(2014·; Sichuan Wenzong·14) (30 points) Historical narrative, historical explanation and historical criticism

Test points (2) Reform Movement of 1898; Revolution of 1911; Chinese economy in the late Qing Dynasty Structural changes; the trend of ideological emancipation in modern China - the spread of Western learning to the east; changes in material life and social customs in modern China; the advancement of transportation and communication tools in modern China; the development of mass media in modern China (3) Historical theory - history Evaluation; the idea of ??"Chinese body with western application"; Reform Movement of 1898; Revolution of 1911; Analysis of New Culture Movement (2) Combining material three, we can see that we should first organize the information in Figure 4 and then explain it.

The first step is to organize the information in Figure 4. First, determine the field to which the information belongs, that is, the field of social life, and then classify and organize the specific information. It can be seen that the pictures belong to material life and customs, transportation and communications, media changes, etc. There are several categories, so they will be introduced separately after the general description to complete the picture description. The explanation of the pictures in the second part can first be briefly analyzed from the perspective of history, and secondly, it can be analyzed in conjunction with the political, economic, cultural characteristics and related knowledge of the stage, so as to respond to the reasons for the above changes, and at the same time, it can Also includes impact, evaluation, etc.

That is to say, attention should be paid to the combination of macro, meso and micro analysis in analysis and evaluation. (3) The first question on how to evaluate includes two aspects. One refers to the evaluation method. Combining the materials, we can see that Chen Xulu analyzed "Chinese style and Western style" in a specific historical context, so the method can be called Historical evaluation; the second meaning of the "how" evaluation is the views and opinions on "Chinese body with Western application". After sorting out the materials and extracting keywords, it can be seen from the summary that Chen Xulu holds a more positive attitude towards "Chinese body with Western application". He believed that the stubborn feudal forces in China were extremely powerful at that time, and "Chinese style and Western use" created conditions for the introduction of Western learning.

The second question: The principle followed by this evaluation, that is, the aforementioned evaluation method, is to analyze the evaluation object under the historical conditions at that time. The third question: According to this principle, select any one of the views in Table 3 for evaluation, that is, analyze whether the various views and propositions in the table are realistically feasible under the historical conditions at that time.

Specifically, the Reform Movement of 1898: This view ignores the specific historical conditions at that time when the stubborn feudal forces were strong and the reformists were relatively weak. Revolution of 1911: This view ignores the historical reality that the Chinese national crisis was unprecedentedly severe at that time, the Qing Dynasty's "New Deal" was in trouble, and the democratic revolutionary forces were developing rapidly.

New Culture Movement: This view ignores the social reality of autocratic rule and retroversion at that time, as well as the pursuit of the intellectual elite of the New Culture Movement in trying to bring China into the orbit of national politics. Answer (2) Summary: The new things shown in Figure 4 are specifically reflected in changes in material life and social customs, changes in transportation and communication tools, and updates in mass media. They embody the changes in social life in modern China.

Cause and effect: After the Opium War, China was involved in the capitalist world market, and the impact of advanced Western industrial civilization on traditional Chinese civilization; some advanced Chinese people advocated the influence of learning from the West and social change movements. The emergence of these new things has promoted changes in people's behavior, ideas and concepts.

(10 points) (3) Evaluation: At that time, the stubborn feudal forces in China were extremely strong, and the "Chinese style and Western use" created conditions for the introduction of Western learning. Principle: Historical evaluation should place the evaluation object under the historical conditions at that time.

Reform Movement of 1898: This view ignores the specific historical conditions at that time when the stubborn feudal forces were strong and the reformers were relatively weak. Revolution of 1911: This view ignores the historical reality that the Chinese national crisis was unprecedentedly severe at that time, the Qing Dynasty's "New Deal" was in trouble, and the democratic revolutionary forces were developing rapidly.

New Culture Movement: This view ignores the social reality of autocratic rule and retroversion at that time, as well as the pursuit of the intellectual elite of the New Culture Movement in trying to bring China into the orbit of national politics. (10 points).

2014 Sichuan College Entrance Examination History Answers

Answers

Question number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Answers A D B C D C D B A C B B

13. (22 points)

(1) (8 points)

Main factors: superior geographical conditions and unique resource advantages; relatively stable political environment; development of commodity economy With the expansion of overseas demand; *** attaches great importance to it, such as the establishment of royal weapon factories and the reform of the craftsman system. Pay attention to learning from and improving technology, and constantly refine the division of labor; focus on the development of core products, such as blue and white porcelain.

