Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsoni), Artiodactyla, Boridae, Caprinae, pantholops, endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, national first-level protected animal , listed in Appendix 1 of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora. It is a species that is strictly protected and prohibited from trade worldwide. Tibetan antelopes are mainly distributed in Qinghai, Tibet, and southern Xinjiang. In the past, they were distributed in small quantities in India and Nepal. At the beginning of the 20th century, the total population of Tibetan antelopes was more than 1 million, making them the representative of wild animals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Before the late 1980s, people could often see thousands of Tibetan antelopes in each herd running in the wilderness, overwhelming the sky and flying dust in an awe-inspiring manner. However, driven by the illegal trade in Tibetan antelope velvet products abroad, some domestic lawless elements began to hunt and kill Tibetan antelopes in the late 1980s, and the criminal methods became increasingly armed and gang-oriented. As a result, the Tibetan antelopes suffered an unprecedented misfortune: the population increased sharply. decline, and the distribution area is shrinking. According to estimates by relevant authorities in 1999, the total Tibetan antelope population was less than 75,000. The Tibetan antelope is larger in size. The male body length is 1350-1450mm and the shoulder height is 780-970mm. The female body length is 1030-1300mm and the shoulder height is 700-920mm. The head is wide and long, the snout is broad, the nasal cavity is obviously bulging, and the nostrils are almost Vertically downward, the entire nose is covered with hair. No infraorbital glands. The upper lip is particularly wide and thick, and the male body has a pair of special long horns that stand straight above the head, with only the tips of the horns slightly bent inward and forward. The corners have ring edges, the front edge of the corner is protruding and the rear edge is gentle, and the tip of the corner is smooth and without edges. Female sheep have no horns and only one pair of nipples. The tail is short and pointed at the end. The limbs are well-proportioned and strong, and the hooves are slightly flat and pointed. Except for the head, the lower part of the limbs and the inner side of the tail, the whole body is covered with thick and dense hair, which is straight and wavy in shape. The hair is slender and soft. The diameter of the hair fiber is generally between 10-12 microns, and the smallest is 6 microns. The Tibetan antelope has a special structure, that is, there are two empty sacs on the left and right facing into the abdomen on the inner side of the abdomen opposite to the hind limbs. Observing the collected Tibetan antelope skins, it was found that there were yellow secretion crystals in the empty sacs, and the composition Analysis has not yet been performed. In order to save the endangered Tibetan antelope population, governments at all levels in our country have taken active and effective measures to establish nature reserves in the main distribution areas of the Tibetan antelope and organize armed anti-poaching operations. In particular, in 1999, the Forestry Public Security Bureau of the State Forestry Administration organized The "Kekexili No. 1 Operation" carried out in Qinghai, Xinjiang and Tibet provinces played a decisive role in severely cracking down on poaching crimes. In October of the same year, an international seminar on Tibetan antelope protection and trade was held in Xining and the "Xining Declaration" was issued, prompting countries that process and consume Tibetan antelope velvet products to take active measures. Through years of unremitting efforts, the incidence rate of poaching crimes has dropped significantly. Especially this year, there has not been a single completed poaching case in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve. The Tibetan antelope population has also recovered, and the protection work has achieved unprecedented good results since the 1980s. The English name of the Tibetan antelope is Tibetan antelope, commonly known as the Tibetan antelope. Because the long horn of the male body is particularly symmetrical and basically straight, it often looks like a horn when viewed sideways from a distance. It was also called the "unicorn". This article comes from Animal World\Emperor Penguin, referred to as Emperor Penguin, is generally 1.22 meters tall and weighs 41 kilograms. It is the king of penguins in the world. Its morphological characteristic is an orange-yellow feather under the neck, which gradually becomes lighter downwards, and is the deepest behind the ears. The whole body is harmonious in color, solemn and elegant. Emperor penguins breed on the ice in the cold Antarctic winter. The female penguin lays one egg at a time and the male penguin incubates the egg. Distribution There are about 20 species of penguins in the world, all distributed in the Southern Hemisphere, with the Antarctic continent as the center and as far north as the southern tip of Africa, South America and Oceania. They are mainly distributed along the coast of the continent and on some islands. There are 7 species of Antarctic penguins: emperor penguins, Adélie penguins, golden penguins (also known as gentoo penguins), chinstrap penguins (also known as Antarctic penguins), king penguins (also known as king penguins), stone-loving penguins and flashy penguins . These seven penguin species all breed in the Antarctic Convergence Zone. There are not many species of Antarctic penguins, but their numbers are considerable. According to long-term observations and estimates by ornithologists, there are nearly 120 million penguins in the Antarctic region, accounting for 87% of the world's total penguins and 90% of the Antarctic seabirds.

The most numerous are Adélie penguins, with about 50 million, followed by chinstrap penguins, with about 3 million, and the smallest are emperor penguins, with about 570,000. Morphology The most common morphological characteristics of Antarctic penguins are that their bodies are streamlined, with black feathers on their backs and white feathers on their abdomens. Their wings are vestigial and fin-shaped. Their feathers are thin tube-like structures arranged in a lanceolate shape. They have short legs and long toes. It has webbed legs, a short tail, a fat body, a pot belly, and a staggering walk. Different species of penguins have distinct characteristics and are easy to identify. Overview Penguins are the indigenous inhabitants of Antarctica. People call them the symbol of Antarctica, and they deserve it. First, because of the large number, high density and wide distribution of penguins, more than 100 million penguins have been found in the Antarctic region, accounting for 1/10 of the world's total seabirds. They can be found along the coast of the Antarctic continent and on the islands in the sub-Antarctic region. their traces. The first thing anyone who sets foot on the Antarctic land will notice is the swarms of penguins all over the mountains and plains. Penguins bring vitality to the cold and lonely world of ice and snow in Antarctica. The second reason is that the penguin’s appearance is adorable, especially its sanctimonious, polite and gentlemanly demeanor, which leaves a deep impression on people. The third reason is that penguins have shared the joys and sorrows in Antarctica for generations, facing their own fate, and have developed and developed the hard skills to adapt to the harsh environment of Antarctica - the special physiological function of being able to withstand low temperatures. Fourthly, because of the unique living habits of penguins, such as the male penguin hatching eggs and the nursery of young penguins, it has long been passed down as a good story and interesting talk. Fifth, penguins are a symbol of cold. When they see penguins, people immediately think of Antarctica, the coldest pole in the world. It’s no wonder that products in the world’s cold drink industry often use penguins as trademarks. In midsummer, the sight of penguins gives people a cool and refreshing feeling. It is the mysterious world of Antarctica that has given birth to such strange "residents". Antarctic penguins, like polar bears, have become well-known representative animals. This article comes from the animal world