve integrated development of developed and underdeveloped areas.
1. Textile industry development layout: With Shaoxing County as the focus, we will focus on supporting the construction of Binhai Industrial Zone and Keqiao Development Zone to drive faster development of the textile industry in the Hangzhou Bay area. Among them, industrial clusters and chemical fiber production: advantageous areas such as Shaoxing, Xiaoshan and Jiaxing are the main gathering places. Focus on the development of high value-added differentiated fibers, new and special fiber production, increase the proportion of differentiated fibers (40%), and increase the proportion of industrial and decorative fibers (40%). Cotton spinning projects: mainly concentrated in Ningbo, Shaoxing, Xiaoshan and Haining.
The focus is to improve the modernization of spinning equipment, accelerate the development of pure cotton, high-count combed yarn, colored yarn, and knot-free yarn, and increase the proportion of self-sufficient cotton yarn in the province. Weaving industry: focus on Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan and other advantageous areas. It is necessary to strengthen product structure adjustment and grade improvement, actively develop high-end fabrics, increase the proportion of combed yarn in fabric components (45%), and focus on concentrated distribution in advantageous areas such as Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Tongxiang, Haining, and Haiyan. Printing and dyeing industry: Shaoxing, Xiaoshan and Jiaxing are the main bases. It is necessary to increase the development of environmentally friendly dyeing and finishing technology and improve finishing capabilities. Textile dye companies are mainly concentrated in Shaoxing County and its surrounding areas. Among them, dye production is centered in Shangyu New District, which strictly controls pollution and prohibits high-polluting companies from locating in upstream waterfront areas. Home textiles and industrial textiles industry: Based on advantageous areas such as Haining, Yuhang, and Ningbo, production clusters will gradually form. Silk industry: The Hangjiahu area, the traditional production area, is the main cluster area. Further increase industrial integration, promote industrial agglomeration, and improve industrial competitiveness. Textile machinery industry: Focus on Xinchang, Shengzhou and Taizhou to build new domestic textile machinery production bases.
2. Garment industry development layout: Support Ningbo Yinzhou as the core area for the development of Zhejiang's garment industry. Taking Jianggan and Xiaoshan Districts in Hangzhou as one of the key areas for Zhejiang's clothing industry layout, the women's clothing industry area is planned to be constructed. Taking Huzhou Zhili as the second key area of ??Zhejiang's clothing industry layout, we will support the construction of Zhili children's clothing boutique area. Characteristic clothing regional clusters, the cluster layout of men's clothing: centered in Ningbo, extending to Wenzhou Tengqiao and Zhuji Fengqiao, Yiwu Dachen, and Suxi; the cluster layout of women's clothing: centered in Hangzhou, extending to Jiaxing and Huzhou; the cluster of children's clothing Layout: centered on Zhili, Huzhou, extending to Ninghai, Ningbo, etc.; cluster layout of casual clothing: centered on Wenzhou, extending to Pinghu, Zhuji Fengqiao, Yiwu, Dachen, and Suxi; cluster layout of leather clothing: centered on Haining center, extending to Changxing; the cluster layout of knitted clothing: centered on Ningbo Xiangshan, extending to Haining, Cixi, Tonglu, Zhuji and Datang; the cluster layout of ties: centered on Shengzhou, Shaoxing, extending to Yiwu and Zhuji; the cluster layout of clothing accessories Cluster layout: with Changxing as the center, develop the garment accessories manufacturing industry featuring high-end garment fusible interlinings.