(2) (9 points)

Pay attention to the protection and inheritance of traditional culture, such as protecting molds; pay attention to technology patents and brand protection, such as applying for patents and the Blue Sword trademark is still in use today; Pay attention to talent cultivation, such as establishing specialized schools.

(3)(5 points)

Requirement: The opinion should form a reasonable connection with the case cited.

14. (30 points)

(1) (10 points)

The early colonial expansion after the opening of new sea routes shows the beginning of globalization. disordered state. The Industrial Revolution that began in the late 18th century promoted the expansion of the capitalist world market and established the basic norms for international economic exchanges. The second industrial revolution that began in the late 19th century promoted the trend of global economic integration and formed a basic pattern of division of labor worldwide for the first time. In the mid-20th century, the establishment of global economic organizations such as the World Bank promoted the systematization and institutionalization of the world economy. The establishment of the World Trade Organization at the end of the 20th century marked the beginning of a new era of global orderly free trade.

(2) (10 points)

Compilation: The new things shown in Figure 4 are specifically reflected in changes in material life and social customs, changes in transportation and communication tools, and mass media Several aspects such as the update of the book embody the changes in social life in modern China.

Cause and effect: After the Opium War, China was involved in the capitalist world market, and advanced Western industrial civilization impacted traditional Chinese civilization; some advanced Chinese advocated the influence of learning from the West and social change movements. The emergence of these new things has promoted changes in people's behavior, ideas and concepts.

(3) (10 points)

Evaluation: At that time, the stubborn feudal forces in China were extremely strong, and "Chinese body and Western use" created conditions for the introduction of Western learning.

Principle: Historical evaluation should place the evaluation object under the historical conditions at that time.

Reform Movement of 1898: This view ignores the specific historical conditions at that time when the stubborn feudal forces were strong and the reformers were relatively weak.

Revolution of 1911: This view ignores the historical reality that the Chinese national crisis was unprecedentedly serious at that time, the Qing Dynasty's "New Deal" was in trouble, and the democratic revolutionary forces were developing rapidly.

New Culture Movement: This view ignores the social reality of the autocratic rule and retroversion at that time, as well as the pursuit of the intellectual elite of the New Culture Movement in trying to bring China into the orbit of national politics. 2014 Sichuan College Entrance Examination History Answers

Answer question number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Answers A D B C D C D B A C B B13. (22 points) (1) (8 points) Main factors: superior geographical conditions and Unique resource advantages; a relatively stable political environment; the development of the commodity economy and the expansion of overseas demand; the government's attention, such as the establishment of imperial ware factories and the reform of the craftsman system.

Pay attention to learning and improving technology, and constantly refine the division of labor; focus on the development of core products, such as blue and white porcelain. (2) (9 points) Pay attention to the protection and inheritance of traditional culture, such as protecting molds; pay attention to technology patents and brand protection, such as applying for patents and the Blue Sword trademark is still in use today; pay attention to talent training, such as establishing specialized schools.

(3) (5 points) Requirement: The opinion should form a reasonable connection with the case cited. 14. (30 points) (1) (10 points) The early colonial expansion after the opening of new shipping routes showed the disorderly state at the beginning of globalization.

The Industrial Revolution that began in the late 18th century promoted the expansion of the capitalist world market and established the basic norms for international economic exchanges. The second industrial revolution that began in the late 19th century promoted the trend of global economic integration and formed a basic pattern of division of labor worldwide for the first time.

In the mid-20th century, the establishment of global economic organizations such as the World Bank promoted the systematization and institutionalization of the world economy. The establishment of the World Trade Organization at the end of the 20th century marked the beginning of a new era of global orderly free trade.

(2) (10 points) Sorting: The new things shown in Figure 4 are specifically reflected in changes in material life and social customs, changes in transportation and communication tools, and updates in mass media. It embodies the changes in social life in modern China. Cause and effect: After the Opium War, China was involved in the capitalist world market, and the impact of advanced Western industrial civilization on traditional Chinese civilization; some advanced Chinese people advocated learning from the West and the impact of social change movements.

The emergence of these new things has promoted changes in people's behavior, ideas and concepts. (3) (10 points) Evaluation: At that time, the stubborn feudal forces in China were extremely strong, and "Chinese style and Western use" created conditions for the introduction of Western learning.

Principle: Historical evaluation should place the evaluation object under the historical conditions at that time. Reform Movement of 1898: This view ignores the specific historical conditions at that time when the stubborn feudal forces were strong and the reformists were relatively weak.

Revolution of 1911: This view ignores the historical reality that the Chinese national crisis was unprecedentedly serious at that time, the Qing Dynasty's "New Deal" was in trouble, and the democratic revolutionary forces were developing rapidly. New Culture Movement: This view ignores the social reality of autocratic rule and retroversion at that time, as well as the pursuit of the intellectual elite of the New Culture Movement to bring China into the orbit of national politics. A brief overview of Sichuan's social history - A brief overview of Sichuan's social history (1) Administrative divisions (2) Population and people

(1) Administrative divisions.

As of the end of 2005, the province had 18 prefecture-level cities, 3 autonomous prefectures, 181 counties (cities, districts), 4,544 towns and towns, and 239 sub-district offices. Among the grassroots mass autonomous organizations, there are 4,822 community residents' committees and 50,182 villagers' committees.

(2) Population and ethnicity. As of December 31, 2005, there were 26,563,878 households in the province with 86,421,445 people, an average of 3 per household.

25 people, the total population increased by 468,514 people compared with 2004, with an annual growth rate of 0.54%, a decrease of 0 from the previous year.

23 percentage points. Among the total population: 44,836,367 males, accounting for 51 of the total.

88%; 41,585,078 women, accounting for 48.12% of the total population, and the male to female ratio is 107.

8:100. Among the total population: 18,654,580 people under the age of 18, accounting for 21% of the total population.

59%; 24,839,717 people aged 18 to 35, accounting for 28.74% of the total population; 30,993,594 people aged 35 to 60, accounting for 35% of the total population.

86%; 11,933,554 people over 60 years old, accounting for 13.81% of the total population.

Sichuan Province is located in southwest China. It is a large multi-ethnic province with 55 ethnic minorities. According to the fifth national census in 2000, the minority population in Sichuan was 4.15 million.

Among them, the 14 ethnic minorities that have lived in the province for generations are Yi, Tibetan, Qiang, Miao, ***, Mongolian, Tujia, Lisu, Manchu, Naxi, Buyi, Bai, Zhuang, Dai. Ethnic minorities mainly live in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, and Muli Tibetan Autonomous County, Mabian Yi Autonomous County, Ebian Yi Autonomous County, and Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County.

Sichuan’s ethnic minority areas are vast, covering an area of ??302,000 square kilometers, accounting for 60% of the province’s total area.

14%. Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture has a Yi population of 1.81 million, making it the largest Yi inhabited area in the country; a Tibetan population of 1.22 million, making it the second largest Tibetan area in the country; and a Qiang population of 300,000, making it the only Qiang inhabited area in the country.

In addition, 18 cities in the province are areas where ethnic minorities live scattered and mixed. By the end of 2005, the population of scattered ethnic minorities reached 800,000, including 6 counties (districts) that enjoy the treatment of ethnic minority areas and 95 ethnic townships.

(3) Long history and culture. Sichuan Province is referred to as Chuan or Shu.

During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, two countries were established in Sichuan: one was the Shu Kingdom in today's western Sichuan, centered on the ancient Shu people; the other was in today's eastern Sichuan (including today's Chongqing City) ), a country founded by the Cuban people as the center. Therefore, the Sichuan area was called "Bashu" in ancient times.

In 316 BC, the Qin Dynasty destroyed Bashu and established two counties of Bashu. The Han Dynasty belonged to Yizhou, the Tang Dynasty belonged to Jiannan Road and Shannan East and West Roads, and the Sichuan-Shaanxi Road was established in the Song Dynasty. Later, it was divided into Yizhou and The four roads of Zi, Li and Kui are collectively called Sichuan Road, and this is the beginning of the name Sichuan. The Sichuan Province was established in the Yuan Dynasty, referred to as "Sichuan Province", and the Sichuan Chief Envoy Department was established in the Ming Dynasty. Its jurisdiction also included today's Zunyi, Guizhou Province, northeastern Yunnan and northwest Guizhou.

The Qing Dynasty was Sichuan Province, and major adjustments were made to the provincial boundaries of Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou provinces, and the current southern provincial boundaries of Sichuan were basically determined. During the Republic of China, what is now western Sichuan was divided into Xikang Province. In 1955, Xikang Province was placed under Sichuan.

In 1997, Sichuan was divided into what is now Chongqing Municipality and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan and Chongqing were divided. Currently, Sichuan Province governs 18 cities and 3 ethnic autonomous prefectures.

Sichuan has enjoyed the reputation of "Land of Abundance" since ancient times. Superior geographical and economic conditions make Sichuan one of the earliest regions in China to develop economically.

According to archaeological evidence, there were human activities in present-day Sichuan during the Paleolithic period. During the period 4000 to 5000 years ago, the Chengdu Plain area was the origin center of regional culture in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Among them, Sanxingdui in Guanghan and Jinsha ruins in Chengdu were the political, economic and cultural centers of the ancient Shu Kingdom.

The early rise of agricultural civilization and urban civilization enabled Sichuan's agriculture, metallurgy, silk weaving, and architecture to develop to a certain extent in history. The superior and unique ecological environment created favorable conditions for the growth and reproduction of Bashu civilization.

Sichuan is one of the important origins of Chinese civilization and is world-famous for its significant and unique connotations and characteristics. The origins of civilization are profound.

Sichuan civilization was a theocratic civilization during the Xia and Shang dynasties, and it was a ritual and music civilization from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After Qin unified Bashu, Bashu culture gradually transformed into an important regional subculture of Qin and Han culture.

The Han and Wei dynasties were the birthplace of Taoism in China. The Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties were the place where literature flourished. Buddhism also made remarkable achievements. The economy and culture of the Song Dynasty were highly prosperous, and the world's earliest paper currency "Jiaozi" appeared.

Bashu's science and technology has been very developed in history, including the Dujiangyan water conservancy project, planting technology, salt well technology, bronze smelting technology, astronomy, mathematics, medicine, etc. The local characteristics are remarkable.

Sichuan mainly belongs to the Bashu Cultural Area, and the regional culture has its own system. Sichuan language culture, opera culture, tea culture, wine culture, food culture, brocade culture, salt culture, etc. all have strong local styles, such as Sichuan dialect, Sichuan opera, Sichuan tea, Sichuan wine, Sichuan cuisine, Sichuan medicine, Sichuan embroidery, and Sichuan brocade , Sichuan style bonsai and other cultural brands all have strong local characteristics.

A collection of cultural treasures. Sichuan's long history and rich cultural heritage have left behind a batch of precious and rare high-taste culture.

Emeishan-Leshan Giant Buddha is a world natural and cultural heritage. Dujiangyan-Qingcheng Mountain is a world cultural heritage. A large number of gold, bronze, jade and pottery unearthed from Sanxingdui in Guanghan and Jinsha sites in Chengdu are cultural relics. Excellent product. There are 7 national-level historical and cultural cities, 24 provincial-level historical and cultural cities, 22 provincial-level historical and cultural towns, 64 national key cultural relics protection units, more than 3,000 provincial and county-level key cultural relics protection units, and more than 200 other cultural attractions. indivual.

Sichuan cuisine ranks among the three major cuisines in my country, Wuliangye and other Sichuan wines are treasures of the state banquet, and famous Chinese teas such as Mengding tea and Emei Maofeng are well-known throughout the country. Compatible with multiculturalism.

Although Sichuan culture is inevitably closed and static like agricultural civilization, it is also obviously open to external efforts.

In addition to the local Bashu culture and the Tibetan culture in the western part of the country, as long as you cross the basin, you will be connected to the Chu culture, Qinlong culture, Dian culture, Yelang culture, and Tibetan and Yi culture areas, promoting economic and cultural exchanges with the four parties. Penetration has formed the obvious characteristics of Bashu culture's diversity, inclusiveness and openness.

Since the reform and opening up, it has also absorbed Western festival culture and food culture. Outstanding Talents Three scientific researchers, Xu Xi, Zheng Jiakui, and Huang Runqiu, recently won the third Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Outstanding Contribution Award, respectively. 2014 National College Entrance Examination Questions New Curriculum Comprehensive History Answers

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